By Yordanos D. Addis Ababa, May 31, 2026 —The past eight years in Ethiopia have been defined by a complex reality marked by sweeping institutional reforms, major infrastructure achievements, and far-reaching national transformation, alongside significant challenges. Yet much of the international and domestic discourse surrounding the country has often focused disproportionately on its vulnerabilities while overlooking substantial progress made across multiple sectors. In recent weeks, some international media outlets, including CNN, The Economist, and Al Jazeera, have published reports that many Ethiopians and observers view as incomplete and unbalanced portrayals of the country's current trajectory. Critics argue that such narratives fail to adequately reflect the broader context of Ethiopia's ongoing transformation, despite visible developments that have been witnessed by international partners, investors, diplomats, and visitors. The timing of these reports has also raised questions among political commentators, particularly as Ethiopia prepares to conduct its seventh national election. Many analysts have asked why negative narratives have gained prominence at a moment when the country is seeking to consolidate democratic processes and showcase years of economic, social, and infrastructural progress. These narratives not only misrepresent the entirety of the country but also are totally distorted. An objective evaluation must also acknowledge the country's significant achievements in economic reform, infrastructure expansion, digital transformation, agricultural modernization, environmental conservation, energy development, tourism promotion, and regional diplomacy. Ignoring these gains presents an incomplete account of Ethiopia's trajectory and undermines a balanced understanding of its development journey. Any credible assessment requires viewing the full ledger, recognizing both the obstacles Ethiopia continues to face and the progress it has achieved. Only through such a balanced approach can the country's recent experience be understood with accuracy, fairness, and intellectual honesty. However, these media have altogether put aside all the gains rather focus on fabricated stories. However, Ethiopia's national story has been defined not merely by the challenges it has faced, but by its remarkable resilience, accelerated modernization, and firm commitment to self-reliance under the leadership of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed since 2018. From the historic peace agreement with Eritrea, which ended two decades of hostility and transformed the geopolitical landscape of the Horn of Africa, to the commissioning of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Africa's largest hydroelectric project, Ethiopia has demonstrated a determination to shape its own future. At the same time, the Green Legacy Initiative (GLI) has mobilized millions of citizens in an unprecedented environmental restoration campaign, reversing land degradation and contributing to climate resilience. Parallel to these efforts, a rapidly expanding digital economy is transforming public services, financial transactions, and everyday commerce, ushering the nation into a new era of technological advancement. The comprehensive review that follows examines this multifaceted transformation across twelve key sectors that have played a central role in reshaping Ethiopia over the past eight years. While acknowledging the challenges that remain, it highlights the tangible and measurable achievements that have altered the country's political, economic, social, environmental, and physical landscape. These developments are not merely statistical milestones; they represent structural changes that are laying the foundation for future growth and prosperity. Ultimately, this assessment poses an important question to media organizations, policymakers, citizens, and international observers alike: Should temporary crises and ongoing challenges obscure the significance of historic achievements that are transforming the nation? Or should these accomplishments be recognized as the foundation upon which Ethiopia can continue addressing its remaining obstacles and advancing toward its long-term aspirations? Political Reforms When Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed assumed office in April 2018, he introduced early political and institutional changes aimed at opening civic space and easing national tensions. Among the first steps taken was the release of thousands of political prisoners and the return of several opposition figures from exile. Legal and regulatory reforms followed, including amendments to the Charities and Societies Proclamation and the Media Proclamation, which eased long standing restrictions on civil society organizations and media institutions. In October 2018, a landmark cabinet reshuffle brought women into 50 percent of ministerial positions, including senior leadership portfolios, marking one of the most visible institutional shifts of the period. A central pillar of the broader political transformation has been the restructuring of the National Electoral Board of Ethiopia (NEBE). The reconstituted board was designed to function with greater independence and credibility, reshaping the institutional framework governing the country’s electoral process. This reform was first tested during the 6th national general election held in June 2021. Conducted under challenging conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the election marked a departure from previous eras which were dominated by a single political coalition. Domestic and international observers witnessed improvements in procedural openness and voter participation, while also recognizing the complexity of managing a large-scale election in a transitional environment. Building on that experience, Ethiopia has moved into preparations for its 7th national general election. This electoral cycle has been characterized by expanded logistical capacity and institutional modernization. The NEBE registered more than 54 million voters, representing a significant increase compared to the previous cycle, and introduced digital registration systems to improve accessibility. These developments reflect an evolving electoral and political landscape in which institutional frameworks have been adjusted to expand participation and strengthen procedural organization. Hence, while challenges remain, the direction of reform points to a political space that is more structured, more competitive, and more open than in earlier phases of the country’s recent history. Peace Agreement with Eritrea One of the most consequential diplomatic developments in Ethiopia's modern history was the peace agreement signed between Ethiopia and Eritrea in July 2018. The accord formally ended nearly two decades of hostility and diplomatic deadlock that had persisted since the 1998–2000 border war, a conflict that claimed tens of thousands of lives and left relations between the two neighboring countries frozen for years. The breakthrough triggered a series of historic developments. Diplomatic relations were restored, commercial flights resumed between Addis Ababa and Asmara, telecommunications links were re-established, border crossings were reopened, and families separated for decades by one of Africa's most heavily militarized frontiers were finally reunited. The agreement also reduced tensions across the Horn of Africa and generated optimism about the prospects for greater regional cooperation, economic integration, and stability. The significance of the initiative extended beyond the two countries. It demonstrated that even deeply entrenched conflicts could be resolved through political courage and diplomatic engagement. In recognition of his efforts to end the prolonged stalemate and advance reconciliation, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed was awarded the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel Committee cited his decisive role in achieving peace and fostering international cooperation in a region long affected by instability. While the implementation and sustainability of the peace process have faced significant challenges in subsequent years, including changing regional dynamics and renewed political tensions, the historic importance of the 2018 agreement remains undisputed. The accord represented a decisive departure from decades of confrontation and opened a new chapter in relations between the two countries. Viewed within a broader historical context, the Ethiopia-Eritrea peace agreement stands as one of the most important diplomatic achievements of the past decade in Africa. It demonstrated Ethiopia's willingness to pursue dialogue over confrontation and underscored the country's growing role in shaping peace and stability in the Horn of Africa. Regardless of later challenges, the agreement remains a landmark achievement that altered regional geopolitics and showcased the transformative potential of diplomatic leadership. Economic Reform The Homegrown Economic Reform Agenda (HGER), launched in 2019 and later expanded through a second phase, represents the most ambitious economic restructuring program undertaken in Ethiopia in decades. Designed to transition the country from a predominantly state-led development model toward a more competitive and market-oriented economy, the reform package seeks to address long-standing macroeconomic imbalances while laying the foundation for sustainable private sector-led growth. The reform agenda is built around several key pillars, including strengthening fiscal discipline, controlling inflationary pressures, expanding private sector participation, improving the performance of state-owned enterprises, enhancing export competitiveness, and creating a more attractive investment environment. Among its most significant milestones was the government's decision to move toward a market-based foreign exchange system, a major policy shift intended to improve foreign currency availability and boost investor confidence. The reform process also introduced an interest rate-based monetary policy framework through the National Bank of Ethiopia and reduced direct central bank financing of government expenditure, measures aimed at strengthening macroeconomic stability and improving policy credibility. Despite facing global economic shocks, the COVID-19 pandemic, climate-related challenges, and domestic security pressures, Ethiopia has continued to register strong economic growth. According to assessments by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, the country remains among Africa's fastest-growing economies. Economic growth was estimated at approximately 8.1 percent in the 2023/24 fiscal year, while projections for 2024/25 indicate growth exceeding 8 percent. Forecasts suggest that Ethiopia will continue to maintain one of the highest growth rates on the continent in the coming years. External sector performance has shown notable improvement as well. Export earnings have reached record levels, driven by strong performances in coffee, gold, horticulture, livestock products, and other key commodities. Foreign exchange inflows have also benefited from growing remittances, tourism recovery, and increased investment activity. These developments have helped improve foreign currency availability and strengthen the country's external position. Equally important is the growing role of the private sector. Reforms in telecommunications, banking, logistics, and investment regulations have begun opening previously restricted sectors to competition and private participation. The government's broader objective is to create an economic environment in which entrepreneurship, innovation, and investment serve as primary drivers of growth and job creation. The homegrown Economic Reform Agenda has fundamentally altered the trajectory of the Ethiopian economy. It has introduced structural reforms that seek not merely to sustain growth but to improve its quality, resilience, and inclusiveness. Growth of FDI Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has emerged as one of the key drivers of Ethiopia's economic transformation, providing critical capital inflows, technology transfer, employment opportunities, and access to international markets. As the country pursues ambitious industrialization and economic reform programs, attracting foreign investment has become a central component of its long-term development strategy. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Ethiopia has consistently ranked among Africa's leading destinations for foreign direct investment and remains one of the largest recipients of FDI in East Africa. Between 2018 and 2024, the country attracted billions of dollars in investment commitments across a wide range of sectors, including manufacturing, commercial agriculture, mining, renewable energy, infrastructure, telecommunications, and services. These investments have played an important role in expanding productive capacity, creating jobs, increasing exports, and strengthening the country's integration into global value chains. Besides, the country's network of industrial parks and the introduction of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) have created dedicated investment platforms offering improved infrastructure, streamlined administrative services, and enhanced incentives for domestic and international investors. These initiatives have strengthened Ethiopia's position as a regional manufacturing hub, particularly in textiles, apparel, agro-processing, pharmaceuticals, and light manufacturing. Another notable development was the decision to open Ethiopia's financial sector to foreign participation. Through new regulatory frameworks issued by the National Bank of Ethiopia, international financial institutions have been provided pathways to enter the market through subsidiaries, branches, strategic partnerships, and minority shareholdings in domestic banks. The move is expected to increase capital availability, strengthen competition, enhance financial innovation, and improve access to global financial expertise. The mining sector has also emerged as an increasingly attractive destination for foreign capital. Rising investments in gold, potash, natural gas, and critical minerals have expanded the sector's contribution to export earnings and foreign exchange generation. Similarly, growing investment in renewable energy projects reflects Ethiopia's ambition to become a regional leader in clean energy production and export. By gradually transitioning from a relatively closed economic structure toward a more open and competitive investment environment, Ethiopia has positioned itself as one of Africa's most promising emerging markets. The sustained flow of foreign investment over recent years reflects growing international confidence in the country's long-term economic potential and its vision of becoming a leading manufacturing, services, and investment hub on the continent. Technological Revolution Perhaps no sector better illustrates Ethiopia’s recent transformation than digital technology. Guided by the Digital Ethiopia 2025 Strategy, the country has accelerated its shift from a predominantly cash based and paper driven economy toward a more connected and technology enabled digital ecosystem. The strategy has prioritized the expansion of digital infrastructure, the development of a nationwide digital identity system, and the promotion of digital public services, laying the groundwork for greater financial inclusion, improved healthcare management, enhanced educational access, and more transparent public service delivery. At the center of this transformation is the Fayda Digital ID program, Ethiopia’s national digital identification initiative. The program has registered more than 15 million citizens and continues to expand rapidly toward its long-term goal of providing secure digital identification to 90 million residents by 2030. The initiative is expected to play a critical role in simplifying access to financial services, government programs, healthcare, and social protection schemes while reducing administrative inefficiencies. Infrastructure Expansion Infrastructure development has remained a cornerstone of Ethiopia’s growth strategy, providing the foundation for economic integration, trade expansion, and improved public services. Over the past eight years, the country has significantly expanded its transport network through the Road Sector Development Program. Ethiopia’s all weather road network increased from about 126,000 kilometers in 2018 to more than 171,000 kilometers, improving connectivity between major economic centers and previously underserved rural areas. Urban Development Urban renewal has become one of the most visible aspects of Ethiopia’s recent transformation. The Addis Ababa Corridor Development Project has reshaped large sections of the capital through road expansion, modern drainage systems, pedestrian walkways, cycling lanes, green spaces, and upgraded public facilities. Designed to improve mobility and urban livability, the project seeks to create a more efficient and interconnected city environment. The initiative has since expanded beyond Addis Ababa to more than 125 cities nationwide. Major urban centers such as Bahir Dar, Dessie, Kombolcha, and Debre Berhan have undertaken infrastructure upgrades and public space improvements, while Oromia Region has launched a long-term corridor development plan linking metropolitan areas with the growing Sheger City. Public attractions such as Unity Park, Friendship Park, and Entoto Park have further enhanced urban aesthetics and strengthened the tourism and hospitality sectors. Hence, urban transformation has become a defining feature of Ethiopia’s development agenda. Environmental Restoration The Green Legacy Initiative (GLI) has emerged as one of the largest environmental restoration programs in the world. Launched in 2019 to address deforestation, land degradation, and climate change, the campaign has mobilized millions of citizens each year in nationwide tree planting efforts. Ethiopia achieved international recognition by planting more than 714 million seedlings in a single day, while cumulative planting has surpassed 40 billion trees since the program began. The initiative is increasingly focused on improving seedling survival rates, restoring degraded ecosystems, and promoting climate resilient species. Alongside indigenous trees, farmers are encouraged to plant fruit trees and agroforestry crops that generate economic benefits while enhancing environmental sustainability. The initiative has become a central pillar of Ethiopia’s Climate Resilient Green Economy strategy. By expanding forest cover, protecting biodiversity, and improving watershed management, the program contributes to both environmental protection and agricultural sustainability. Agricultural Modernization Agriculture continues to play a central role in Ethiopia’s economy, supporting millions of livelihoods and contributing substantially to national output. One of the most significant achievements in recent years has been the expansion of domestic wheat production. Through large scale irrigation, improved seed varieties, mechanization, and cluster farming programs, annual wheat production increased from about 7 million metric tons in 2018 to more than 23 million metric tons. This progress has sharply reduced dependence on imported wheat and enabled Ethiopia to export surplus production to neighboring markets, saving valuable foreign exchange. The coffee sector has also achieved record performance. During the 2024/25 fiscal year, Ethiopia generated approximately 2.65 billion USD from coffee exports, the highest earnings in the country’s history. Export volumes reached nearly 470,000 metric tons, driven by strong demand from major markets including Saudi Arabia, Germany, the United States, and South Korea. Policy reforms that expanded market access and encouraged direct participation by producers have strengthened export competitiveness and increased returns for farmers. These gains support Ethiopia’s ambition of raising annual coffee export revenues to 4 billion USD in the coming years. Manufacturing Development Industrialization remains central to Ethiopia’s vision of building a diversified and export-oriented economy. Over the past decade, substantial investments have been made in industrial parks and Special Economic Zones designed to attract manufacturing investment and create employment opportunities. The Industrial Parks Development Corporation oversees major industrial hubs in Hawassa, Dire Dawa, Bole Lemi, Kilinto, Kombolcha, Adama, Jimma, and Bahir Dar, among others. These industrial zones have attracted investors from Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas, supporting industries ranging from textiles and apparel to pharmaceuticals, agro processing, leather products, and light manufacturing. They have created tens of thousands of jobs while contributing to export growth and technology transfer. By combining foreign investment, local entrepreneurship, renewable energy resources, and expanding industrial infrastructure, Ethiopia is laying the foundation for a more diversified economy capable of generating employment, increasing exports, and supporting long term economic transformation. Diplomacy and Continental Leadership As the host of the African Union (AU) headquarters, Ethiopia continues to occupy a central place in African diplomacy. Its strategic location, long history of statehood, and growing economic significance have enabled the country to play an active role in regional peace, security, and integration efforts. Over the years, Ethiopia has contributed to conflict mediation initiatives in the Horn of Africa, supported regional cooperation mechanisms, and promoted the principle of African solutions to African challenges through multilateral institutions. Ethiopia's diplomatic engagement is particularly evident within the AU that the country has consistently advocated for greater continental integration, infrastructure connectivity, and sustainable development under the framework of the AU's Agenda 2063. It has also positioned major national projects, including GERD, as contributions to Africa's broader development objectives by emphasizing renewable energy generation, regional power interconnection, and equitable utilization of shared resources. Beyond diplomacy, Ethiopia remains a significant contributor to regional peace and security. Ethiopian personnel have participated in various AU and United Nations (UN) peace support operations, reflecting the country's longstanding commitment to stability across the continent. These contributions have reinforced Ethiopia's reputation as an important stakeholder in efforts to address conflict, terrorism, and humanitarian crises in Africa. Ethiopia's international profile expanded further with its accession to the BRICS grouping in 2024. Membership provides access to new avenues of economic cooperation, investment opportunities, development financing, and trade partnerships with some of the world's largest emerging economies. The move also reflects the country's efforts to diversify its international partnerships while strengthening its voice within evolving global governance structures. Although Ethiopia continues to navigate complex regional dynamics and global geopolitical competition, its growing engagement in continental and international institutions has enhanced its diplomatic influence. Through its leadership within the AU, participation in peace and security initiatives, and expanding partnerships with emerging global powers, Ethiopia has strengthened its position as a key factor in shaping Africa's future and advancing its own long term development interests. Conclusion In conclusion, despite various media blackmailing and campaign against Ethiopia, the past eight years have been among the most consequential in Ethiopia’s modern history, marked by significant achievements and ambitious reforms. The country has undertaken wide ranging reforms and development initiatives that have reshaped key sectors of the economy and society. Major investments in infrastructure have expanded transportation networks and improved national connectivity. The Digital Ethiopia agenda has accelerated financial inclusion and digital transformation. Besides, the country has recorded substantial progress across infrastructure, agriculture, energy, technology, environmental protection, industrial development, and diplomacy. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize these achievements as it could provide a more complete understanding of a nation that continues to evolve, adapt, and strive toward a more prosperous and stable future. Ethiopia's story over the past eight years is therefore not solely one of challenges as those media have been disseminating but that of grave achievements, transformation, resilience, and the ongoing pursuit of national progress. Hence, we should not deny the undeniable gains on the ground and shouldn't allow minor challenges to overshadow the historic achievements that are transforming Ethiopia.

  Addis Ababa, June1, 2026 —As Africa’s second-most populous country and one of the continent’s most influential states, Ethiopia has long drawn close international attention whenever its citizens head to the polls, American political analyst Andrew Korybko told ENA. Ethiopia has entered the final hours before voting begins in its 7th General Election, with millions of citizens preparing to cast their ballots on June 1, 2026, in what many observers regard as a defining moment in the country’s democratic journey. Following weeks of political campaigning, public debates, and the legally mandated period of electoral silence, election materials have been successfully distributed to polling stations nationwide, paving the way for voting to commence across the country. According to Korybko, the significance of Ethiopia’s upcoming election extends far beyond its domestic political landscape. Given the country’s strategic position and influence, the outcome is expected to have important implications for the wider Horn of Africa and the broader international community. The analyst noted that the election is taking place against a complex national, regional, and global backdrop. Domestically, he expressed some concerns over the possibility of security challenges in northern Ethiopia. And he explained regionally, geopolitical rivalries and security tensions continue to shape strategic calculations, while globally, ongoing shifts in the international order have increased the importance of stability in key regional powers such as Ethiopia. “In such an environment, many voters are likely to prioritize continuity, security, and economic progress when making their electoral decisions,” Korybko observed. Recalled that Ethiopia has recorded notable democratic advances under the leadership of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. While acknowledging that no democratic system is without shortcomings, many point to expanded political participation, institutional reforms, and increased public engagement as indicators of progress. From this perspective, Korybko argued that Ethiopia’s ongoing political evolution could offer valuable lessons for other African nations pursuing democratic reform, modernization, and state-building. The analyst also suggested that foreign media narratives are unlikely to have a decisive impact on voter behavior inside Ethiopia. While major international outlets such as CNN, The Economist, and others have extensively covered the election, he believes their reporting primarily targets international audiences rather than Ethiopian voters. According to Korybko, most Ethiopians continue to rely on domestic media platforms and local-language sources for political information and election-related news, limiting the influence of external narratives on the electorate. Despite ongoing challenges, the analyst said many observers remain optimistic about Ethiopia’s long-term political and economic trajectory. He acknowledged that reform efforts have faced significant obstacles, particularly during the conflict that affected northern Ethiopia between 2020 and 2022. Nevertheless, he argued that a sustained period of peace could create favorable conditions for accelerated development, institutional strengthening, and deeper reforms. At the same time, Korybko emphasized that expectations should remain realistic, noting that meaningful political and institutional transformation requires time, stability, and sustained public commitment. “The stakes extend well beyond Ethiopia’s borders,” he said. As a major regional power, Ethiopia’s stability and prosperity are closely tied to the future of the Horn of Africa. Any resurgence of internal conflict or escalation of regional tensions could have far-reaching consequences for neighboring countries, regional trade, and collective security. For that reason, policymakers, diplomats, and observers across Africa and beyond continue to monitor developments in Ethiopia with considerable interest and regional prosperty. Beyond its strategic importance, Korybko highlighted Ethiopia’s unique place in African history. Widely regarded as a symbol of sovereignty, resilience, and anti-colonial resistance, Ethiopia has long inspired political movements throughout Africa and the Global South he stated. “Its experiences in democratic reform, peacebuilding, conflict resolution, and regional diplomacy offer valuable lessons that can be shared through diplomatic engagement, academic exchanges, policy forums, and international dialogue,” he said. As millions of Ethiopians prepare to cast their ballots, Korybko stressed that the election represents more than a routine political exercise. Rather, it is a pivotal moment that will help shape the future trajectory of one of Africa’s most consequential nations while sending important signals about governance, stability, and democratic development across the continent.

By Henok Tadele There is a familiar pattern in the way many Western media organizations report on Africa. When African nations collapse, they are headlines. When African nations rebuild, they are footnotes. When African states conduct elections amid challenges, the challenges become the story. When Western democracies face similar conditions, resilience becomes the story. A growing number of Western media narratives covering Ethiopia’s election—from CNN to The Economist and other international outlets, reflect this broader and familiar framing. At first glance, these reports appear to be straightforward election coverage. Yet beneath the polished language lies a recurring assumption: that Ethiopia’s seventh general election is not a democratic exercise but a “coronation.” The problem is not criticism. Democracies need criticism. The problem is selective storytelling and externally defined standards of legitimacy. A nation of more than 130 million people, preparing one of Africa’s largest electoral exercises, deserves to be examined through facts—not through a narrative written before the first ballot is cast. The Missing Ethiopia Readers of these reports may come away believing Ethiopia is a nation defined solely by conflict. Yet another Ethiopia exists. It is the Ethiopia that has spent the last several years rebuilding itself while simultaneously confronting war, drought, global economic turbulence, and the lingering effects of a pandemic. It is the Ethiopia constructing industrial parks, expanding digital infrastructure, liberalizing key sectors of its economy, launching a securities exchange, modernizing financial systems, planting billions of trees through the Green Legacy Initiative, and transforming major urban centers through ambitious corridor development projects. It is also the Ethiopia preparing one of the largest democratic exercises in Africa. This raises a legitimate question. Why now? Why is Ethiopia once again being portrayed primarily through the lens of crisis precisely at a moment when it is taking off in multiple directions—economic reform, infrastructure expansion, institutional modernization, and democratic participation? No serious observer would suggest that Ethiopia has solved all its problems. It has not. But neither can a nation of more than 135 million people be reduced to a single narrative of conflict and instability. Constructive criticism is essential. Selective criticism is something different. The real Ethiopia contains both challenges and achievements. Yet too often, international audiences are shown only one side of that story. Development Is Not a Social Media Filter Perhaps the most revealing phrase in these reports is the description of Addis Ababa’s transformation as a “social media-friendly narrative of progress.” The choice of words is telling. A narrative is a story. Infrastructure is a reality. Roads are not narratives. Parks are not narratives. Expanded airports, digital payment systems, industrial parks, and a stock exchange are not narratives. Neither are the billions of trees planted through the Green Legacy Initiative. These are measurable developments visible to citizens, investors, and visitors alike. The transformation taking place in Addis Ababa is not occurring on social media. It is occurring on the ground. Millions of residents use newly built roads, public spaces, and digital services every day. Major economic reforms, airport expansion projects, capital market development, and investment reforms are not public relations campaigns; they are policy decisions with real economic consequences. One may debate whether these reforms are sufficient or whether they benefit everyone equally. But questioning their existence is another matter entirely. Ethiopia’s development story is not complete, and serious challenges remain. Yet it is difficult to dismiss visible infrastructure, measurable economic reforms, and urban transformation as mere optics. These are not Instagram filters. They are realities experienced by millions of Ethiopians every day. Nor is Addis Ababa an exception; corridor development projects are reshaping major cities and towns across Ethiopia, improving urban mobility, public spaces, and infrastructure on a scale unprecedented in the country’s modern history. The Election They Forgot to Describe For all its skepticism, much of this coverage spends remarkably little time discussing the election itself. The scale of Ethiopia’s seventh general election is extraordinary by any standard. More than 54 million Ethiopians have registered to vote, up significantly from the approximately 38 million registered in the previous election. The addition of over 16 million new voters within a single electoral cycle reflects expanding political participation and makes this one of the largest electoral exercises ever conducted on the African continent. The election is being conducted with participation from 42 political parties and dozens of independent candidates. Altogether, more than 10,000 candidates are competing for seats in federal and regional institutions, giving voters a wide range of political choices. Equally significant is the role of civil society. More than 169 accredited civic organizations are engaged in voter education, while 55 domestic observer organizations have deployed over 64,000 observers nationwide. International observation missions from the African Union and IGAD are also present, adding further transparency to the process. These are not the characteristics of a political coronation. They are the characteristics of a large-scale democratic exercise involving millions of voters, thousands of candidates, and extensive observation mechanisms operating at national scale. Comparing the Seventh Election with the Past Democracy is not measured against perfection. It is measured against progress. A fair question is therefore not whether Ethiopia’s seventh general election is flawless, but whether it is improving compared to previous cycles. The answer is clearly yes. For decades, Ethiopian elections were criticized for limited competition, restricted civic participation, and weak institutional capacity. Today, political participation is broader, observation mechanisms are stronger, and electoral administration is more institutionalized. Even opposition voices quoted in these reports acknowledge increased competitiveness compared to earlier elections. If competition is expanding and participation is increasing, then Ethiopia is not moving backward. It is moving forward—unevenly, imperfectly, but forward nonetheless. The War They Discuss Without Context CNN repeatedly associates Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed with the Tigray conflict while devoting little attention to how the war began. History cannot be selectively edited. The conflict erupted following attacks on the Northern Command of the Ethiopian National Defense Force in November 2020. No serious discussion of the war can omit that reality. One may debate the government's response. One may criticize military decisions. One may question political choices. But journalism becomes advocacy when it removes the event that triggered the conflict itself. Complex wars require complex explanations. Simplistic villains may satisfy headlines, but they rarely satisfy history. Equally absent from the article is adequate recognition of the peace process that followed. The Pretoria Peace Agreement, brokered under African leadership, demonstrated that Africans could resolve African conflicts through dialogue and negotiation. Despite inevitable challenges in implementation, the agreement ended one of the deadliest conflicts in recent history and opened a pathway toward national reconciliation. That achievement deserves acknowledgment as well. A Curious Double Standard When countries such as India, Nigeria, Colombia, or Pakistan conduct elections while confronting security challenges, Western media often celebrate democratic resilience. When Ethiopia does the same, the election itself becomes suspect. Why? No country suspends democracy simply because security problems exist. In fact, democratic processes often become more important during periods of national difficulty. Ethiopia's decision to proceed with elections despite significant challenges should be viewed as an affirmation of constitutional governance, not evidence against it. The exclusion of some constituencies due to security concerns is not proof of electoral illegitimacy. It reflects the practical reality that elections require minimum conditions of safety and accessibility. Similar decisions have been made in democracies across the world when extraordinary circumstances prevent voting from taking place in specific locations. The Voices Missing from the Story The CNN article quotes opposition figures, exiled analysts, and former officials. Their perspectives deserve to be heard. But where are the ordinary Ethiopians? Where is the farmer voting for the first time? Where is the young woman serving as an election official? Where is the university graduate contesting local office? Where is the entrepreneur who believes economic reforms are creating new opportunities? Where are the millions of citizens who continue to engage with the democratic process despite the challenges facing their country? A democracy cannot be understood solely through the opinions of political elites. The ultimate judges of Ethiopia's future are not foreign commentators. They are Ethiopian citizens. Beyond the Narrative No serious observer would claim Ethiopia has solved all its problems. Conflict remains. Political disagreements remain. Economic pressures remain. Democratic institutions remain a work in progress. But none of these realities erase another reality. More than 54 million Ethiopians have registered to vote. Thousands of candidates are competing for office. Tens of thousands of domestic observers are monitoring the process. International observer missions are present. Civil society organizations are engaged. Electoral institutions are stronger than they were in previous decades. Political competition is broader than it was in previous eras. These are not signs of democratic collapse. They are signs of democratic evolution. Tomorrow, tens of millions of Ethiopians will participate in one of the largest elections on the African continent. They will cast their ballots not because their democracy is perfect, but because they believe their future should be decided through ballots rather than bullets. That is not a coronation. That is a choice. The tragedy of the CNN article is not that it criticizes Ethiopia. The tragedy is that it sees only Ethiopia's wounds and refuses to acknowledge its recovery. History will not judge this election by headlines written in distant newsrooms. History will judge it by whether Ethiopians continue expanding political participation, strengthening institutions, modernizing their economy, and resolving differences through constitutional means. That journey is far from complete. But it is underway. And that story deserves to be told too.

Addis Ababa, May 31, 2026 — Ethiopia is moving rapidly out of poverty toward the promised land of prosperity, according to Emeritus Professor Al Mariam. Emeritus Professor Alemayehu G. Mariam, widely known as Al Mariam, wrote: “There is no question Ethiopia is now marching fast out of the land of poverty into the promised land of prosperity." Citing the continued backing from international institutions, he said global partners are supporting Ethiopia’s homegrown economic reforms. The World Bank is assisting reforms aimed at transitioning Ethiopia to an inclusive, private-sector-led economy, while the IMF is providing financing linked to debt restructuring and market liberalization. The European Union also restored confidence in Ethiopia’s reform program, pointing to the resumption of direct budget support in April 2026 after a five-year suspension. Al Mariam further highlighted recent diplomatic economic engagement, including the signing of a “Bilateral Structured Dialogue (BSD) Framework” between Ethiopia and the United States. The framework is set to guide cooperation in three areas: economic prosperity and trade/investment, defense and security, and regional peace and stability, he added. He noted that Ethiopia’s Homegrown Economic Reform program, launched in 2019, has driven a shift from a largely state-led model toward a market-oriented and private-sector-led economy. The reform has included floating the birr, easing foreign exchange controls, and opening sectors such as banking, telecommunications, and real estate to foreign competition. On economic performance, export revenues have risen from under 3 billion USD to about 10 billion USD, supported by a reported 10.2 percent expansion in industrial production capacity. Ethiopia has generated nearly 15 billion USD in import-substitute goods over four years and pointed to strengthened performance in agriculture, mining, and manufacturing, with gold exports rising sharply to account for 42 percent of export revenue. In his article, the Emeritus Professor further noted that the completion of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) and additional major hydropower projects—along with other energy sources including solar, wind, thermal, and nuclear, are potentials to expand export earnings. He projected an estimate of about 1 billion USD annually from electricity exports once key facilities come online. Aviation and infrastructure ambitions are advancing, Al Mariam wrote, referencing reported earnings of nearly 8 billion USD in 2025 for Ethiopian Airlines, and ongoing work on the largest airport in Africa. Urban and security improvements in Addis Ababa, where major transformation efforts including the Corridor Development Project and Riverside Initiative, have resulted in wider roads, dedicated bus lanes, pedestrian and cycling routes, and new public amenities, he stated. Police adoption of advanced technology is contributing to safer streets and improved crime prevention. The Emeritus Professor finally emphasized the need for unity and national teamwork, stressing that Ethiopia’s progress depends on shared effort and integrity, and that prosperity will be achieved through collective action and fraternity.

Addis Ababa, May 31, 2026 — Ethiopia has entered the final hours before voting begins in its 7th General Election, with millions of citizens set to head to the polls on June 1, 2026, in what many regard as a significant moment in the country's democratic journey. Following weeks of political campaigning, public debates, and the legally mandated period of electoral silence, election materials have been successfully delivered to polling stations across the country, paving the way for voting to commence tomorrow. As election day approaches, the atmosphere has shifted noticeably. The energy of campaign rallies and political slogans has given way to a sense of quiet anticipation as voters prepare to make their choices at the ballot box. Across Ethiopia, from major cities to remote rural communities, electoral preparations have reached their final stage. Election officials, security personnel, observers, and polling staff are in place to facilitate what is expected to be one of the largest electoral exercises in Africa. The election is widely viewed as more than a routine political event. For Ethiopia, one of Africa's most populous and strategically significant nations, it represents an important institutional process that will shape the country's political landscape for years to come. The scale of the election is reflected in the numbers. More than 54 million registered voters are expected to participate, choosing among candidates representing 42 political parties. Over 10,000 candidates are contesting seats, while approximately 52,000 polling stations have been established nationwide to accommodate voters. With international observers on the ground and extensive coverage from both domestic and international media outlets, the election is attracting significant attention at home and abroad. Analysts describe it as one of the continent's most closely watched democratic exercises, given Ethiopia's regional influence and growing geopolitical importance. Voting is scheduled to begin at 6:00 a.m. on June 1, with polling stations across the country expected to open their doors simultaneously to millions of voters ready to cast their ballots and participate in shaping the nation's future.

By Selamawit Getachew As Ethiopia prepares for its seventh general election on June 1, 2026, international commentary often focuses narrowly on security challenges, neglecting the broader context and positive developments within the country. While global conflicts, ranging from regional wars to geopolitical tensions—create a turbulent backdrop, it is important to recognize that Ethiopia is still functioning effectively despite these pressures. Democracy should not be viewed solely as a final state that a country either “has” or “does not have,” especially when many nations facing war, censorship, and polarization still identify as democratic. Ethiopia, in particular, is a nation building institutions in a difficult era, evidenced by its expanding electoral participation, digital systems, and administrative capacity. Recent coverage tends to emphasize conflict, restrictions, and ruling party dominance, often overstretching concerns into narratives of collapse. However, the scale of voter registration—more than 54 million citizens, a 32% increase from 2021—and high turnout rates—historically above 80%—demonstrate a resilient civic engagement and institutional capacity. The presence of numerous political parties also indicates a pluralistic political landscape, contrary to the simplified ‘one-party’ narrative. Ethiopia’s ongoing infrastructure projects, digital governance, and regional influence, exemplified by the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, further highlight a nation actively shaping its future. The negative narratives are partly driven by geopolitical interests, as Ethiopia’s strategic importance in the Horn of Africa attracts external scrutiny and contestation. Despite external pressures, Ethiopia continues to build capacity and sustain its democratic processes, offering an important counterexample for Africa, where democracy is often portrayed as fragile. The 2026 election thus serves as a significant test of large-scale participation and institutional resilience, illustrating that even under internal and external strain, a country can expand civic engagement and uphold constitutional procedures. Ultimately, Ethiopia’s experience underscores that institutional growth and democratic participation are possible in challenging environments, making its election a vital reference point for the continent’s political development. The scale of civic and logistical mobilization demonstrates the magnitude of this national exercise. Over 54 million registered voters have claimed their democratic right across vast and geographically diverse territories. A total of 10,934 candidates are participating, forming a highly competitive field that reflects a broad spectrum of political thought. In addition, 42 political parties and 80 independent candidates are actively vying for legislative representation. Out of the 547 total seats in the House of People’s Representatives, 501 seats are being contested, with 2,198 candidates running for federal parliament and 8,736 competing for various Regional Council positions. These figures reflect a nation deeply committed to institutionalizing governance through the ballot box. They represent a clear assertion that political legitimacy must derive from the consent of the governed, rejecting the notion that power can be obtained through intimidation, violence, or armed coercion.

Addis Ababa, May 31, 2026 — In the 2026 Ethiopian general election that takes place tomorrow, Ethiopians have a clear choice: Terrorism or collective inclusive prosperity, according to Emeritus Professor Alemayehu G. Mariam, widely known as Al Mariam. In his recent article, Al Mariam argued that Ethiopia’s democratic direction is centered on citizens’ consent through voting—warning against the idea that political power can be achieved through violence. He contrasted ballot-based governance with the belief that “political power grows out of the barrel of a gun,” describing it as a dead end that leads to death and destruction. Emeritus Professor Al Mariam accused armed groups of conducting terrorism and violence against civilians and public institutions, attacking communities, and carrying out the destruction of services such as education and health facilities. The groups share common goals of using terror to seize political power while pursuing supremacist ethno-nationalist agendas, he noted. Al Mariam further criticized citizens who do not vote for surrendering their influence over outcomes such as access to healthcare, education, employment opportunities, and broader freedoms. He wrote: "Over the past months, some people have told me, 'I am not interested in politics. I don’t care. I mind my own business. "I am not sure if they are apolitical or suffering from political apathy. I am not sure if their apparent lack of interest or indifference is an outcome of their cynicism over political affiliations, elections, or disagreements over policy. "The fact is, such apathy or indifference carries a high price. Those who are not interested in politics, those who do not want to use the power of their ballot, are surrendering control of their lives to those who are interested. Those who vote will decide the standard of living, access to health care, education, and employment opportunities, and the rights and freedoms of those who are not interested in politics. " Al Mariam pointed out that the 2026 Ethiopian general election will serve as a referendum on Ethiopia’s path for the next five years—whether the country continues dealing with a legacy of violence and intimidation or moves forward through democratic governance, inclusive dialogue, and improved accountability and transparency. In the run-up to June 1, 2026, the election is shaping up the contest for seats and leadership as well as testing citizens in translating their consent into power through the ballot rather than through coercion. Furthermore, he cited Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), 1948, which states that government authority must be based on the “will of the people,” expressed through periodic and genuine elections by universal and equal suffrage conducted by secret vote or equivalent free procedures. For this election, more than 54 million voters are registered to select 501 representatives for seats at the House of the People’s Representatives.

Addis Ababa, May 31, 2026 —Ethiopia has now entered the final stretch of a historic democratic moment, the close of the mandatory electoral silence that follows weeks of intense campaigning, fierce debates, and competing visions from 42 political parties ahead of the June 1 General Election. In this brief pause, the noise of slogans has faded and the political streets have grown unusually quiet, not from apathy, but from anticipation. It is a silence filled with reflection—a national moment in which millions of citizens weigh promises against realities, and aspirations against experience. Across towns and villages, from early morning conversations to late-night thoughts, voters are no longer persuaded by speeches or rallies. Instead, they are guided by memory, judgment, and hope. And now, as dawn approaches, Ethiopia stands at the edge of decision. Tomorrow morning, millions will no longer speak in words or arguments, they will speak in ballots, shaping the country’s next chapter with a single, collective voice. Across Ethiopia’s vast geography, from bustling cities to remote rural communities — preparations for the country’s 7th General Election have reached final stage. What is unfolding is more than a routine electoral exercise. It is a defining institutional moment for one of Africa’s largest and most strategically significant nations. With more than 54 million registered voters expected to participate, the election, as pointed out by foreign observers, is one of the continent’s most consequential democratic process. It reflects not only political competition but also the growing operational maturity of Ethiopia’s electoral institutions. Ahead of the polls, the National Election Board of Ethiopia (NEBE) announced the successful completion of all logistical and operational preparations for the historic vote. NEBE Chairperson Melatwork Hailu stated that the Board has finalized every major phase of the electoral process, officially transitioning into the final implementation stage. According to the Board, Monday’s vote represents a substantial institutional advancement compared to previous electoral cycles, marked by broader political inclusion, improved technological systems, stronger administrative coordination, and expanded public participation. A closer examination of the electoral framework reveals a striking trajectory of institutional progress. Unlike previous elections, the 7th General Election has demonstrated higher levels of logistical readiness, digital modernization, media inclusivity, and regulatory sophistication. The process reflects a state institution that has evolved significantly in both organizational capacity and democratic administration. First Time Use of Digital Voter, Candidate Registration Systems One of the most notable transformations has been NEBE’s introduction of digital voter and candidate registration systems for the first time in Ethiopia’s electoral history. Through the “Mirchaye” (“My Election”) mobile application, citizens were able to register digitally using smartphones, while tablets distributed to polling officials enabled in-person registration nationwide in partnership with Ethio Telecom. The transition from paper-based systems to digital infrastructure significantly reduced bureaucratic delays, minimized logistical inefficiencies, and improved transparency. In addition, election materials, including sensitive ballots printed abroad under secure arrangements, have already been distributed across constituencies nationwide. Candidate registration, voter registration, and the establishment of special polling stations were all completed within the planned operational timeline. Civic organizations and election observers have described the digital transition as a major qualitative leap for Ethiopia’s electoral administration, helping modernize election management while expanding accessibility across geographically challenging regions. Wide Political and Media Space Another defining feature of the 7th General Election has been the unprecedented expansion of political participation and public debate. For the first time in Ethiopia’s history, NEBE directly organized and supervised nationwide political debates in collaboration with the Ethiopian News Agency (ENA). Under the initiative, 19 nationally broadcast debate forums were conducted in five languages across public and private media platforms. The debates brought together political parties, civil society representatives, academics, and university students to deliberate on key national issues. A total of 33 political parties participated in discussions covering 19 major policy areas, presenting competing visions and programs before the electorate. To ensure equitable political competition, NEBE also allocated free campaign airtime to political parties, including 782.5 hours of radio broadcasting, 520 hours of television airtime, and 576 newspaper columns. In parallel, more than 220,000 party representatives, 64 media institutions, and 1,814 journalists received accreditation to monitor and report on the election process. Voter Sovereignty and Institutional Neutrality As the country approaches election day, NEBE has introduced additional safeguards aimed at protecting voter independence and reinforcing public trust in the process. Following the conclusion of the nationwide debates, the Board officially declared the beginning of the electoral silence period — a mechanism designed to allow voters adequate time for reflection free from political pressure or last-minute campaigning. The Board has also strengthened its complaint-handling procedures by assigning independent, politically unaffiliated professionals to oversee electoral grievances and disputes. Domestic civic participation has similarly expanded. NEBE granted voter education licenses to 169 civil society organizations, with 114 receiving financial support from the Board. Observer accreditation was also issued to 55 domestic civil society organizations to enhance transparency and public oversight. These measures collectively indicate a broader institutional effort to reinforce electoral neutrality, accountability, and citizen confidence. Pan-African Partnership and Continental Confidence Beyond domestic preparations, the election has also attracted significant continental engagement, underscoring growing African ownership of democratic processes across the region. The African Union Election Observation Mission (AUEOM), led by former Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, deployed 73 short-term observers drawn from 37 African countries, with women comprising 61 percent of the mission. Similarly, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) Election Observation Mission — led by former Ugandan Vice President Speciosa Wandira-Kazibwe and former Speaker of Djibouti’s National Assembly Mohamed Ali Houmed — deployed regional experts to observe polling-day procedures and assess electoral compliance. Guided by continental democratic frameworks, including the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance, these missions reflect a broader continental commitment to supporting credible African-led democratic institutions. Their presence also signals growing regional confidence in Ethiopia’s electoral process and institutional capacity. A Defining Moment As Ethiopians prepare to vote on June 1, the country’s 7th General Election stands as more than a political contest. It represents a test of institutional endurance, democratic administration, and national coordination on a massive scale. The combination of expanded voter participation, digital modernization, broader political engagement, strengthened oversight mechanisms, and continental observation reflect a significant evolution in Ethiopia’s democratic architecture. With more than 54 million citizens registered to vote, the election is increasingly being viewed as a major indicator of the country’s institutional trajectory and a demonstration of how electoral systems in Africa can evolve through domestic reform, technological adaptation, and growing continental partnership.