Op-ed by Neway Tamiru July 9, 2026 (ENA) In his address to Parliament earlier this week, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, made a revealing assessment of the disquiet that perpetuates in the country’s northernmost region of Tigray, saying that the instigator is a foreign ilk. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s remarks vividly underscore the significance of the 2022 Pretoria Agreement as a landmark achievement in Ethiopia’s ongoing journey toward peace and stability. With lively and resolute language, he describes this accord as a “far-reaching, vital peace pact” that successfully brought together the victors and the vanquished at the negotiation table—a rare feat in a region often marred by conflict and division. Signed on November 2, 2022, in Pretoria, South Africa, and brokered by the African Union, the agreement marked the end of two tumultuous years of conflict in northern Ethiopia, offering a beacon of hope not only for Ethiopia but for the Horn of Africa as a whole. The Pretoria Agreement, officially titled the “Agreement for Lasting Peace through a Permanent Cessation of Hostilities,” was more than a mere diplomatic document; it was a testament to the power of dialogue and perseverance. PM Abiy emphasizes that the deal was “a price paid for the sake of bringing about durable peace and stability,” highlighting the sacrifices and diplomatic efforts that went into forging this historic peace. As the outgoing sixth legislature wraps up its final year, with new elections and a fresh parliament on the horizon, the Prime Minister’s reflections serve as a reminder of the strides Ethiopia has made in its turbulent path toward reconciliation. The agreement’s successful implementation is a testament to the resolve of Ethiopians and their leaders, committed to healing wounds inflicted by years of internal strife. One of the key achievements of the Pretoria Agreement, according to the Premier, is the establishment of the Interim Administration of Tigray region, a crucial step toward restoring governance and fostering peace within the region. The agreement also facilitated the rehabilitation of more than 60,000 internally displaced persons, a significant milestone that underscores the tangible benefits of peace for ordinary citizens. This process was carried out in line with the Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) drive—an ambitious effort to disarm combatants, reintegrate ex-fighters into civilian life, and promote stability. The successful demobilization of no fewer than 60,000 combatants, along with the release of many prisoners and detainees, exemplifies the concrete results that can be achieved through genuine dialogue and mutual understanding. Prime Minister Abiy underscores that the Pretoria Agreement was not just an ordinary negotiation, but a “major peace initiative” that produced “tangible results.” It created a forum where opposing sides—those who had been at war—sat together as equals, engaging in dialogue that prioritized reconciliation over conflict. The Blade, Haft and Woodcutter Yet, despite these positive strides, the situation in Tigray remains complex and challenging. Prime Minister Abiy uses a vivid metaphor to describe the ongoing tensions: comparing the situation to an axe, where “the blade moves as the haft moves, with the real mover being the woodcutter,” implying external influences are pulling the strings. The Prime Minister accuses foreign actors of meddling in Ethiopia’s internal affairs. He described the order takers as folks who have sent their children abroad and forced Tigrayans into dangerous roles. This metaphor vividly captures the external pressures and manipulations perceived by Ethiopia’s leadership, emphasizing that the internal faultlines is being exploited by outside forces seeking to destabilize the region permanently . Despite these challenges, PM Abiy remains steadfast in his government’s resolve to address the root causes of the conflict. He affirms that Ethiopia is aware of the underlying issues fueling tensions in Tigray and that decisive measures will be taken to find a lasting solution. His tone reflects a mix of resilience and optimism: Ethiopia, he suggests, is committed to overcoming external and internal obstacles to achieve peace and stability. Internationally, Ethiopia’s peace process has garnered support and concern. The United States, for example, has recently imposed visa restrictions targeting extremist leaders within the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) and their immediate families. Announced by the U.S. State Department, these sanctions are a response to actions that threaten to undermine the peace process and reignite conflict. The visa bans target individuals deemed responsible for obstructing peace and violating agreements, signaling strong international concern over ongoing violations—such as unilateral political control over Tigray, inflammatory rhetoric, militarization, and forced recruitment. The U.S. stance underscores the importance of adherence to the Pretoria Agreement and the need for accountability among all parties. Washington has made it clear that continued violations and warmongering will lead to further international isolation, reinforcing the message that peace in Ethiopia is a shared responsibility requiring genuine commitment from all stakeholders. The restrictions extend to immediate family members, emphasizing that peace efforts are delicate and must involve accountability at every level. In a nutshell, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s comments paint a picture of cautious optimism rooted in tangible achievements and a firm resolve to overcome ongoing challenges. The Pretoria Agreement stands as a testament to Ethiopia’s capacity for reconciliation and diplomacy, providing a foundation upon which the nation can build lasting peace. While external influences and internal tensions persist, Ethiopia’s leadership remains committed to resolving conflicts decisively, guided by the lessons of dialogue, resilience, and the unwavering hope for a peaceful future. The road ahead may still be fraught with difficulties, but Ethiopia’s journey toward stability, as articulated by Prime Minister Abiy, is a story of perseverance, diplomacy, and the unyielding spirit of its people.

Op-ed by Neway Tamiru July 8, 2026 (ENA) Every conflict leaves behind a lesson. Some are written in history books. Others are written in the lives of ordinary people. For Ethiopia, one lesson has become increasingly difficult to ignore- when one method of destabilizing the country fails, another quickly takes its place. Years ago, the remnants of the now-defunct TPLF relied on illegal gold trade, foreign currency manipulation and economic sabotage to weaken the Ethiopian state. But instead of embracing peace after the Pretoria Agreement, the group adopted an even darker strategy. The group is turning the youth of Tigray into the latest victims of its political survival. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed delivered that message with unusual clarity this week as he addressed the final session of the Fifth House of People's Representatives. His speech was not merely a review of the government's achievements. It was also a warning that the greatest tragedy unfolding in northern Ethiopia today is not being inflicted by outsiders, but by a criminal faction that continues to sacrifice the very people it claims to represent. "Worst of all, a vast number of youth of Tigray are currently being forcibly abducted and sold into the ongoing conflict in Sudan," the Prime Minister told Parliament. "In the Sudanese war, young Tigrayans are losing their lives in a conflict that does not concern them. As if the predicament within Ethiopia were not enough, the crisis has now spilled over into Sudan. Throughout all of this, the people of Tigray remain the primary victims." Those remarks captured a painful transformation. The organization that once financed itself through illicit economic networks has, according to the Prime Minister, reached a point where even its own youth have become commodities. Unable to regain political legitimacy, unwilling to pursue peace, and incapable of rebuilding public trust, the armed remnant has resorted to forced recruitment and the trafficking of young Tigrayans into a foreign war. It is a tragic descent that reflects not the interests of the people of Tigray, but the desperation of a leadership determined to survive at any cost. To explain why the cycle of conflict continues despite repeated peace efforts, the Prime Minister expressed it in metaphor calling it " axe and the woodcutter." "This metaphorical axe involves three distinct actors," he said. "The first actor is the sharpened iron head that does the actual cutting. The second actor is the wooden handle curved to fit into it. The third actor is the hand that wields the wooden handle to chop." He then identified each part of the metaphor. "The TPLF operates like the iron head of the axe. The wooden handle is akin to Shabya (the regime in Asmera). The primary commanders and interested parties are entirely separate entities. If we clash merely with the iron head of the axe, the conflict will persist as long as the handle remains; if we clash with the handle, we will still fail to secure lasting peace so long as the entity directing the handle exists." The Prime Minister's analogy echoed what several former senior TPLF figures have been saying for months. Aregawi Berhe, one of the original founding leaders of the TPLF, who later left the group, recently told ENA that the federal government had made genuine efforts to implement the Pretoria Peace Agreement, but the armed faction never intended to honor it. "The federal government was working hard to facilitate the peace process in that region," he said. "But the recipient of that effort was not up to any type of peace agreement." Instead, he argued, the group used the peace agreement as an opportunity to regroup. "They want to use the Pretoria peace process to gain time and to reorganize themselves to continue their ill-fated intentions." According to Aregawi, many veteran fighters eventually abandoned the organization because they saw no future under the current leadership. " Most of the old-generation army has left the organization because they see no future in this leadership," he said. To replace them, the faction increasingly turned to children. "They snatch kids as young as 13 and 14," he revealed, describing how desperate families have been sending their children across the Red Sea and through Sudan simply to escape forced recruitment. Professor Kindeya Gebrehiwot, who served as Cabinet Secretariat Head in the first Tigray Interim Regional Administration, has delivered a similar warning. He stressed that Ethiopians should never confuse the armed faction with the people of Tigray. " And this criminal group still continues to cause serious concerns that could lead to any confrontation," he said, adding that "this group cannot live without such a conflict." According to the professor, every opportunity for peace and recovery has been deliberately undermined. Successive interim administrations, including those led by Getachew Reda and later Lieutenant General Tadesse Werede—faced obstruction whenever they attempted to stabilize the region. "Whenever there is an opportunity to advance peace, recovery and institutional stability, they seek to create obstacles and maintain conditions of confrontation," he said. His warning regarding the region's youth was equally direct. "Many young people are rejecting the prospect of war. There is a growing sentiment throughout Tigray that another round of fighting would be catastrophic for the region." The Prime Minister illustrated that reality with a striking comparison. A Tigrayan living peacefully in Addis Ababa, Bahir Dar, Gondar, Dessie, Bishoftu, Adama, Arba Minch or Hawassa, he noted, enjoys greater personal freedom than many people currently living inside Tigray. "A Tigrayan living peacefully today in Dessie, Gondar, Bahir Dar, Addis Ababa, Bishoftu, Adama, Arba Minch, or Hawassa enjoys far greater peace and moves about with greater freedom, exempt from arbitrary roundups, than a Tigrayan currently residing within Tigray itself," he said. "They can go about their daily lives with much more tranquility than those in Tigray." His conclusion was sobering. "Citizens are being terrorized in their own localities, villages and by their own children. Fleeing from one's homeland has paradoxically become the surest way to find peace." Despite repeated provocations, the federal government has consistently chosen reconciliation over retaliation. Yesterday, the Prime Minister reminded Parliament that the federal government financed the disarmament and reintegration of more than 60,000 former combatants, restored telecommunications, banking, aviation and other public services, reopened transport links, and even refrained from confiscating assets belonging to former TPLF leaders. "These were assets we could have easily confiscated by fabricating simple pretexts, yet for the sake of peace, we preserved and restored them," he said. "It was not simply a matter of the government, having won, placing the defeated force before it to sign an agreement; rather, it was an attempt to capture the hearts of armed forces who were in distress, providing them with extensive support to demonstrate a steadfast commitment to peace." International concern has also been growing. The United States has imposed visa restrictions on hardline members of the Debretsion camp and their immediate family members. Former Interim Administration President Getachew Reda said the significance of the measure lies less in the travel restriction itself than in Washington's recognition of who bears responsibility for rising tensions. "The importance of the visa restriction doesn't lie in the restriction itself but in the fact that the U.S. government has put the blame for rising tension in Ethiopia on the DT (Debretsion) camp," he said. Human Rights Watch has likewise raised concerns over the June proclamation granting sweeping compulsory recruitment powers, warning that it mirrors some of the region's most abusive practices. Together, these developments point to an increasingly shared understanding that the greatest threat facing Tigray today does not come from its people, but from an armed faction that continues to place conflict above peace. Concluding his address, the Prime Minister said Ethiopia now understands where the cycle of instability originates and is prepared to defend the country's sovereignty against any future provocation. "As we are fully aware of the true source of destabilization to Ethiopia's peace, I wish to assure this honorable parliament that we are actively building the posture necessary to repel any provocation emanating from that source," he said. "I desire to confirm to you that we possess the full readiness and stature to defend against anything that threatens the unity and sovereignty of Ethiopia." The people of Tigray have endured years of conflict, displacement and hardship. They deserve recovery, stability and the chance to rebuild their lives. That future, however, depends on ending the politics that has repeatedly turned their suffering into a tool for someone else's ambitions.

By: Tewodros Habenom July 5, 2026 (ENA) As Ethiopia approaches July 15, the scheduled commencement of the National Dialogue Conference, the nation stands at a historic crossroads. Established in 2021 during a period of political turbulence, the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission was conceived as a vital response to a fundamental question: How can a nation fractured by deeply rooted historical grievances and civil conflicts build a stable, unified future? The answer chosen by Ethiopia is both bold and democratic — allowing the people to shape their own destiny. For decades, Ethiopia's political landscape was dominated by an elite-driven model, where peace agreements and social contracts were negotiated behind closed doors by political leaders. History has proven that these top-down settlements are inherently fragile. They manage immediate crises but fail to resolve the structural fault lines of society because they bypass the pulse of the population. The current national dialogue represents a decisive departure from this obsolete approach, positioning itself as the most viable alternative for sustainable peace by placing the sovereign will of ordinary citizens at the very center of the state-building process. To appreciate why this initiative stands as the definitive path forward, one must look beyond the opening ceremony of the conference to the expansive, multi-year process that built its foundation. Since 2021, the Commission has functioned as an independent, rigorous institution, stretching its reach across more than 1,200 administrative districts (Woredas) nationwide through extensive bottom-up consultations. This was not a superficial exercise in opinion polling, but an unprecedented effort to listen to communities that have long felt marginalized from national discourse. This extended preparatory phase allowed for a critical transition in the national consciousness. By engaging citizens in calm, structured consultations away from the immediate pressures of political polarization, the process has gradually cultivated a sustainable culture of dialogue. The years spent gathering agendas and conducting field investigations proved that the true ownership of this process are the Ethiopian public. The upcoming conference is therefore is the culmination of a massive, bottom-up movement where the questions to be debated were generated entirely by the people themselves. From Elite Monopoly to National Inclusion The core democratic strength of this dialogue lies in its success in breaking the historical monopoly of political elites over national decision-making. By moving directly to the grassroots, the Commission has ensured that the upcoming plenary reflects the true diversity of the Ethiopian social fabric. This commitment to total inclusivity was vividly demonstrated when Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission Chief Commissioner, Professor Mesfin Araya, announced the finalized national agendas. The composition of the participants shatters traditional political frameworks, bringing together influential traditional and religious leaders alongside youth advocates, women’s associations, and civil society organizations, among others. In this arena, the voice of a farmer or a pastoralist carries the same weight and structural legitimacy of an elite. This broad representation ensures that the outcome of the dialogue will possess a collective moral authority that is difficult to challenge, transforming transparency from a political slogan into a lived reality. Independent Management and Expert Briefings A critical factor that solidifies this dialogue as the nation's best alternative is the clear separation of powers governing its execution. The regulatory architecture ensures that the process remains entirely autonomous, meaning the role of the Ethiopian government is strictly limited to providing logistical facilitation, financial underwriting, and securing the venues to guarantee a safe, neutral space where ideas can be exchanged without fear or institutional pressure. To elevate the quality of the debates without manipulating the outcomes, the Commission has introduced specialized briefing sessions led by independent experts and researchers. The function of these scholars is strictly informational, aimed at equipping participants with empirical data and objective analytics regarding complex socio-economic and structural challenges. This intellectual support is designed to strip emotional polarization from the discussions, ensuring that when the delegates make their final choices, those choices are rational, informed, and entirely their own. The Core Pillars of New Social Contract The comprehensive roadmap guiding the upcoming deliberations is structured around core thematic pillars synthesized directly from the thousands of submissions gathered during the nationwide grassroots consultations. These pillars address the essential structural components required to stabilize and modernize the Ethiopian state, beginning with fundamental state-building to define shared symbols and collective identity, alongside resolving long-standing constitutional debates regarding federal structures and administrative systems. Furthermore, the dialogue will chart the socio-political dynamics of federal cities, protect institutional religious coexistence, and strengthen judicial independence and human rights protections. Crucially, the agenda balances these heavy constitutional questions with the daily livelihood concerns of rural and urban workers by focusing on the specific vulnerabilities of farmers and pastoralists, reforming public administration to ensure good governance, and designing comprehensive frameworks for sustainable peacebuilding and reconciliation. By integrating these lived realities with structural politics, the agendas prove that they are grounded in the real world and driven entirely by what the population deemed urgent. Institutionalizing Culture of Consensus Ultimately, the true legacy of the national dialogue will be measured by its ability to permanently transform Ethiopia’s political culture. For generations, political competition in the region has been trapped in a zero-sum, exclusionary logic. This dialogue offers a structural bridge toward a pluralistic, consensus-based model, which is a fundamental prerequisite for building a resilient state capable of navigating complex internal and external challenges. The ongoing, open-ended invitations extended by Chief Commissioner Mesfin Araya to boycotting factions and armed actors reinforce the principle that this initiative remains an inclusive national umbrella. It demands only one condition: a commitment to a peaceful, constructive path. Ethiopia’s future cannot be secured by force or dictated by a select few. It can only be sustained through a collective will that recognizes the nation as a shared responsibility. By entrusting the roadmap to its citizens, Ethiopia is proving that when the people are empowered to choose, they choose peace, stability, and mutual survival.

By staff writer Addis Ababa, July 5, 2026 (ENA) - Ethiopia concluded the week with notable progress across key sectors, driving its national development agenda. Tourism strengthened its position as a strategic pillar of economic transformation, coffee exports reached an unprecedented record, diplomatic engagement gained fresh momentum, and preparations for an inclusive national dialogue continued to advance. From Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's vision of tourism as a major engine of economic growth to record-breaking coffee export earnings, growing international recognition of Ethiopia's strategic importance, and sustained efforts to build national consensus through dialogue, the week's developments reflected a country steadily expanding the foundations of its economic growth, peace building, and international engagement. Tourism Central to Economic Transformation Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed placed tourism at the forefront of Ethiopia's development agenda this week, describing the sector as a new engine of the country's economic transformation. In an exclusive interview with the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC), the Prime Minister said Ethiopia is moving beyond simply recognizing its tourism potential toward systematically developing and promoting its rich historical, cultural, and natural attractions. He noted that although the country possesses exceptional tourism resources, limited promotion and inadequate destination development have long prevented the sector from realizing its full potential. The government's vision was further demonstrated later in the week when Prime Minister Abiy inspected the ongoing Chano–Chencha Road Project in Southern Ethiopia. The 29-kilometer road project, together with the recently renovated community-managed Dorze Lodge, reflects the government's integrated approach to infrastructure development and tourism promotion. According to the Prime Minister, improved road connectivity will facilitate travel, stimulate local businesses, expand tourism opportunities, and improve livelihoods while unlocking the area's vast environmental, cultural, and economic potential. He also encouraged Ethiopians, members of the diaspora, and international visitors to experience the region's unique natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Taken together, the Prime Minister's remarks and the infrastructure project underscored a broader policy direction. Tourism is increasingly being positioned not only as a cultural asset but also as a strategic pillar for employment creation, foreign exchange generation, and sustainable economic growth. Historic High of Coffee Exports Ethiopia also achieved a major milestone in its coffee sector, recording an unprecedented three billion U.S. dollars in coffee export earnings. The record reflects sustained efforts to increase productivity, improve quality, expand market access, and strengthen agricultural exports. As the country's leading export commodity, coffee continues to play a vital role in generating foreign exchange and supporting Ethiopia's broader economic transformation. Diplomats Highlight Ethiopia's Strategic Importance Growing international confidence in Ethiopia was another notable development during the week. Members of the diplomatic corps accredited to Addis Ababa described Ethiopia as an increasingly attractive destination for investment and trade, while recognizing its pivotal role in advancing peace, stability, and regional cooperation across the Horn of Africa. Their assessment reflected Ethiopia's expanding diplomatic engagement and its continuing importance as both a political and economic hub on the African continent. National Dialogue Advances Toward Consensus Efforts to strengthen national unity also continued to gain momentum. Chief Commissioner of the National Dialogue Commission, Yonas Adaye, described the National Dialogue as a significant step toward building national consensus and achieving lasting peace. Supporting that view, Emeritus Professor Alemayehu G. Mariam said the dialogue offers a vital pathway to peace, progress and prosperity, emphasizing that meaningful engagement provides an opportunity to resolve differences through consultation and mutual understanding. As preparations move forward, the National Dialogue remains one of Ethiopia's most significant national initiatives aimed at promoting reconciliation, strengthening democratic consensus, and laying the foundation for lasting stability. Diplomatic Community Joins GLI Environmental diplomacy also featured prominently during the week. Members of the diplomatic corps based in Addis Ababa participated in Ethiopia's Green Legacy tree planting campaign during their visit to Lalibela. Their participation highlighted growing international recognition of Ethiopia's flagship environmental initiative while strengthening cooperation on climate resilience, ecosystem restoration, and sustainable development. The event also showcased Lalibela's unique historical and cultural significance, demonstrating how environmental conservation and heritage tourism can complement one another. Defense Reform Continues On the security front, the Ethiopian National Defense Force announced that it is continuing comprehensive institutional reforms and modernization efforts to enhance its operational capacity. Field Marshal Birhanu Jula said the reforms are being implemented in response to an increasingly complex security environment, to strengthen professionalism, operational readiness, and the force's ability to address evolving national security challenges. The ongoing modernization reflects Ethiopia's broader commitment to building strong and capable institutions that can safeguard national sovereignty while adapting to changing regional and global security realities. A Week of Broad-Based Progress The week's developments reflected Ethiopia's continued efforts to diversify the drivers of its economic growth while strengthening institutions that support long-term national development. Tourism is emerging as a strategic pillar alongside agriculture and manufacturing. Coffee exports have reached a historic milestone, reinforcing Ethiopia's position in global markets. International partners continue to recognize the country's strategic role in regional peace, stability, and economic cooperation. At the same time, national dialogue is advancing efforts to foster consensus and reconciliation, while environmental and defense initiatives are reinforcing long-term national priorities. Taken together, these developments portray a country pursuing a broad-based development agenda that seeks to build a more competitive economy, stronger institutions, and a more resilient future.

By staff writer Addis Ababa, July 5, 2026 (ENA) — The closing days of June and the first week of July 2026 were marked by a convergence of political transitions, economic recalibrations, technological acceleration, and intensifying climate pressures, underscoring the growing interdependence of global systems. Leadership developments in the Middle East, shifting security dynamics in Europe, rapid expansion in artificial intelligence investment, volatile energy markets, record-breaking heatwaves across multiple continents, and the 250th anniversary of United States independence dominated international attention. Reports from international media indicate that geopolitical uncertainty continues to weigh heavily on financial markets, even as the global economy demonstrates greater resilience than earlier projections had suggested. Iran leadership transition International attention remained fixed on Iran as the country continued state mourning and funeral ceremonies for the late Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, scheduled to conclude on July 9. The transition is widely regarded as one of the most consequential political shifts in the Middle East in decades. Regional and global actors are closely monitoring signals from Tehran regarding policy continuity or potential strategic recalibration, particularly in relation to foreign relations, regional security posture, and nuclear diplomacy. According to Al Jazeera, the succession process could shape future nuclear negotiations and redefine Iran’s relations with Gulf states. Given Iran’s role as a major oil producer, analysts also caution that internal political changes could quickly reverberate through global energy markets. Regional stability Despite uncertainty surrounding Iran’s political future, diplomatic developments earlier in June, including a ceasefire memorandum between the United States and Iran, have helped ease immediate fears of wider regional escalation. Energy markets have responded with cautious stability, although traders continue to closely track developments in the Persian Gulf. The International Energy Agency has consistently identified geopolitical risk as a key driver of short-term oil price volatility. Market analysts warn that any breakdown in diplomatic engagement could rapidly reverse recent gains in market confidence, particularly given the strategic importance of shipping routes and crude exports through the region. Firm Economy amid inflation pressures The global economy entered the second half of 2026 on a more stable footing than expected, though inflationary pressures remain a central concern for policymakers. Data cited by the International Monetary Fund suggests that most advanced economies have managed to avoid recession despite persistent price increases. In the United States, financial markets increasingly expect the Federal Reserve to maintain current interest rates for the remainder of the year, pending clearer signs of sustained inflation decline. In Europe, Reuters reports that elevated energy costs continue to complicate efforts by the European Central Bank to stabilize inflation across the euro area. Global energy markets remain shaped by a delicate balance between geopolitical uncertainty and moderating demand trends. Although OPEC Plus has announced higher production targets, actual output in several member states has declined due to operational constraints. At the same time, weaker industrial activity in China has softened global demand, leaving inventories relatively stable. AI reshapes capital flows Artificial intelligence continues to redefine global investment patterns, with capital increasingly directed toward the infrastructure that underpins the technology rather than solely toward software applications. Bloomberg and CNBC report growing investor interest in semiconductor manufacturing, advanced chip design, data center expansion, and electricity supply networks. Firms such as NVIDIA and TSMC remain central to the sector’s expansion, though investor expectations have become more selective as markets demand clearer pathways to long-term profitability. The Economist describes the current phase as an “earnings verification” period, in which elevated valuations must be justified by sustainable financial returns rather than speculative growth projections. Climate Change Climate change emerged as one of the most visible global challenges of the week, as severe heatwaves affected Europe, North America and parts of Asia. Across Europe and the United Kingdom, successive heat events during May and June produced some of the highest temperatures ever recorded. The United Kingdom recorded a June peak of 37.7 degrees Celsius, while more than 170 weather stations registered their warmest June on record. Tropical nights, with temperatures remaining above 20 degrees Celsius, became increasingly frequent, heightening public health risks. Continental Europe experienced similar extremes. Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Austria, Hungary, and the Czech Republic all reported new temperature records, with some regions exceeding 40 degrees Celsius. Climate scientists attribute Europe’s accelerated warming to multiple factors, including melting ice cover, reduced air pollution allowing greater solar absorption, shifting atmospheric circulation, and unusually warm surrounding seas. Researchers warn that such extremes are likely to intensify without significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. The International Energy Agency has also highlighted rising electricity demand driven by increased cooling needs and the rapid expansion of AI data centers, placing additional strain on energy systems worldwide. Outlook The week’s developments highlight an international system defined by overlapping pressures and accelerating change. Political transitions in Iran continue to shape energy markets and regional security dynamics. Artificial intelligence is transforming industrial strategy while driving unprecedented demand for electricity infrastructure. At the same time, record-breaking heatwaves across multiple continents are intensifying concerns over climate resilience and public health preparedness. The United States’ 250th independence anniversary added a historic dimension to an already eventful week, blending national celebration with political debate and extreme weather conditions. As the global landscape evolves, policymakers face mounting pressure to manage economic stability, technological disruption, geopolitical risk, and climate adaptation in parallel.

By Staff Writer   June 29, 2026 (ENA) The past week underscored the increasingly interconnected challenges and opportunities defining today’s world. From intensifying climate extremes and renewed diplomatic efforts to persistent economic uncertainty, mounting humanitarian needs, rapid advances in artificial intelligence, and the unifying power of global sport, international developments continued to influence governments, businesses and societies alike. Climate Emergency Deepens Across Continents Climate change remained one of the world’s most pressing concerns as an unprecedented heatwave swept across much of Europe, triggering record-breaking temperatures, devastating wildfires, prolonged droughts, water shortages and mounting agricultural losses. Scientists warned that extreme weather events are becoming increasingly frequent and severe, placing growing pressure on healthcare systems, food security, energy infrastructure and water resources. The developments renewed calls for accelerated climate action, greater investment in adaptation measures and a faster transition toward clean energy to build more resilient economies. Diplomacy Presses On Despite Persistent Conflicts International diplomacy remained focused on reducing tensions in conflict-affected regions, particularly in the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Global and regional mediators intensified efforts to broker ceasefires, expand humanitarian access and revive political dialogue. Although significant breakthroughs remained elusive amid ongoing military confrontations and deep political divisions, diplomatic engagement continued to demonstrate the international community’s commitment to preventing further escalation. World leaders emphasized that sustained dialogue, confidence-building measures and multilateral cooperation remain indispensable for achieving lasting peace. Economic Outlook Remains Mixed Global economic uncertainty continued to dominate policy discussions as governments balanced easing inflation against persistent geopolitical risks and fragile supply chains. At the same time, investment in artificial intelligence, renewable energy and digital transformation continued to reshape industries and create new engines of economic growth. Nevertheless, concerns over rising public debt, trade disruptions, labour market adjustments and uneven global recovery continued to temper investor confidence and challenge policymakers. Humanitarian Needs Reach Critical Levels Humanitarian crises intensified across several regions as armed conflicts, climate-related disasters and displacement pushed millions of people into greater vulnerability. International aid organizations expanded emergency operations to provide food, healthcare, shelter and protection, yet warned that widening funding gaps are severely constraining relief efforts. Humanitarian agencies renewed appeals for stronger international solidarity and sustained financial commitments to prevent further deterioration in the world’s most fragile communities. Artificial Intelligence Reshapes the Global Policy Agenda Artificial intelligence remained at the forefront of international policy debates as governments and technology companies accelerated efforts to establish regulatory frameworks that encourage innovation while safeguarding public trust. Countries increasingly view AI as both a strategic economic asset and a cornerstone of future competitiveness. Discussions continued to focus on ethical governance, cybersecurity, data privacy, workforce transformation and the responsible deployment of emerging technologies in an increasingly digital world. Sport Continues to Unite the World Amid geopolitical tensions and economic uncertainty, the 2026 FIFA World Cup continued to offer moments of global celebration and shared optimism. Beyond the excitement on the field, the tournament stimulated tourism, hospitality, cultural exchange and commercial activity across the host nations, reaffirming sport’s unique ability to bridge cultures, strengthen international connections and inspire unity beyond borders. Looking Ahead This week’s developments highlighted the growing convergence of climate change, geopolitical tensions, economic transformation, humanitarian challenges and technological innovation. As these forces become increasingly intertwined, the coming weeks will test the international community’s capacity to strengthen multilateral cooperation, sustain economic resilience, advance peace initiatives, accelerate climate action and harness technological progress for inclusive, sustainable and shared global prosperity. In an era defined by interconnected risks and opportunities, the choices made today will shape not only national trajectories but also the future of global stability, development and cooperation.

By Staff Writer   June 28, 2026 (ENA) The fourth week of 2026 marked one of the most consequential periods in Ethiopia’s recent political and economic calendar. Three defining developments dominated the national agenda: the official conclusion of the country’s Seventh General Election, growing evidence that the Homegrown Economic Reform Agenda is translating into tangible results following the landmark Ethiopia Delivers National Summit, and renewed debate over regional security amid evolving geopolitical dynamics in the Horn of Africa. Taken together, these developments portray a country simultaneously consolidating its democratic institutions, advancing structural economic transformation, and navigating an increasingly complex regional security environment. They also underscore Ethiopia’s determination to strengthen national resilience while reinforcing its strategic position in one of Africa’s most geopolitically significant regions. Election Delivers a Renewed Political Mandate The National Election Board of Ethiopia (NEBE) officially announced the final results of Ethiopia’s Seventh General Election for both the House of People’s Representatives and Regional State Councils, confirming a decisive victory for the ruling Prosperity Party. Securing an overwhelming majority in both the federal parliament and regional councils, the Prosperity Party received a renewed public mandate to continue implementing its reform agenda.   Beyond determining political leadership, the election represented another milestone in Ethiopia’s evolving democratic journey. The peaceful conduct of the polls and broad citizen participation reinforced the importance of constitutional institutions and electoral processes in shaping the country’s political future. The election outcome also generated swift international recognition. Leaders from Malaysia, India, Burundi, Qatar, Pakistan, and several other partner nations extended congratulations to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and the Prosperity Party while reaffirming their commitment to strengthening bilateral cooperation with Ethiopia. China and Russia likewise welcomed the election outcome, reiterating their intention to deepen diplomatic and economic ties with the East African nation. Collectively, these responses reflected Ethiopia’s growing diplomatic relevance and the international community’s continued engagement with one of Africa’s most influential and strategically important countries. Economic Reforms Move from Policy to Performance Equally significant was the successful conclusion of the Ethiopia Delivers National Summit, held under the theme “From Reform to Lasting Change.” The summit offered perhaps the clearest evidence yet that Ethiopia’s Homegrown Economic Reform Agenda is moving beyond policy design into measurable economic outcomes.   Rather than highlighting isolated achievements, the summit presented a comprehensive picture of structural transformation, illustrating how reforms in public finance, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, infrastructure, digital technology, urban development, and investment promotion are reinforcing one another to build a more competitive, resilient, and diversified economy. Opening the summit, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed described the reform agenda as a long-term nation-building project rather than a series of short-term policy adjustments. Framing the reforms through the philosophy of Medemer, he emphasized that economic modernization, digital transformation, institutional reform, and social development are mutually reinforcing pillars of sustainable national progress.   Among the most notable achievements presented were the reduction of inflation from above 30 percent to single digits and projected economic growth of 10.2 percent for the current fiscal year—figures that position Ethiopia among Africa’s fastest-growing economies. The Prime Minister also highlighted the expanding role of the national digital identification system, FAYDA, in widening financial inclusion, improving public service delivery, and unlocking economic opportunities for millions of Ethiopians. Complementing the Prime Minister’s address, senior government officials detailed ongoing fiscal, monetary, investment, and sectoral reforms that are strengthening macroeconomic stability while expanding productive capacity across strategic sectors. Collectively, the summit reinforced growing confidence that Ethiopia’s reform agenda is steadily evolving from ambitious policy commitments into tangible economic transformation. National Dialogue Advances Toward Inclusive Consensus Another significant milestone during the week came from the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), which officially unveiled the eight thematic agenda pillars that will guide the country’s forthcoming national consultation forum.   Developed through years of nationwide consultations and one of the most extensive public engagement processes in Ethiopia’s history, the framework provides a structured roadmap for addressing long-standing political, social, governance, and historical questions through inclusive, peaceful, and nationally owned dialogue. The announcement marks an important step toward institutionalizing consensus-building and creating an inclusive platform for addressing issues central to Ethiopia’s long-term stability and national cohesion. Security Concerns Continue to Shape Regional Dynamics While political and economic developments projected confidence, regional security remained a defining feature of the week’s national discourse. Addressing a national security conference organized by the Ethiopian National Defense College in Addis Ababa, East African Affairs Advisor to the Prime Minister, Getachew Reda, argued that the Eritrean regime continues to pursue a long-standing strategic objective of weakening Ethiopia.   According to the advisor, Eritrea’s security calculations have historically been closely linked to Ethiopia’s internal stability. A peaceful, united, and economically prosperous Ethiopia, he argued, fundamentally challenges the strategic assumptions upon which the Eritrean regime has long depended. His remarks added fresh momentum to ongoing discussions surrounding regional security and the evolving geopolitical landscape of the Horn of Africa. Similar concerns were echoed by the Eritrean opposition movement known as the Green Revolution. In an interview with ENA, the movement’s chairman, Mohammed Ahmed Asenai, described the Eritrean government as a principal source of instability across the region. According to Asenai, the regime has historically prolonged its rule by exploiting regional conflicts and supporting armed groups throughout the Horn of Africa. He argued that achieving lasting regional peace will ultimately require addressing Eritrea’s internal political crisis alongside broader regional peace-building efforts.   The convergence of these perspectives from both Ethiopian officials and Eritrean opposition figures has intensified debate over the future security architecture of the Horn of Africa and the importance of addressing the structural drivers of regional instability. The Bigger Picture Taken together, this week’s developments illustrate three defining priorities shaping Ethiopia’s national trajectory: democratic consolidation, structural economic transformation, and national security. The official election results have provided renewed political legitimacy for the government’s reform agenda. The Ethiopia Delivers National Summit demonstrated that comprehensive economic reforms are increasingly translating into measurable gains in macroeconomic stability, investment, and institutional modernization. At the same time, progress in the National Dialogue process signals a growing commitment to resolving long-standing national questions through peaceful and inclusive consultation, while ongoing security discussions underscore the importance of protecting these gains within an increasingly complex regional environment. As Ethiopia advances its ambitious development agenda, the interaction between democratic governance, economic reform, national dialogue, and regional security will continue to shape the country’s future. The fourth week of 2026 demonstrated that these are not separate national conversations, but interconnected pillars supporting Ethiopia’s broader pursuit of lasting peace, sustainable prosperity, and strategic stability.

Op-ed by Neway Tamiru June 28,2026 (ENA) The peace established by the Pretoria Peace Agreement is facing one of its most serious tests since the guns fell silent in northern Ethiopia. Increasingly, governments, international human rights organizations, former TPLF leaders, and regional observers are converging on a single and urgent conclusion: sustained global pressure on hardline elements of the defunct Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) is essential to prevent a return to full-scale war in northern Ethiopia. This is the central reason why international attention is intensifying. Without continued diplomatic, political, and legal pressure, there is growing concern that renewed militarization, forced recruitment, and escalating tensions in Tigray region could unravel the Pretoria Agreement and plunge the region back into catastrophic conflict. What was once regarded largely as an internal political challenge has now become a matter of widening international concern. The emerging global response reflects more than routine diplomatic engagement. It signals a recognition that instability in northern Ethiopia carries serious implications for peace across the Horn of Africa. From the United States’ decision to impose targeted visa restrictions on hardline TPLF members and their families to Human Rights Watch’s strong condemnation of alleged forced conscription in Tigray, the international message is increasingly unified. And those undermining the peace process must face sustained accountability and pressure. This convergence is important for one key reason: it reflects a shift from passive observation to active prevention. The international community is no longer only documenting the consequences of conflict; it is increasingly identifying the actors and actions that could trigger another war. The Risk of Renewed Militarization Among the clearest warnings comes from Human Rights Watch, which has urged the defunct TPLF members currently exercising control in Tigray to immediately revoke a proclamation issued in early June 2026 granting sweeping powers for compulsory military recruitment. The organization warned that the measure bears troubling similarities to Eritrea’s system of indefinite national service, raising serious concerns about coercion at a time when communities remain deeply traumatized by the 2020–2022 war. “The people of Tigray are still reeling from a devastating two-year conflict and its aftermath,” said Laetitia Bader, Deputy Africa Director at Human Rights Watch. Rather than deepening coercive measures, she stressed that authorities should prioritize protecting civilians from renewed violence. The organization further reported allegations of door-to-door recruitment, forced mobilization of former fighters, and the detention or punishment of families resisting conscription, including minors. These developments, if unchecked, risk creating a climate of fear and renewed displacement. This is precisely why sustained international pressure matters: to prevent coercive practices from becoming the trigger for another cycle of violence.   Washington’s Position and the Shift Toward Accountability The United States has reinforced this concern through targeted visa restrictions against hardline members of the TPLF and their immediate families under Section 212(a)(3)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality Act. More importantly, Washington has explicitly linked rising tensions in northern Ethiopia to actions by hardline actors within the TPLF, warning that such behavior threatens to reignite conflict and destabilize the region. The U.S. also referenced renewed clashes between a self-proclaimed Tigray Defense Forces and the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF), describing them as a dangerous signal of potential relapse into war. By pledging to use “all available tools” to hold accountable those undermining peace, Washington has effectively reinforced a core principle that peace agreements require enforcement, not just signatures. Domestic Warnings Reinforce the International Alarm Ethiopian political figures and former TPLF officials have echoed similar concerns. Professor Kindeya Gebrehiwot, Head of the Cabinet Secretariat of the first Tigray Interim Regional Administration warned that the removal of the federally appointed interim administration risks destabilizing northern Ethiopia once again. He emphasized that growing resistance within Tigray itself reflects widespread exhaustion with war and a strong preference for peaceful resolution. He further raised concern over reports of forced recruitment and stated that many young people are rejecting renewed mobilization, viewing another war as catastrophic. Similarly, Aregawi Berhe, founding chairman and former TPLF leader, argued that federal efforts to stabilize the region through the Pretoria Agreement were not matched by equivalent commitment from hardline elements. He warned that some actors viewed the agreement not as a peace framework but as an opportunity to reorganize militarily. Former President of the Tigray Interim Administration Getachew Reda similarly argued that the real significance of the recent U.S. visa restrictions lies not in the sanctions themselves but in Washington’s attribution of responsibility for rising tensions. According to Getachew, the United States has effectively identified the Debretsion Gebremichael-led faction of the TPLF as the principal driver of the current instability. “The importance of the visa restriction doesn’t lie in the restriction itself but in the fact that the U.S. government has put the blame for rising tension in Ethiopia on the DT camp,” he stated. He further argued that Washington’s decision serves as an implicit warning to external actors allegedly cooperating with hardline TPLF elements. Additional concerns have also been raised by Ethiopia’s National Security Adviser Redwan Hussien, who, in a joint commentary with Getachew Reda published by Al Jazeera, argued that hardline TPLF elements have used the Pretoria Agreement as an opportunity to reorganize militarily. According to their assessment, another conflict would extend well beyond northern Ethiopia, threatening peace and stability throughout the Horn of Africa. Perhaps the most disturbing allegations come from Aregawi Berhe regarding the continued recruitment of children. He alleged that many veteran fighters have abandoned the organization after losing confidence in its leadership, forcing the hardline faction to recruit new combatants. “They snatch kids as young as 13 and 14,” he claimed, adding that numerous families have sent their children to other parts of Ethiopia or abroad to escape forced recruitment. Those allegations closely mirror concerns documented by Human Rights Watch regarding coercive mobilization and growing displacement. In conclusion, taken together, the positions of Human Rights Watch, the United States government, former TPLF leaders, former officials of the Tigray Interim Administration, and Ethiopian security officials reveal a remarkable convergence. Viewed collectively, they point toward a single conclusion: renewed militarization, the defunct TPLF’s coercive recruitment, and efforts to undermine the Pretoria Peace Agreement threaten not only northern Ethiopia but also the security architecture of the entire Horn of Africa. The growing international pressure therefore represents far more than isolated diplomatic measures or human rights criticism. It reflects an emerging global determination to preserve the peace secured through Pretoria by increasing political, diplomatic, and legal pressure on those accused of preparing for renewed conflict. Particularly, the madness defunct TPLF has to be stopped immediately. In that regard, preventing another catastrophe will require sustained international vigilance, firm diplomatic engagement, and unequivocal support for peaceful political dialogue. The lesson of the past is unmistakable: complacency carries an enormous human cost. The lesson of the present is equally clear: preserving peace demands collective resolve before—not after—the next conflict begins. The growing international pressure against the belligerent TPLF is therefore not symbolic. It is preventative. It reflects an emerging global understanding that the cost of inaction in northern Ethiopia would be measured not only in political instability but in human suffering on a massive scale. Therefore, global pressure on the defunct TPLF must continue precisely because peace is not yet secure and because preventing the next war is far less costly than responding to it.

By Yordanos D.   June 28, 2026 (ENA) As climate change accelerates and environmental degradation intensifies across the globe, the search for practical, scalable solutions has never been more urgent. Forests continue to disappear at alarming rates, fertile soils are being depleted, biodiversity is under unprecedented pressure, and increasingly severe droughts, floods, and extreme weather events are threatening food systems and livelihoods on every continent. For many developing countries, balancing economic growth with environmental protection remains one of the greatest policy challenges of the century. Ethiopia, however, is charting a different course—demonstrating that restoring nature and advancing sustainable development can go hand in hand. Through the Green Legacy Initiative (GLI), launched in 2019, Ethiopia has transformed ecological restoration into a national development agenda. What began as a nationwide tree-planting campaign has evolved into one of the world’s largest environmental restoration movements. Evidently, GLI is helping the East African nation accelerate the integration of afforestation, watershed rehabilitation, biodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, and climate resilience into a single, long-term development strategy. By placing environmental stewardship at the center of national development, Ethiopia is demonstrating that restoring degraded landscapes can simultaneously strengthen food security, create economic opportunities, improve climate resilience, and safeguard natural resources for future generations. The initiative has increasingly attracted international attention.   This recognition stems not simply from the extraordinary number of trees planted, but from the initiative’s holistic approach, which brings together science, sound policy, and unprecedented public participation. According to official figures, Ethiopia planted nearly 50 billion tree seedlings between 2019 and 2025. The 2026 Green Legacy campaign aims to add anotherc8 billion seedlings, bringing the cumulative total to well over 58 billion. Beyond the impressive numbers, government reports indicate that survival rates have steadily improved through better species selection, expanded watershed rehabilitation, stronger community ownership, and improved post-planting management—highlighting a growing emphasis on quality alongside quantity. The initiative also aligns closely with Ethiopia’s Climate-Resilient Green Economy Strategy, the African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative (AFR100), the Paris Agreement, and the Bonn Challenge, positioning the country as an active contributor to global climate action. Protecting an Extraordinary Natural Heritage Ethiopia is among Africa’s most ecologically diverse countries. Home to more than 6,500 species of flowering plants, approximately 12 percent of them endemic. The country also provides sanctuary for some of the world’s most iconic wildlife, including the Ethiopian wolf, Walia ibex, Gelada baboon, Mountain Nyala, Swayne’s hartebeest, and hundreds of endemic bird species. Its twelve major river basins—including the Blue Nile, Awash, Omo, Baro-Akobo, Genale-Dawa, Wabi Shebelle, Rift Valley Lakes, Mereb, and Tekeze—support agriculture, hydropower generation, industry, and the livelihoods of more than 130 million people. Moreover, Ethiopia’s highlands supply water that sustains millions of people well beyond its national borders, making the country’s environmental health a regional concern. Yet this remarkable natural heritage has faced decades of mounting pressure.   Rapid population growth, agricultural expansion, deforestation, overgrazing, illegal logging, unsustainable fuelwood extraction, and the growing impacts of climate change have significantly degraded forests, watersheds, and fertile landscapes. Forest cover, estimated at nearly 40 percent at the beginning of the twentieth century, had fallen below 15 percent by the early 2000s. Each year, an estimated 1.5 billion tons of fertile topsoil are lost to erosion, reducing agricultural productivity, increasing flood risks, degrading water resources, and imposing enormous economic costs. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), land degradation remains one of Ethiopia’s most serious environmental challenges, affecting millions of hectares of productive land and posing long-term risks to food security and rural livelihoods. More Than a Tree-Planting Campaign Recognizing the scale of these challenges, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed launched the Green Legacy Initiative with a vision extending far beyond planting trees.   Rather than treating afforestation as an isolated environmental activity, Ethiopia adopted an integrated landscape restoration model that combines reforestation, watershed rehabilitation, biodiversity conservation, climate adaptation, sustainable agriculture, urban greening, and ecosystem restoration. Thousands of nurseries now produce indigenous tree species alongside coffee seedlings, bamboo, fruit trees, avocado, medicinal plants, fodder crops, and other economically valuable species suited to Ethiopia’s diverse ecological zones. Equally important has been the expansion of soil and water conservation measures. Terraces, stone bunds, check dams, hillside closures, and watershed rehabilitation programs have reduced erosion, restored springs, improved groundwater recharge, and significantly increased seedling survival. Across many previously degraded landscapes, these interventions are helping revive ecosystems while restoring agricultural productivity. The initiative has also promoted agroforestry, enabling farmers to integrate trees with crops and livestock. This diversified farming approach improves soil fertility, conserves moisture, increases crop yields, generates additional household income, and enhances resilience against recurring droughts.   A Nationwide Environmental Movement Perhaps the Green Legacy Initiative’s greatest achievement lies not only in its environmental outcomes but in its ability to mobilize an entire nation. Every rainy season, millions of Ethiopians—including farmers, students, civil servants, youth groups, religious institutions, businesses, security forces, development partners, and local communities—join coordinated tree-planting campaigns across the country. Few environmental programs anywhere in the world have generated such sustained levels of public participation. Environmental restoration has increasingly become a shared civic responsibility rather than solely a government program. Schools, universities, public institutions, and private companies have incorporated environmental conservation into their annual activities, fostering a new generation of environmental stewardship. The initiative has also created employment opportunities through nursery development, forest management, watershed rehabilitation, and community-based conservation, while supporting more sustainable rural livelihoods. Strengthening Climate Resilience The benefits of Green Legacy extend well beyond expanding forest cover. Healthy forests absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide, helping mitigate climate change while improving local rainfall patterns, stabilizing soils, protecting watersheds, conserving biodiversity, reducing flood risks, and improving water quality. These ecosystem services strengthen both environmental sustainability and economic resilience. The initiative also directly contributes to several Sustainable Development Goals, including climate action, life on land, clean water and sanitation, food security, poverty reduction, and sustainable cities. By protecting forests and wildlife habitats, Green Legacy is also enhancing Ethiopia’s growing ecotourism potential while preserving landscapes of exceptional ecological and cultural value.   From National Vision to Global Inspiration The Green Legacy Initiative has increasingly drawn international recognition not only because of its unprecedented scale but also because of its integrated restoration model. Environmental experts, development partners, and international organizations increasingly point to Ethiopia as an example of how strong political leadership, scientific planning, and broad public participation can accelerate landscape restoration. Beyond planting tens of billions of seedlings, Ethiopia has rehabilitated millions of hectares of degraded land, restored critical watersheds, expanded urban green spaces, and strengthened ecosystem services essential for agriculture, water security, and climate resilience. Certainly, important challenges remain. Protecting restored forests, preventing illegal logging, strengthening community ownership, maintaining high seedling survival rates, and adapting to increasingly unpredictable climate conditions will require sustained commitment and continued investment. Nevertheless, the initiative demonstrates that large-scale ecological restoration is not only technically achievable but also economically beneficial. At a time when climate change is increasingly threatening livelihoods across continents, Ethiopia offers an important reminder that environmental restoration can serve as a powerful engine for sustainable development rather than an obstacle to economic growth.   Investing in the Future The Green Legacy Initiative represents far more than an ambitious tree-planting campaign. It reflects Ethiopia’s long-term commitment to restoring degraded ecosystems while building a climate-resilient, environmentally sustainable, and economically stronger future. Through strategic planning, scientific management, sustained political leadership, and the active participation of millions of citizens, the initiative has helped reverse land degradation, restore watersheds, expand forest cover, strengthen biodiversity conservation, and improve rural livelihoods. Although continued investment and long-term stewardship remain essential, the progress achieved over the past several years demonstrates that large-scale ecological restoration is both possible and transformative. As nations around the world search for effective responses to the climate crisis, Ethiopia’s Green Legacy Initiative offers a compelling lesson: restoring nature is not simply an environmental obligation. It is an investment in economic resilience, human well-being, and a more sustainable future for generations to come.

By Staff Writer June 26, 2026 (ENA) For decades, Ethiopia's economy has been defined as much by its immense potential as by the structural constraints that limited its realization. Rapid population growth, recurrent external shocks, inflationary pressures, infrastructure bottlenecks, and foreign exchange shortages repeatedly tested the country's economic resilience. Today, Ethiopia is pursuing a fundamentally different path. It is being built on comprehensive structural reform, institutional modernization, productive investment, and sustainable economic transformation. The recently concluded "Ethiopia Delivers" National Summit, held under the theme "From Reform to Lasting Change," offered perhaps the clearest picture yet of how the government's Homegrown Economic Reform Agenda is evolving from policy design into measurable economic outcomes. Rather than presenting isolated achievements, the summit demonstrated how reforms across finance, agriculture, mining, infrastructure, digital technology, and urban development are increasingly functioning as interconnected pillars of a long-term national transformation. Opening the summit, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed delivered a definitive address framing Ethiopia's comprehensive overhaul not as a series of short-term adjustments, but as a profound, continuous effort toward cross-generational nation-building. Linking current structural transitions to the nation's historical resilience, the Prime Minister introduced the core philosophy of Medemer, illustrating how economic reform, digital transformation, and social protection reinforce one another rather than competing. He highlighted monumental economic milestones, noting that inflation has been successfully curbed from over 30 percent down to single digits, while the economy projects a commanding 10.2 percent growth rate this fiscal year—positioning Ethiopia as the fastest-growing economy on the continent. Grounding these macroeconomic achievements in human-centered development, he pointed to the national digital ID system, FAYDA, as a tool expanding financial inclusion and building trust for grassroots entrepreneurs. He urged all citizens to internalize a deep sense of collective responsibility to safeguard this progress, calling upon the current generation to fortify the nation's foundations and actualize Ethiopia's mansarat—the country's definitive leap into the future. Detailing the sweeping monetary and fiscal transformations that anchor this growth, National Bank of Ethiopia Governor Eyob Tekalign outlined the milestones that have successfully restored national macroeconomic stability. He detailed Ethiopia's economic reform journey over the last eight years, focusing on the foundational Homegrown Economic Reform agenda designed to restore macroeconomic stability and fuel structural transformation. A pivotal element of this overhaul is the decisive shift from quantity controls to price anchors, prioritizing long-term price stability as a core central bank mission. To enforce strict fiscal discipline, the government has entirely avoided external commercial loans for nearly a decade, successfully reversed the downward trend in the tax-to-GDP ratio, and drastically minimized the primary budget deficit. This fiscal restraint is coupled with historic monetary reforms, including the termination of direct central bank financing of the state budget and the successful transition toward a market-based exchange rate framework. Parallel to macroeconomic stabilization, the modernization of the financial ecosystem stands out as a major milestone of the reform era. The central bank has been structurally re-engineered to operate with heightened independence and transparency, while a major institutional void was filled with the historic establishment of the Ethiopian Securities Exchange. This revitalization has catalyzed the broader banking sector, which has registered significant growth and a strategic pivot toward robust private sector lending. This financial modernization has directly accelerated the digital economy, evidenced by an unprecedented surge in mobile money and digital transactions, which recorded an astounding 24.2 trillion ETB in the first nine months of the current fiscal year alone. These systemic interventions have successfully triggered a profound sectoral transformation across the real economy. In agriculture, a deliberate shift from subsistence farming to large-scale commercialization has yielded record production volumes and a subsequent decline in relief dependency. Remarkably, for the first time in the nation's history, the industrial sector's contribution to the gross domestic product has surpassed both agriculture and services, signaling a structural rebalancing of the economic base. Ultimately, Eyob emphasized that these achievements represent a purposeful, interconnected overhaul that has instilled deep resilience within the Ethiopian economy, setting the nation on an irreversible trajectory toward a highly diversified, sustainable, and prosperous future. In the sovereign investment sphere, Brook Taye, the Chief Executive Officer of Ethiopian Investment Holdings, outlined a fundamental shift in the nation's approach to infrastructure development. Moving away from past models that suffered from poor sequencing, unsustainable debt, and a lack of commercial logic, the current reform government is implementing a disciplined framework focused on productivity and institutional integrity. This new direction is deeply informed by historical lessons, stretching from the narrow inclusion of the imperial era to the unincentivized, conflict-disrupted expansions of the Derg regime. It specifically addresses the challenges of the EPRDF administration, where rapid, state-led expansion created a high-risk debt burden and jobless growth, leaving massive sugar factories and rail initiatives incomplete or underutilized. To rectify these historical imbalances, Brook identified eight governing principles that now strictly guide infrastructure delivery in Ethiopia. The framework prioritizes continuity by protecting and scaling proven successes like Ethiopian Airlines based on evidence rather than ideology, while emphasizing multi-sector architecture and strict design discipline to define project goals before construction begins. Delivery is further enhanced through innovative Public-People Partnerships—as demonstrated by the sweeping campaign to plant 48 billion seedlings—while strategic sequencing ensures revenue-generating projects are prioritized first to minimize debt. Furthermore, the strategy mandates financing discipline by matching budgetary or commercial capital to the specific nature of each asset, utilizes strategic anchor investments to achieve a multiplier effect, and positions Ethiopian Investment Holdings as the ultimate institutional vehicle to build generational wealth. Looking ahead, the presentation underscored Ethiopia's ambition to reach economic escape velocity through five strategic pillars: clean energy, construction, digital expansion, regional connectivity across air, rail, and sea, and green technology. By transitioning to this highly disciplined matrix of institutional integrity and precise asset management, the country aims to transform its infrastructure into a genuine catalyst that will propel the nation into a significantly higher threshold of economic growth and long-term productivity. Representing the extractives sector, in a comprehensive historical review and future outlook, Hanna Berhanu, State Minister at the Ministry of Mines, outlined a profound structural evolution within Ethiopia’s mining and petroleum sector. Tracing the industry's trajectory, the presentation contrasted the pre-1974 era of narrow foreign concessions and the Derg's centralized, conflict-hindered state ownership with the subsequent EPRDF administration, which liberalized the sector to attract international capital but left lingering challenges of informality. Under the current reform era, the government has enacted a deliberate paradigm shift to transform geological potential into tangible economic results, elevating the mining sector into a strategic cornerstone of the national economy focused on formalized markets, import substitution, and high-value industrial processing. This strategic redirection has already yielded monumental advancements, most notably in import substitution and artisanal sector formalization. The nation has successfully transitioned to domestic production for coal and cement inputs, while aggressively scaling up the local manufacturing of critical construction materials such as ceramics and glass. Furthermore, a comprehensive formalization and support framework for artisanal miners has triggered a spectacular transformation in gold exports, which surged from their modest 2018 baselines to a commanding value of over 5.5 billion USD recently. Looking to the future, the ministry is rapidly steering the energy sector from mere exploration to large-scale commercialization. Key milestones include the inauguration of a liquefied natural gas plant and advanced planning for a domestic oil refinery to systematically slash the nation's heavy reliance on fuel imports. Concurrently, the sector is being integrated into the broader economy through an upcoming agreement for a natural gas-based fertilizer plant designed to anchor the agricultural sector and replace expensive imports. Driven by these responsible, transparent, and value-added industrial practices, Ethiopia is firmly on track to establish itself as a regional economic powerhouse, targeting a historic 10 billion USD in mining exports by 2030. The structural transition of the agricultural sector was detailed by Mandefro Nigussie, Chief Executive Officer of the Agricultural Transformation Institute. In an insightful presentation at the Ethiopia Delivers Summit, Mandefro Nigussie, Chief Executive Officer of the Agricultural Transformation Institute, detailed a sweeping structural overhaul aimed at transitioning Ethiopia’s agricultural sector from subsistence farming to a highly commercialized, business-oriented enterprise. Given that agriculture anchors one-third of the nation's gross domestic product and employs two-thirds of the population, the presentation underscored the critical need to tap into the country's vast agro-ecological diversity, 38.5 million hectares of arable land, and extensive water resources. Addressing historical policy gaps across previous administrations, the current reform framework introduces a dynamic "three-actor" model that unites the public, private, and people sectors to aggressively prioritize absolute food sovereignty over mere food security. A definitive cornerstone of this transformation is the highly successful cluster farming approach, which effectively counters the challenge of land fragmentation by organizing smallholder farmers to consolidate their land and adopt comprehensive technology packages. This strategic coordination has significantly amplified the bargaining power of smallholders, yielding a spectacular 29 percent increase in productivity for participating farmers. This structural agility is further mirrored by landmark achievements in import substitution, where Ethiopia has successfully forged self-sufficiency in wheat, malt barley, and rice, while scaling up commercial soya production. Parallel to crop success, the sector has been re-energized by the ambitious livestock initiative, Ye Lemat Trufat, which has driven robust production gains in red meat, milk, poultry, and aquaculture, highlighted by the historic establishment of a rare poultry grandparent stock, and reinforced by a nationwide afforestation campaign for environmental sustainability. To ensure long-term resilience, this modernization is heavily underpinned by a robust digital transformation strategy that delivers high-impact extension services directly to the fields. The integration of cutting-edge digital tools, most notably the 8028 voice-based AI advisory platform alongside a network of rural digital kiosks, has democratized critical agronomic advice, market data, and tailored training for rural communities. Looking to the future, the strategy is firmly focused on the professionalization of smallholder farmers into sophisticated agribusiness entities. By seamlessly strengthening the interface between technological agricultural transformation and holistic rural development, Ethiopia is paving a definitive path toward sustainable economic prosperity and food sovereignty. Addressing the technical rails of this modernization, Myriam Said, Digital Advisor at the Office of the Prime Minister, In an impactful presentation at the Ethiopia Delivers Summit, Myriam Said, Digital Advisor at the Office of the Prime Minister, outlined the nation’s comprehensive strategy for building an AI-ready economy. She emphasized that digital systems must not be viewed as an isolated sector, but rather as the foundational architecture required to drive a profound macroeconomic transformation. This structural shift is anchored on an investment-led, market-oriented approach, most notably demonstrated by the strategic liberalization of the telecommunications sector. This milestone policy spurred robust competition, expanded the country's broadband user base to over 61 million, and successfully unlocked significant inflows of private investment. Central to this technological blueprint is the development of a sophisticated Digital Public Infrastructure, which rests upon three critical layers: the FAYDA digital identity system, which has already enrolled over 45 million citizens; an expansive digital payments ecosystem boasting more than 257 million accounts; and a seamless Data Exchange Layer designed to elevate government service delivery and institutional interoperability. Recognizing that a digital economy cannot function without power, the strategy treats energy as an absolute bedrock. Ethiopia has remarkably achieved a grid powered by 98 percent renewable electricity, strategically leveraging monumental infrastructure projects like the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam to sustainably power data centers and emerging industrial ecosystems. Crucially, the address highlighted that technological access must be paired with human capability to achieve true economic resilience. To cultivate the necessary talent, the government is prioritizing heavy investments in human capital through aggressive foundational education expansion, the ambitious 5 Million Coders initiative, and the historic establishment of the Madame University of Artificial Intelligence. Ultimately, Myriam underscored that future global competitiveness belongs to nations that purposefully integrate technology into their developmental fabric rather than merely adopting external tools. By masterfully sequencing architecture, Ethiopia is ensuring that its economic reforms, physical infrastructure, public institutions, and digital capabilities develop in perfect harmony to secure long-term prosperity. In her presentation at the summit, Senior Advisor Tiguist Fisseha from the Ministry of Finance outlined a profound paradigm shift in Ethiopia's urban development strategy. The core objective of this new approach is to transition from merely managing physical urban expansion to fostering highly productive cities that serve as dynamic engines of economic growth, job creation, and investment. Reflecting a new urban era, the strategy embraces a market-oriented economy with a multi-city growth agenda, deliberately moving away from single-city dominance. This forward-looking framework directly addresses historical shortcomings, noting that while the Derg era suppressed urban growth, the subsequent EPRDF administration expanded cities physically but often lagged in cultivating sustainable economic ecosystems. To realize this vision, the strategy anchors itself on four mutually reinforcing pillars designed to redefine the urban landscape: livability, competitiveness, inclusion, and smart cities. Livability focuses on transforming urban aesthetics and functionality through high-impact initiatives such as the rehabilitation of river corridors and enhanced mobility, while competitiveness aims to foster private sector growth by reorienting the financial system and developing Special Economic Zones. Concurrently, the inclusion pillar prioritizes massive investments in human capital via comprehensive skills training and critical social safety nets like subsidized housing and school meal programs. Efficiency across these sectors is further accelerated by the smart cities pillar, which leverages robust digitalization to slash transaction costs and modernize municipal governance. Looking ahead, Tiguist highlighted visionary prototypes like Chaka City and Gelan Gura City as blueprints for integrated, future-oriented planning. The next phase of this comprehensive urban evolution will prioritize the structural strengthening of secondary cities and the establishment of sophisticated metropolitan governance frameworks. By scaling human capital development, aggressively expanding the housing supply with a target of 1.5 million units, and building financially self-reliant municipalities, Ethiopia is positioning its urban centers to become resilient, highly competitive, and inclusive hubs capable of sustaining the nation’s long-term economic trajectory.

By Yordanos D. June 26, 2026 (ENA) Few nations have embarked on a national conversation as consequential as the one now taking shape in Ethiopia. At a time when many societies are grappling with political polarization, identity disputes, and declining public trust, national dialogue has emerged as an important mechanism for addressing deep-rooted differences through peaceful engagement rather than confrontation. Experiences from countries such as South Africa, Tunisia, Kenya, and Colombia demonstrate how inclusive dialogue can help societies navigate complex transitions, build consensus, and promote lasting peace. Ethiopia's decision to undertake such a process reflects both the opportunities and challenges inherent in one of Africa's oldest and most diverse nations. Home to a rich mosaic of cultures, languages, religions, and historical experiences, the country has long debated issues related to governance, constitutional arrangements, national identity, political representation, and resource sharing. Recognizing that these questions require inclusive and peaceful deliberation, Ethiopia established the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC) as an independent platform through which citizens can discuss matters of national importance and seek common ground. Following extensive consultations conducted across the country and Ethiopian diaspora in various countries, the Commission has identified eight major thematic agenda pillars that reflect the priorities and concerns raised by citizens. As the process moves from consultation to substantive deliberation, Ethiopia's National Dialogue enters a critical phase that could help shape the country's political future and strengthen the foundations for peace, consensus, and democratic transformation. Independence and Credibility The credibility of this process will depend not only on the issues under discussion but also on the independence of the institution facilitating it, the inclusiveness of participation, and the ability of the media to inform, engage, and connect citizens throughout the country. Examining these elements provides important insight into the significance of the dialogue and its potential contribution to Ethiopia's future. The debate on its independence itself reflects the significance of the process for independence remains the most valuable asset of any national dialogue institution. It is vivid that without public confidence in its neutrality, dialogue risks losing legitimacy before meaningful discussions begin. Conversely, when citizens trust the impartiality of the institution facilitating dialogue, they are more likely to participate constructively and accept its outcomes. In connection to this a careful assessment of the ENDC reveals substantial legal, institutional, and operational safeguards that support its independence. Its legal mandate, diverse leadership, nationwide consultations, bottom up agenda setting process, transparency, and commitment to inclusiveness collectively demonstrate the autonomy necessary for a credible national dialogue. The independence of the Commission has already been rooted in law. Understanding its independence begins with its legal foundation. The ENDC, therefore, was established as an autonomous institution through legislation enacted by Ethiopia's House of Peoples' Representatives (HPR). The proclamation explicitly recognizes the existence of differing views among political leaders, opinion makers, and various segments of society and underscores the need to address those differences through inclusive national dialogue. The law grants the Commission authority to conduct consultations, identify agenda items, engage stakeholders, and facilitate dialogue without interference from any political actor or institution. Recently, Commissioner Ambassador Mahmud Dirir explained the Commission's legal autonomy during a consultation forum with media representatives held in Bishoftu. "The independence of the Commission emanates from its establishing proclamation," Ambassador Mahmud stated. "The Articles in the proclamation clearly stipulates that the Commission is free from any influence and is required to work solely in accordance with the objectives for which it was established." The ambassador further stressed that the dialogue process belongs to all Ethiopians rather than any government, political party, or interest group. He emphasized that unless all Ethiopians handle this consultation responsibly, it could end in severe consequences. This issue is not about one government or one political party. It is about Ethiopia and the future of all Ethiopians. Historic Opportunity The Commission's mandate arises from Ethiopia's unique historical circumstances. Throughout its long history, Ethiopia has achieved remarkable milestones in statehood, diplomacy, culture, and civilization. Yet the country has also experienced periods of political conflict, social tensions, and competing interpretations of history. Questions concerning federalism, governance, constitutional arrangements, political representation, resource sharing, identity, and national unity have generated intense debate for decades. While many of these discussions have taken place through democratic processes, some have also contributed to instability and conflict. Now the National Dialogue seeks to provide a peaceful alternative by replacing confrontation with conversation. Chief Commissioner Mesfin Araya has repeatedly emphasized that the process represents a national opportunity to address longstanding issues through dialogue rather than division. "The National Dialogue is not designed to determine winners and losers," he stated in several public forums. "It is a platform through which Ethiopians can listen to one another, identify areas of disagreement, and build consensus on issues of national importance." He has further stressed that the success of the process ultimately depends on citizens themselves. "No institution can build consensus alone. Sustainable peace requires the participation, ownership, and commitment of all Ethiopians." Commissioners' Credibility The Commission's leadership is another important factor supporting its independence. Its commissioners come from diverse professional backgrounds, including diplomacy, academia, law, civic engagement, and public service. Their credibility was established long before their appointment to the Commission. Rather than advocating political positions, the commissioners have consistently presented themselves as facilitators whose role is to create opportunities for Ethiopians to engage constructively and seek solutions collectively. This diversity of expertise and experience has strengthened public confidence and contributed significantly to the institution's credibility. Bottom Up Agenda Setting Perhaps the clearest demonstration of the Commission's independence has been its extensive nationwide consultation process. Over the past several years, the Commission has conducted consultations across regional states, zones, districts, and communities. It has engaged elders, religious leaders, women, youth, civic organizations, professionals, traditional institutions, political actors, and representatives of marginalized communities. Rather than imposing agendas from above, the Commission invited citizens themselves to identify the issues they believe should be discussed during the national dialogue. This bottom-up approach strengthens legitimacy by ensuring that agenda items reflect the concerns and aspirations of ordinary Ethiopians rather than the preferences of political elites. It also demonstrates operational autonomy. Institutions operating under strict political direction rarely allow citizens such significant influence over agenda formation. According to Commissioner Ambassador Mahmud Dirir, the Commission has now completed the consultation phase and is preparing for the next critical stage. "Now the process is at its last and critical phase," he said. In fac, the Commission has already announced the agendas for the national dialogue. He also disclosed that consultations among selected representatives are expected to commence in July 2026. National Responsibility As Ethiopia prepares to enter the next phase of its National Dialogue, the responsibilities of citizens, institutions, and media organizations become even more significant. The Commission's independence, grounded in law and demonstrated through practice, provides a foundation for public trust. Its nationwide consultations, inclusive outreach, and bottom-up agenda setting process have created an opportunity for Ethiopians to engage with difficult issues through peaceful discussion rather than confrontation. Ultimately, the success of National Dialogue will not be determined solely by institutions or commissioners. It will depend on the willingness of Ethiopians to participate, listen, and seek common ground. As Chief Commissioner Mesfin Araya has repeatedly emphasized, the dialogue is a national project whose success belongs to all Ethiopians. If conducted with integrity, inclusiveness, and broad public participation, the process offers an opportunity to transform longstanding disagreements into constructive dialogue, strengthen national cohesion, and lay a foundation for lasting peace, democratic consolidation, and shared prosperity. In that endeavor, an independent Commission and a responsible media sector stand as two indispensable pillars supporting Ethiopia's pursuit of consensus, reconciliation, and a more united future. National Agenda Setting The extensive consultations conducted across Ethiopia have now culminated in one of the most significant milestones of the National Dialogue process: the identification of major thematic agenda areas that reflect the concerns, aspirations, and priorities raised by citizens throughout the country. Drawing on contributions from communities, elders, religious leaders, women, youth, political actors, civic organizations, professionals, and representatives of marginalized groups, the ENDC has consolidated thousands of public inputs into eight major thematic pillars that will guide the upcoming national deliberations. These agenda areas encompass many of the issues that have shaped Ethiopia's political, social, and economic discourse for decades. The first pillar, State Building, focuses on questions related to national identity, historical narratives, social cohesion, and the future direction of the Ethiopian state. Closely linked to this is the pillar on Structure and Form of Government, which addresses debates surrounding federalism, constitutional governance, power sharing arrangements, and institutional frameworks. The agenda also includes deliberations on the Status of Federal Cities, particularly the governance, administration, and national role of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, issues that have long generated public discussion and differing perspectives. Recognizing the important role of faith communities in Ethiopian society, the Commission has identified Religious Affairs as a separate thematic pillar. Discussions under this agenda are expected to focus on strengthening interfaith harmony, promoting equality among religious communities, and fostering constructive relations between the state and religious institutions. Another major pillar centers on Institutional Building, Rule of Law, and Human Rights. This thematic area addresses concerns regarding institutional effectiveness, constitutionalism, judicial independence, accountability, and the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms. Economic and social issues raised during consultations have also received significant attention. The pillar on Socio Economic Affairs, Including the Concerns of Farmers and Pastoralists, seeks to address questions of economic development, equitable growth, social welfare, livelihoods, and the challenges facing agricultural and pastoral communities that form the backbone of the country's economy. Public concerns regarding governance have been incorporated under the thematic agenda of Anti-Corruption and Good Governance, which will explore measures aimed at strengthening transparency, accountability, institutional integrity, and public trust. Finally, the pillar on Peace Building reflects the widespread desire expressed by citizens for reconciliation, conflict resolution, healing, and sustainable mechanisms capable of ensuring long term national stability and peaceful coexistence. Together, these eight thematic pillars provide a comprehensive framework for addressing Ethiopia's most consequential national questions. They demonstrate the breadth of the consultation process and reflect the Commission's commitment to ensuring that the dialogue agenda emerges from citizens themselves rather than being prescribed by political elites. Chief Commissioner Mesfin Araya has repeatedly emphasized that the purpose of the dialogue is not to impose predetermined solutions but to create a platform where Ethiopians can collectively deliberate on issues that affect their shared future. "The National Dialogue is not designed to determine winners and losers," Mesfin has stated. "It is a platform through which Ethiopians can listen to one another, identify areas of disagreement, and build consensus on issues of national importance." The identification of these thematic pillars therefore marks not the conclusion of the process, but the beginning of a new and more substantive phase in which representatives from across the country will engage in structured discussions aimed at building consensus on matters that have shaped Ethiopia's political and social landscape for generations. With the consultation phase completed and deliberations scheduled to commence in July 2026, the National Dialogue is entering a historic stage that many view as an opportunity to transform longstanding disagreements into constructive engagement, strengthen national cohesion, and lay the foundation for a more peaceful and democratic future. In conclusion the National Dialogue represents more than a political exercise. It is an attempt to create a peaceful national framework through which Ethiopians can address longstanding disagreements, strengthen mutual understanding, and build consensus on issues that have shaped the country's trajectory for generations. The completion of nationwide consultations and the emergence of eight major thematic agenda pillars demonstrate that the process has been driven by the voices and concerns of citizens from across the country rather than by predetermined political prescriptions. The independence of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission remains central to the credibility and legitimacy of this historic undertaking. Its legal foundation, diverse leadership, extensive consultations, transparent procedures, and commitment to citizen-led agenda setting provide important safeguards that can help foster public trust. Equally important is the role of the media, whose responsibility extends beyond reporting events to facilitating informed public discourse, promoting transparency, amplifying diverse perspectives, and countering misinformation. As representatives prepare to begin deliberations on issues ranging from state building and governance to peace building, socio-economic development, human rights, and good governance, Ethiopia stands at an important national crossroads. The dialogue process will not eliminate differences, nor is it intended to do so. Rather, its success will be measured by its ability to transform disagreement into constructive engagement and competition into cooperation. History shows that nations achieve lasting stability not by avoiding difficult conversations but by confronting them openly, inclusively, and peacefully. Ethiopia's National Dialogue offers such an opportunity. If approached with sincerity, patience, and a shared commitment to the national interest, it can help lay the foundation for stronger institutions, greater social cohesion, democratic consolidation, and enduring peace. The outcome will ultimately depend on the willingness of Ethiopians from all walks of life to participate in good faith and to embrace dialogue as a pathway toward a more stable, united, and prosperous future.

By Staff Writer June 26, 2026 (ENA) Across Africa, nations are embracing the digital revolution as a catalyst for economic growth, stronger governance, and greater global competitiveness. Among them, Ethiopia—long celebrated for its ancient civilization, rich cultural heritage, and strategic position in the Horn of Africa, is emerging as one of the continent’s most ambitious digital transformation stories. At the heart of this transition is Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, whose administration has elevated digital transformation from a sectoral technology initiative into a comprehensive national development agenda. Rather than viewing technology as an end in itself, the government has increasingly positioned digitalization as a powerful tool to improve governance, expand economic opportunity, modernize public services, and strengthen Ethiopia’s competitiveness in an increasingly digital world. For a nation of more than 130 million people, around 70 percent of whom are under the age of 30—the stakes could hardly be higher. The question is no longer whether Ethiopia should embrace the digital age, but how quickly, inclusively, and effectively it can harness technology to improve the lives of its citizens. A National Vision Beyond Technology Since assuming office in 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has consistently presented digital transformation as one of the central pillars of Ethiopia’s long-term economic modernization. His administration first introduced Digital Ethiopia 2025, a national roadmap designed to establish the foundations of a modern digital economy. Building on the progress achieved under that strategy, Ethiopia has now embarked on implementing Digital Ethiopia 2030, a more ambitious blueprint intended to accelerate digital innovation while ensuring that the benefits of technological progress reach every corner of the country. The transition represents a decisive new chapter in Ethiopia’s digital journey, shifting the focus from laying digital foundations to building an inclusive, resilient, and innovation-driven economy. Announcing the launch of the strategy in late 2025, Prime Minister Abiy said Digital Ethiopia 2025 had achieved its objectives “to an almost full extent,” creating the momentum for an even broader national vision. Rather than concentrating solely on expanding internet access, Digital Ethiopia 2030 seeks to build a people-centered digital society founded on accessibility, equal opportunity, institutional trust, digital sovereignty, and efficient technology-enabled public services. Transforming Government Through Technology One of the defining features of Ethiopia’s digital transformation has been the government’s determination to modernize public administration through technology. Digital Ethiopia 2030 envisions a government where citizens can increasingly access public services online, institutions communicate seamlessly, and administrative processes become faster, more transparent, and more accountable. A major milestone in this transformation is the Unified MESOB Application, described as Africa’s first integrated digital government platform that brings services from multiple public institutions together through a single digital interface. By consolidating government services onto one platform, the application is expected to simplify citizens’ interactions with public institutions, reduce bureaucracy, strengthen institutional coordination, and significantly improve service delivery. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed officially inaugurated the platform during the Digital for Excellence Summit, describing it as a landmark achievement in Ethiopia’s digital transformation journey and a practical demonstration of technology-driven governance. Equally important is the continued expansion of Ethiopia’s Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), including the nationwide rollout of the Fayda Digital ID, interoperable digital payment systems, sovereign government cloud infrastructure, and integrated online public services. Collectively, these initiatives seek to replace fragmented administrative systems with connected digital platforms capable of supporting a modern, responsive, and citizen-focused state. Opening Ethiopia’s Digital Economy Digital transformation has also become an essential pillar of Ethiopia’s broader economic reform agenda. One of the administration’s landmark reforms was the liberalization of the telecommunications sector, ending decades of monopoly and introducing competition that has stimulated investment, expanded mobile broadband coverage, and improved internet accessibility. Alongside these reforms, the government has actively promoted digital financial services, electronic payments, fintech innovation, startup development, and entrepreneurship as key drivers of future economic growth. Looking ahead, Digital Ethiopia 2030 aims to position Ethiopia as one of Africa’s preferred destinations for Digital Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Through implementation of the Startup Proclamation and the Digital Ethiopia Investment Roadmap, policymakers hope to attract international technology companies, strengthen local innovation ecosystems, and create new employment opportunities for millions of young Ethiopians. The ambition extends well beyond the ICT sector itself. Agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, education, logistics, financial services, and public administration are all expected to benefit from deeper digital integration and improved productivity. Building the Foundations First Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has repeatedly emphasized that technology alone cannot transform a nation. Digital progress, he argues, must rest upon strong and reliable foundations. Affordable electricity, nationwide broadband connectivity, cybersecurity, digital literacy, and resilient digital infrastructure have therefore become central pillars of Ethiopia’s long-term strategy. Recognizing that millions of Ethiopians still live in rural communities with limited digital access, the government has placed increasing emphasis on extending infrastructure beyond major urban centers. The objective is clear: ensuring that digital opportunities become available not only in Addis Ababa but across every region of the country. This people-centered approach reflects a broader understanding that meaningful digital inclusion requires more than smartphones and applications—it requires reliable infrastructure that enables every citizen to participate in the digital economy. A Young Nation with Global Potential Ethiopia’s demographic profile represents one of its greatest strategic assets. With one of the world’s youngest populations, the country possesses an enormous reservoir of talent capable of driving innovation, entrepreneurship, and digital productivity for decades to come. Digital Ethiopia 2030 seeks to unlock this demographic dividend by expanding digital skills, strengthening innovation ecosystems, supporting startups, and creating an environment where technology becomes a major engine of employment, competitiveness, and economic diversification. The strategy also aims to increase the digital economy’s contribution to the national economy while addressing persistent challenges such as digital literacy, internet penetration, and unequal access to technology. Challenges That Still Lie Ahead Despite remarkable progress over recent years, Ethiopia’s digital transformation remains an evolving national project rather than a finished achievement. Infrastructure gaps, uneven connectivity, cybersecurity risks, affordability of digital services, institutional capacity, and disparities between urban and rural communities continue to present significant challenges. Successfully implementing Digital Ethiopia 2030 will require sustained public investment, greater private-sector participation, policy consistency, stronger institutions, and continuous investment in digital skills. Ultimately, technology alone cannot deliver transformation without resilient infrastructure, capable institutions, and widespread public participation. Leading Ethiopia into the Digital Era What distinguishes Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s approach is his effort to place digital transformation at the heart of Ethiopia’s national development strategy rather than treating it as a standalone technology policy. Through telecommunications reform, expanded Digital Public Infrastructure, digital identity systems, electronic government services, and successive national digital strategies, his administration has sought to redefine how the Ethiopian state functions and how its economy competes in an increasingly digital world. Digital Ethiopia 2030 represents the next chapter of that national ambition. If successfully implemented, the strategy has the potential to position Ethiopia not only as one of Africa’s largest digital economies but also as a model for how technology can foster inclusive growth, strengthen governance, empower young people, and improve everyday life. For Ethiopia, digital transformation is no longer simply about adopting new technologies. It is about building a future where innovation expands opportunity, institutions become more responsive, businesses become more competitive, and every citizen has a greater chance to participate in the country’s economic and social progress. History has long remembered Ethiopia for its ancient civilization and enduring cultural legacy. Its next defining chapter, however, may well be written through digital innovation, powered by modern infrastructure and driven by one of the world’s youngest populations. As nations compete in the digital age, Ethiopia is seeking not merely to keep pace, but to help shape Africa’s digital future.

By Ambaye Woretaw Rapidly Emerging as a Global Tourism Powerhouse Across Africa, few countries are transforming their tourism sectors as rapidly and comprehensively as Ethiopia. Long celebrated for its ancient history and cultural depth, the East African nation is now emerging as one of the world’s fastest-growing travel destinations. Strengthening its status as a leading travel hub, it is drawing a surge of international and domestic visitors eager to experience its remarkable history, diverse cultures, and breathtaking landscapes. Today, Ethiopia offers a unique blend of timeless heritage and modern development. From spectacular natural wonders and UNESCO-recognized historical treasures to newly developed world-class tourism destinations, the country is reshaping its global image and unlocking opportunities that were once overlooked. Driven by ambitious national initiatives, strategic infrastructure investments, and visionary leadership, Ethiopia is steadily establishing itself as a destination where history, culture, nature, and innovation converge. A Land Blessed with Extraordinary Natural Wonders Ethiopia possesses one of the most diverse and dramatic landscapes on Earth. Its breathtaking scenery ranges from soaring mountain peaks and lush highlands to vast lakes, deep caves, and one of the hottest places on the planet. Among the country’s most remarkable natural attractions is the UNESCO-listed Simien Mountains National Park, renowned for its rugged cliffs, endemic wildlife, and spectacular trekking routes. Equally captivating is the Danakil Depression, a surreal landscape of colorful mineral formations, salt flats, and geothermal activity that has fascinated scientists and adventurous travelers from around the world. The country’s rich natural treasures also include the Bale Mountains National Park, home to rare wildlife species and vast Afro-alpine ecosystems; the majestic Blue Nile Falls (Tis Abay); the serene waters of Lake Tana and Lake Hawassa; the scenic Lake Abijatta; and the magnificent Sof Omar Cave, one of Africa’s largest and most impressive cave systems.   Together, these destinations make Ethiopia one of Africa’s most diverse eco-tourism destinations and a paradise for nature enthusiasts, researchers, and adventure travelers. The Cradle of Civilization and Human History Few nations can rival Ethiopia’s historical depth. Widely recognized as one of the birthplaces of human civilization, Ethiopia offers a journey through thousands of years of history, from the earliest traces of humankind to the legacies of powerful kingdoms and medieval empires. The country is home to the highest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa, reflecting its immense contribution to world history, culture, and civilization. Among Ethiopia’s most iconic landmarks are the Rock-Hewn Churches of Lalibela, often described as the Eighth Wonder of the World; the historic castles of Fasil Ghebbi in Gondar; the ancient stelae of Aksum; and the walled city of Harar Jugol, one of Islam’s most significant cultural centers. Equally important are the Lower Valleys of the Awash and Omo, where some of humanity’s earliest ancestors were discovered, earning Ethiopia global recognition as a cradle of humankind. These remarkable sites provide visitors with an unparalleled opportunity to experience the origins of civilization, religion, architecture, and culture. A Living Museum of Cultural Heritage Beyond its historical monuments, Ethiopia is home to one of Africa’s richest and most vibrant living cultures. The country’s extraordinary cultural diversity is reflected in its languages, traditions, festivals, music, cuisine, and social institutions that have been preserved and celebrated for centuries. Several Ethiopian traditions have been inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, including the colorful Meskel Festival, the indigenous Geda System, Timket (Ethiopian Epiphany), and Fichee-Chambalaalla. These living traditions continue to attract visitors seeking authentic cultural experiences and meaningful connections with local communities. UNESCO recognition has further strengthened Ethiopia’s international tourism appeal by providing global validation of the country’s unique historical and cultural significance, encouraging travelers from across the world to explore its treasures. Restoring the Past to Build the Future In recent years, Ethiopia has intensified efforts to preserve and restore its invaluable cultural and historical assets. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, heritage conservation has become a central pillar of the country’s tourism transformation strategy. Major restoration projects have been undertaken at some of Ethiopia’s most iconic landmarks, including Fasil Ghebbi in Gondar, the National Palace in Addis Ababa, Harar Jugol, and the historic Jimma Abba Jifar Palace.   These restoration initiatives serve a dual purpose: safeguarding Ethiopia’s rich cultural legacy for future generations while creating new opportunities for tourism-driven economic growth. The revitalization of these landmarks is not only preserving history but also generating employment, attracting investment, and enhancing the country’s global tourism profile. Unlocking Ethiopia’s Tourism Potential Through Visionary Leadership At the center of Ethiopia’s tourism transformation is a bold national vision championed by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. His strategy seeks to unlock the country’s immense tourism potential through sustainable eco-tourism, environmental conservation, historic preservation, and urban renewal. This vision has been brought to life through the landmark “Dine” initiative series—Dine for Sheger, Dine for Nation, and Dine for Generations. These three ambitious programs that are fundamentally reshaping Ethiopia’s tourism landscape. Dine for Sheger: Reimagining the Capital The Dine for Sheger initiative has transformed Addis Ababa through extensive urban renewal projects focused on river rehabilitation, environmental restoration, and public recreation. Stretching approximately 56 kilometers from Entoto to the Akaki River corridors, the project has introduced expansive green spaces, walking trails, recreational facilities, and public parks. Flagship destinations developed under the initiative include Friendship Park, Unity Park, and Entoto Natural Park, all of which have become major attractions for residents and visitors alike. Dine for Nation: Showcasing the Nation’s Natural Beauty Building upon the success of urban renewal efforts, Dine for Nation focuses on developing world-class tourism destinations across the country. The initiative seeks to stimulate economic growth while significantly increasing domestic and international tourism. Among its flagship projects are the breathtaking Gorgora Eco-Resort overlooking Lake Tana, the scenic Wonchi tourism destination, the spectacular Koysha development, and the historic Halala Kella resort.   These projects have introduced new standards of hospitality and destination management while showcasing Ethiopia’s extraordinary natural and cultural assets. Dine for Generations: Building Sustainable Tourism for the Future The Dine for Generations initiative represents the next phase of Ethiopia’s tourism strategy. The program focuses on expanding eco-lodges, sustainable tourism investments, and community-centered visitor experiences designed to create long-term economic benefits. Projects such as Denbi Eco Lodge and Niin Lee Palm Lodge exemplify this approach, combining environmental sustainability with premium tourism experiences. The inauguration of Haro Dandi Lodge in April 2026 marked another significant milestone in Ethiopia’s tourism transformation journey. On that occasion, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed emphasized that tourism is increasingly becoming a decisive force in Ethiopia’s development strategy and a cornerstone of a more diversified and sustainable economy. Addis Ababa: Africa’s Diplomatic and Conference Tourism Capital Beyond leisure tourism, Ethiopia is rapidly becoming one of Africa’s leading destinations for conferences, international meetings, and diplomatic events. As the headquarters of the African Union and numerous international organizations, Addis Ababa has long served as the political and diplomatic capital of Africa. Massive investments in transportation infrastructure, hospitality facilities, convention centers, and urban modernization have further strengthened the city’s attractiveness as a premier destination for international conferences and business tourism. The growing conference tourism sector continues to contribute significantly to foreign exchange earnings, investment promotion, and global engagement.   A Tourism Renaissance in Motion Ethiopia’s tourism sector is experiencing a remarkable renaissance. The country is witnessing record growth in visitor arrivals, expanding tourism infrastructure, and increasing international recognition. This momentum is driven by a unique combination of extraordinary natural beauty, world-renowned cultural heritage, strategic investments, and visionary national leadership. From the ancient rock-hewn churches of Lalibela to the stunning landscapes of the Simien Mountains, from the revitalized parks of Addis Ababa to the newly developed eco-resorts across the country, Ethiopia is unveiling its countless treasures to the world. As the nation continues to invest in preservation, sustainability, and destination development, tourism is rapidly emerging as a powerful engine of economic growth and national transformation. The message is becoming increasingly clear. Ethiopia is not merely participating in Africa’s tourism growth story. It is helping to redefine it.

By Staff Writer June 25, 2026 (ENA) There are moments in the life of a nation when history demands more than endurance. It demands clarity about where a country stands and courage about where it must go next. Ethiopia is living through such a moment. Standing before policymakers, development partners, investors, and national stakeholders, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed framed a question that lies at the heart of Ethiopia’s current transformation: What does it mean for Ethiopia not merely to catch up with the future, but to leap into it? For a nation of more than 130 million people and one of the world's oldest civilizations, the question is neither rhetorical nor symbolic. It is a challenge rooted in Ethiopia’s history and increasingly reflected in its ambitions. For generations, Ethiopia has defied expectations. It preserved its sovereignty when much of Africa was colonized. It built the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Abay River through the determination and contributions of its citizens. Time and again, the country has demonstrated an ability to rise above limitations imposed by circumstance. Today, Ethiopia seeks to do so again. A New Story Emerging For years, international narratives about Ethiopia were often dominated by conflict, poverty, inflation, and humanitarian challenges. While those realities cannot be ignored, they no longer tell the full story. Across the country, signs of transformation are becoming increasingly visible. Inflation, which once exceeded 30 percent, has fallen dramatically and even reached single-digit levels earlier this year. Exports are approaching historic highs. Economic growth is projected to reach 10.2 percent this fiscal year—one of the fastest growth rates not only in Africa but in the world. These achievements did not emerge by chance. They are the result of difficult reforms, what Prime Minister Abiy on Ethiopia Delivers Summit described it: “It is a result of deliberate policy choices, and a willingness to confront long-standing structural challenges. The path has not been easy, nor has it been without sacrifice. Yet the emerging results suggest that Ethiopia is beginning to turn economic stabilization into a foundation for sustained national renewal.” Still, numbers alone cannot capture the significance of transformation. Behind every statistic are millions of lives being reshaped by opportunity. The Human Face of Reform Again Prime Minister Abiy cited a story of a woman who spent years running a small business in a local market. She operated outside the formal economy. She had no bank account, no credit history, and no officially registered business. For years, the financial system simply did not recognize her existence. Then came Fayda, Ethiopia’s national digital identification program. After enrolling in the system and beginning to use digital financial services, she started building a formal financial record. That record created trust. Trust opened access to finance. Finance created opportunity. Her talents had not changed. What changed was access. Her story mirrors that of millions of Ethiopians who are now gaining entry into systems and opportunities that were previously beyond their reach. It is a reminder that the true measure of progress is not merely the institutions a country builds, but the lives those institutions improve. Reforming While Building Unlike many nations that can address challenges sequentially, Ethiopia has had to confront multiple crises simultaneously. It has been required to stabilize while building, reform while delivering services, and correct long-standing weaknesses while preparing for future opportunities. This approach reflects the philosophy behind Ethiopia’s broader development framework, often described as a model of interconnected transformation. Economic reform, social protection, digital innovation, human development, local empowerment, and national cohesion are not viewed as competing priorities. Rather, they are seen as mutually reinforcing pillars of progress. The goal is not simply economic growth. It is resilient and inclusive development. Nation-Building as a Shared Responsibility A central message emerging from Ethiopia’s reform journey is that transformation cannot be achieved by government alone. Neither markets nor communities acting independently can deliver lasting change. Nation-building requires collective effort. It requires governments that create enabling environments, businesses that invest and innovate, communities that participate actively, and international partners willing to engage with mutual respect and shared purpose. This spirit of partnership is increasingly shaping Ethiopia’s approach to development. From macroeconomic reforms and productive urban development to digital systems, agricultural modernization, mining expansion, and infrastructure investment, Ethiopia is pursuing a comprehensive agenda aimed at unlocking long-term growth. Yet leaders acknowledge that transformation remains a process rather than a destination. The Challenges That Remain The optimism surrounding Ethiopia’s progress is accompanied by a clear recognition of unfinished work. Years of high inflation reduced household purchasing power and placed significant pressure on families. The benefits of economic reforms have not yet reached every citizen equally. Many communities continue to face economic hardship. Acknowledging these realities is essential. Successful nations do not advance by ignoring their challenges; they advance by confronting them honestly. Perhaps the most critical challenge lies in preparing the next generation. As technology reshapes economies and global competition intensifies, Ethiopia must ensure that its education systems, institutions, and opportunities allow young people to thrive. The ultimate test of reform will not be measured solely by growth figures or investment flows. It will be measured by whether Ethiopia can create competitive industries, generate meaningful employment, expand prosperity across regions, and build opportunities that endure across generations. Ethiopia: A Leap Into Tomorrow As Prime Minister Abiy revealed that at the heart of Ethiopia’s vision is a concept expressed in Amharic as "Ethiopia Manserarat (Ethiopia’s leap forward.” It represents more than an economic strategy. It is a national aspiration. A belief that the country can move beyond managing crises and begin shaping its future with confidence. A belief that development must be inclusive, institutions must be strong, and progress must be sustainable. A belief that every generation has a responsibility to preserve what is valuable, correct what is not working, and leave stronger foundations for those who follow. The world is watching Ethiopia’s transformation. Some observers do so with encouragement. Others with skepticism. But Ethiopia’s responsibility remains unchanged: to serve the aspirations of its people, broaden opportunity, strengthen institutions, and build a future worthy of its immense potential. The direction, Ethiopia says, is clear. The commitment is firm. And if the nation continues to build with discipline, courage, and a shared sense of purpose, this generation may well be remembered as the one that transformed possibility into reality—and left Ethiopia stronger than it found it.

By Tewodros Habenom Addis Ababa, June 24, 2026 (ENA)__Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s address at the Ethiopia Delivers National Summit, held under the theme “From Reform to Lasting Change,” offered more than a reflection on achievements. It presented a strategic vision for Ethiopia’s future. At its core was a powerful message: reforms are not destinations, but foundations upon which enduring national transformation is built. “Nation state-building is a continuous collective responsibility,” the Prime Minister emphasized, underscoring a philosophy that sees development as an intergenerational project rather than a series of isolated accomplishments. Guided by the principle of Medemer (synergy) through collective effort—Ethiopia’s transformation since 2018 has sought to weave economic modernization, institutional reform, infrastructure expansion, environmental stewardship, and diplomatic engagement into a single national trajectory. As the country moves from initiating reforms to consolidating them, the central question is no longer whether change has begun, but how those gains can be sustained and translated into lasting prosperity. Rebuilding the Economy Through Structural Reform When the current administration assumed office in 2018, Ethiopia faced mounting debt pressures, foreign exchange shortages, and significant macroeconomic challenges. In response, the government launched one of the most ambitious economic reform agendas in the nation’s history. Strategic sectors that had long operated under state monopolies were gradually opened to private participation. Landmark reforms in telecommunications introduced global operators into the Ethiopian market, increasing competition and attracting investment. Monetary reforms, including exchange-rate liberalization, were undertaken to address longstanding economic distortions and strengthen investor confidence. These measures paved the way for major financing arrangements with international institutions, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, helping stabilize the economy while creating conditions for long-term growth. Medemer and the Pursuit of National Cohesion At the heart of Ethiopia’s political transformation lies the philosophy of Medemer. More than a political slogan, it has served as the conceptual framework guiding efforts to foster national unity and collective progress. The formation of the Prosperity Party in 2019 marked a significant restructuring of Ethiopia’s political landscape, bringing together diverse regional and political actors under a single national platform. Simultaneously, the establishment of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission created an institutional pathway for addressing historical grievances through dialogue and constitutional engagement. Together, these initiatives reflect a broader effort to strengthen national cohesion as a prerequisite for sustainable development and long-term stability. Agricultural Transformation and Food Security Few sectors better illustrate Ethiopia’s development ambitions than agriculture. Through a large-scale irrigated wheat production program, the country has fundamentally altered its approach to food production. By expanding irrigation infrastructure, mechanization, and modern farming techniques, Ethiopia has moved from dependence on imported wheat to achieving self-sufficiency and exporting surplus production to neighboring markets. To deepen this transformation, Aliko Dangote, President of the Dangote Group, has increased his conglomerate's total investment commitment in Ethiopia from 2.5 billion USD to more than 4 billion USD, following a working visit to Gode in Ethiopia's Somali region where he was received by Prime Minister Abiy. The project is expected to reduce reliance on imported agricultural inputs and strengthen the foundations of long-term food security. Unlocking Energy Potential Energy has emerged as a cornerstone of Ethiopia’s development strategy. The inauguration of the first phase of the liquefied natural gas project in the Somali Region represents a significant step toward industrialization and export diversification. At the same time, renewable energy remains central to Ethiopia’s vision. The Aysha II Wind Power Project, among the largest in the region, demonstrates the country’s commitment to balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. Together, these investments are advancing Ethiopia’s transition toward greater energy independence and industrial competitiveness. Green Legacy: Development Through Environmental Stewardship Among Ethiopia’s most internationally recognized initiatives is the Green Legacy program, which has integrated environmental sustainability into the country’s broader development agenda. The campaign has mobilized millions of citizens in the planting of billions of trees, the restoration of degraded landscapes, and efforts to combat desertification and climate vulnerability. Beyond its environmental benefits, the initiative has generated economic opportunities linked to conservation and carbon-related projects. Since its launch, Ethiopia has planted an estimated 48 billion tree seedlings nationwide, contributing to reforestation, ecosystem restoration, and climate action efforts. Building on this momentum, the country has set an ambitious target of planting an additional 8 billion seedlings in this rainy season, further reinforcing its vision of a greener, more environmentally sustainable future. Tourism as an Engine of Growth Ethiopia’s development agenda has also transformed the tourism sector. Landmark projects such as Entoto Natural Park and Friendship Park have redefined urban recreational spaces, while initiatives including “Dine for the Nation and Dine for Ethiopia “ have accelerated investment in world-class tourism destinations. Projects such as Gorgora, Koisha, and Wenchi are positioning Ethiopia as an emerging destination for luxury, eco-tourism, and conference tourism, creating jobs while showcasing the country’s cultural and natural heritage. GERD and Regional Energy Leadership The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) remains one of the defining symbols of Ethiopia’s development ambitions. Having transitioned into electricity generation, the dam is reshaping the nation’s energy landscape while strengthening regional integration. Through power-export agreements with neighboring countries, GERD is enhancing Ethiopia’s role as a regional energy hub and creating new opportunities for economic cooperation across East Africa. Reimagining Urban Ethiopia The nationwide corridor development initiative is transforming Ethiopia’s urban centers through extensive investments in roads, pedestrian infrastructure, public spaces, sanitation systems, and environmental beautification. These projects are not merely infrastructure upgrades; they represent a broader effort to create cleaner, more efficient, and more livable cities capable of supporting future economic growth. Embracing the Digital Future Recognizing that future competitiveness depends on innovation, Ethiopia has accelerated investments in science and technology. The establishment of the Ethiopian Artificial Intelligence Institute reflects a commitment to harnessing emerging technologies in agriculture, healthcare, education, and climate forecasting. Meanwhile, the Science and Technology Museum in Addis Ababa serves as a platform for inspiring innovation and nurturing the next generation of researchers and entrepreneurs. These initiatives signal Ethiopia’s ambition to become a participant in the global knowledge economy rather than merely a consumer of technology. Ethiopia’s Rising Diplomatic Influence Alongside domestic transformation, Ethiopia has strengthened its international standing. As the host of the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Addis Ababa continues to serve as the continent’s diplomatic capital. The successful bid to host the 2027 United Nations Climate Summit further reflects growing international recognition of Ethiopia’s leadership on renewable energy and climate action. At the same time, the country has expanded strategic partnerships with nations including Türkiye, India, and Malaysia, while its accession to BRICS marks a significant step toward diversifying economic and geopolitical relationships. From Reform to Lasting Change The story of Ethiopia since 2018 is not simply one of reform. It is the story of a nation seeking to institutionalize transformation and convert short-term achievements into enduring progress. As Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed noted at the Ethiopia Delivers Summit, state-building is a responsibility that transcends generations. The challenge ahead is not only to preserve the gains already achieved but to ensure they become the foundation for a more prosperous, resilient, and united Ethiopia. The journey from reform to lasting change is still unfolding. Yet the trajectory suggests that Ethiopia is increasingly focused not merely on changing the present, but on shaping the future.

By Henok Tadele Haile June 24, 2026 (ENA) There are moments in the life of nations when diplomacy speaks louder than rhetoric. Not through declarations or carefully crafted statements, but through the steady arrival of world leaders, the hosting of major international gatherings, and the confidence placed in a country to convene conversations that shape the future. Over the past twelve months, Ethiopia has experienced such a moment. While narratives about the country often focus on challenges, the reality unfolding in Addis Ababa tells a broader story. From climate action and food security to investment, technology, migration, and continental cooperation, Ethiopia has increasingly positioned itself as one of Africa's most active diplomatic hubs. Most importantly, the East African nation has been drawing heads of state, policymakers, investors, researchers, development partners, and international organizations from across the globe.   The story begins with a simple but powerful measure of diplomatic relevance: presence. In international relations, presence matters. Nations do not invest valuable diplomatic capital where they see little strategic importance. World leaders do not repeatedly dedicate time to countries they consider peripheral. Major international institutions do not entrust high-profile gatherings to locations lacking significance. Yet over the past year, Addis Ababa has welcomed a remarkable succession of global leaders and dignitaries. Among them are Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, French President Emmanuel Macron, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, Israeli President Isaac Herzog, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, and United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, all of whom have engaged with Ethiopia through official visits, bilateral meetings, and multilateral forums. At the same time, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has expanded Ethiopia's diplomatic reach through strategic engagements with influential leaders worldwide, including Russian President Vladimir Putin, Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, and numerous leaders during the G20 Summit in South Africa. Yet diplomacy is not measured by the number of handshakes exchanged or photographs taken.   Its true value lies in a country's ability to bring people together around issues that matter most to humanity's future. In this regard, Ethiopia's recent diplomatic record stands out. In February 2026, Addis Ababa hosted the Second Italy–Africa Summit, the first time the high-level forum was held on African soil. The gathering brought together Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, African leaders, business executives, senior government officials, and development partners to strengthen cooperation in infrastructure, energy, agriculture, healthcare, and education under Italy's Mattei Plan. The symbolism was significant. When Italy sought to redefine its partnership with Africa, it chose Addis Ababa as the venue. Months earlier, Ethiopia had co-hosted the Second United Nations Food Systems Summit Stocktake, bringing together heads of state, ministers, researchers, youth representatives, civil society actors, and development agencies to assess progress toward building more resilient and sustainable global food systems. Food security remains one of the defining challenges of our time. Once again, Addis Ababa served as a platform where solutions were debated, partnerships forged, and commitments strengthened. The momentum continued with the Second Africa Climate Summit, one of the continent's largest international gatherings in recent years. Tens of thousands of participants—including heads of state, climate experts, investors, development institutions, and environmental advocates—convened in Ethiopia's capital to advance discussions on climate finance and Africa's green development agenda.   The summit also spotlighted Ethiopia's Green Legacy Initiative, elevating what began as a national environmental campaign into an internationally recognized model of climate action. Beyond these flagship events, Ethiopia's diplomatic calendar remained exceptionally active. The 16th Conference of the African Risk Capacity brought ministers and senior officials from 39 African countries to Addis Ababa to strengthen cooperation on disaster preparedness, climate resilience, and risk financing. Regional policymakers, scholars, migration experts, and civil society leaders also gathered in the Ethiopian capital to explore how migration can contribute to peacebuilding and sustainable development across the Horn of Africa. Meanwhile, preparations have been finalized for a major international conference on Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence, expected to attract ICT ministers, security experts, innovators, researchers, and policymakers from Africa and beyond to discuss cyber resilience, data sovereignty, and the responsible adoption of emerging technologies. Viewed individually, each of these gatherings is important. Viewed collectively, they tell a much larger story. Food systems. Climate action. Artificial intelligence. Disaster resilience. Migration. Investment. Continental cooperation.   These are not peripheral issues in global affairs. They are among the defining challenges and opportunities of the twenty-first century. And increasingly, the conversations surrounding them are taking place in Ethiopia. This helps explain why Addis Ababa continues to command sustained international attention. As the headquarters of the African Union, Ethiopia occupies a unique place in Africa's diplomatic architecture. Yet geography alone does not create relevance. Many cities host institutions; far fewer become platforms where ideas, partnerships, and decisions converge. Today, Addis Ababa is increasingly fulfilling that role. Its conference halls, diplomatic corridors, and meeting rooms have become venues where African priorities intersect with global concerns, where leaders from different regions seek common ground, and where partnerships are forged to address shared challenges. In an era of shifting alliances and intensifying geopolitical competition, countries are increasingly selective about where they invest their attention, resources, and diplomatic energy.   The steady flow of leaders, summits, and international engagements toward Ethiopia points to a simple but significant reality: the country remains an influential actor in regional and global affairs. Diplomacy, after all, is not ultimately measured by commentary. It is measured by relevance. And over the past year, the world has repeatedly affirmed Ethiopia's relevance by choosing Addis Ababa as a destination for dialogue, cooperation, and collective action. For a nation long described as the gateway to Africa, that may be the strongest diplomatic statement of all.

Addis Ababa, June 22, 2026 (ENA)__The third week of June 2026 offered a revealing portrait of a world navigating both uncertainty and opportunity. Geopolitical tensions, high-level diplomacy, economic challenges, humanitarian concerns, technological breakthroughs, climate pressures, and major international events dominated global headlines, reflecting the increasingly interconnected nature of contemporary affairs. From diplomatic efforts to ease tensions in the Middle East and discussions among world leaders at the G7 Summit to accelerating advances in artificial intelligence and growing climate concerns, the week's developments highlighted both the complexities confronting the international community and the determination of nations to pursue solutions through cooperation and innovation. While security concerns and humanitarian crises continued to command attention, the week also showcased encouraging examples of diplomatic engagement, scientific progress, technological transformation, and international collaboration—reminding the world that even amid uncertainty, progress remains possible. Middle East Remains at the Center of Global Attention The Middle East once again occupied a central place in international affairs as diplomatic efforts intensified to prevent further escalation of regional tensions. Developments involving the United States, Iran, Israel, and neighboring countries received extensive international attention as governments sought to manage growing security concerns while preserving regional stability. Discussions surrounding Iran's nuclear program, maritime security, regional alliances, and the protection of critical trade routes remained among the most closely watched issues of the week. Given the region's strategic significance to global energy markets and international commerce, developments in the Middle East continued to influence diplomatic calculations, financial markets, and security policies far beyond the region itself. Particular concern centered on the Israel-Lebanon border, where military activity and political rhetoric raised fears of broader instability. Yet amid these concerns, sustained diplomatic engagement offered cautious optimism. International stakeholders continued efforts to promote dialogue, de-escalation, and conflict prevention, reaffirming the enduring role of diplomacy in preserving international peace and security. G7 Summit Highlights Global Priorities One of the week's most consequential diplomatic gatherings was the G7 Summit, where leaders of the world's leading industrialized economies convened to address an increasingly complex global landscape. The summit focused on pressing international challenges, including economic recovery, geopolitical instability, climate change, energy security, technological innovation, and the future of global governance. Leaders expressed growing concern over geopolitical fragmentation, supply-chain vulnerabilities, and economic uncertainty while emphasizing the importance of strengthening international cooperation and resilience. Artificial intelligence emerged as a major topic of discussion, with leaders examining governance frameworks aimed at ensuring that rapidly advancing technologies are developed responsibly and ethically. Food security, sustainable development, and support for developing economies also featured prominently on the agenda. The participation of emerging economies reflected broader efforts to foster more inclusive global dialogue and strengthen international partnerships capable of addressing challenges that transcend national borders. Global Economy Balances Growth and Uncertainty Economic developments remained under close scrutiny throughout the week as markets, businesses, and policymakers monitored signals from major central banks regarding inflation, interest rates, and growth prospects. Particular attention focused on policy decisions and statements from leading financial institutions as governments continued efforts to strike a balance between supporting economic expansion and controlling inflationary pressures. Concerns over sovereign debt, slowing growth in certain regions, and persistent trade disruptions continued to shape economic discussions. At the same time, many economies demonstrated notable resilience, supported by technological innovation, investment initiatives, and efforts to strengthen productivity. International financial institutions renewed calls for greater support for developing countries facing debt burdens and external economic shocks, emphasizing the importance of inclusive growth and financial stability in sustaining global recovery. Climate Challenges Reinforce Urgency for Action Environmental issues remained high on the international agenda as scientists and policymakers highlighted the growing impact of climate-related risks across multiple regions. Extreme temperatures, prolonged droughts, severe flooding, and increasingly frequent weather-related disasters continued to affect communities around the world, reinforcing concerns about climate resilience and adaptation. Governments and environmental organizations intensified discussions on renewable energy, biodiversity conservation, sustainable development, and strategies to help vulnerable communities adapt to changing environmental conditions. Encouragingly, investments in clean energy technologies continued to expand, and international cooperation on climate adaptation gained momentum ahead of upcoming global environmental negotiations. The week's developments underscored a growing global recognition that addressing climate change is no longer solely an environmental priority but an economic, social, and security imperative. Artificial Intelligence Accelerates Global Transformation Artificial intelligence continued to emerge as one of the defining forces shaping the twenty-first century. Governments, technology companies, research institutions, and international organizations accelerated investments in AI development as competition and collaboration advanced simultaneously. Debates surrounding regulation, ethics, cybersecurity, data governance, education, and the future of work remained central to global discussions. Many experts increasingly view AI as a transformative technology with the potential to reshape economies and societies on a scale comparable to previous industrial revolutions. Alongside concerns about governance and risk management, policymakers and industry leaders focused on ensuring that AI contributes to broader human development, economic opportunity, and social progress. Growing international cooperation on AI governance reflected a shared recognition that the technology's benefits—and risks—extend far beyond national boundaries. Signs of Progress Amid Global Challenges While conflict, instability, and uncertainty often dominated headlines, the week also offered numerous examples of constructive international engagement and human progress. Diplomatic initiatives remained active across multiple regions, demonstrating the continued preference for dialogue over confrontation. International organizations expanded efforts to address humanitarian emergencies, food insecurity, and economic vulnerabilities affecting millions of people worldwide. Meanwhile, technological innovation continued to create new opportunities in healthcare, renewable energy, scientific research, artificial intelligence, and space exploration. Educational partnerships, cultural exchanges, and international sporting events further fostered understanding and cooperation among diverse societies, highlighting the enduring power of people-to-people connections in an increasingly interconnected world. These developments served as an important reminder that alongside the challenges confronting humanity, significant progress continues to be achieved through cooperation, innovation, and collective action. In conclusion, the third week of June 2026 provided a vivid illustration of the forces reshaping global affairs. Geopolitical tensions, economic uncertainty, technological transformation, climate challenges, and humanitarian concerns all featured prominently, reflecting a world undergoing profound and rapid change. Yet the week also demonstrated the enduring value of diplomacy, international cooperation, scientific innovation, and shared responsibility. Efforts to ease regional tensions, strengthen multilateral engagement, advance responsible technological development, support vulnerable populations, and accelerate sustainable growth underscored the capacity of nations and institutions to work together in pursuit of common goals. Ultimately, the week's events revealed a world confronting significant challenges while continuing to search for solutions through dialogue, innovation, and collaboration. As global interdependence deepens and new opportunities emerge alongside new risks, the importance of collective action remains clearer than ever. The story of the week was not merely one of crisis or uncertainty. It was also a story of resilience, adaptation, and a continuing global effort to shape a more stable, prosperous, and sustainable future.

Addis Ababa, June 22, 2026 (ENA) —The week that has just concluded offered a powerful glimpse into the Ethiopia that is steadily emerging, an Ethiopia that is embracing digital innovation, advancing environmental stewardship, strengthening its institutions, and pursuing a clear vision of prosperity. From the launch of the Green Legacy Initiative with an unprecedented target of planting eight billion seedlings during the upcoming rainy season to the unveiling of Africa's first unified digital public service platform, the country demonstrated a firm commitment to modernization, sustainable development, and citizen-centered governance. At the same time, growing international recognition of Ethiopia's democratic progress, alongside continued efforts to safeguard peace and stability, underscored a nation working to reinforce both its institutions and social cohesion. Taken together, the week's developments represented far more than a series of government initiatives. They reflected a country actively laying the foundations for a more prosperous, resilient, and inclusive future while confidently addressing the challenges of the present. Green Legacy in Ethiopia’s Environmental Vision The week began with Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed launching the 2026 Green Legacy Initiative, setting an ambitious goal of planting eight billion seedlings during the upcoming rainy season.   The announcement reaffirmed Ethiopia's position as a global leader in large-scale environmental restoration. What started several years ago as a nationwide tree-planting campaign has evolved into one of the country's most defining development initiatives, mobilizing millions of citizens, institutions, and communities around a shared environmental mission. Beyond increasing forest cover, the initiative has become a cornerstone of Ethiopia's strategy to combat climate change, restore degraded landscapes, strengthen biodiversity, and enhance climate resilience. At a time when environmental challenges are intensifying worldwide, Ethiopia continues to present the Green Legacy Initiative as both a national responsibility and a contribution to global sustainability efforts. The new target signals the country's determination to deepen that commitment and further expand the impact of one of Africa's most ambitious environmental programs.   MESOB Ushers in a New Era of Digital Governance If one development captured Ethiopia's modernization agenda most clearly this week, it was the launch of MESOB, Africa's first unified digital public service application. Officially inaugurated by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, the platform integrates multiple government services into a single digital ecosystem, allowing citizens to access essential public services more efficiently and conveniently.   The significance of MESOB extends beyond technology. It represents a fundamental shift in how government interacts with citizens. For many years, obtaining public services often required navigating multiple offices and bureaucratic procedures. By creating a one-stop digital gateway, the platform aims to simplify service delivery, improve efficiency, and strengthen citizen-centered governance. The initiative is part of Ethiopia's broader digital transformation strategy, which seeks to harness technology as a driver of economic growth, administrative reform, and public sector modernization. Beyond its domestic impact, the launch places Ethiopia among a growing group of African nations leveraging digital innovation to transform governance and accelerate development. Speaking during the inauguration, Prime Minister Abiy emphasized that the vision of making Ethiopia a model of African prosperity is increasingly becoming a reality. The statement reflected confidence in the country's ongoing reform agenda and highlighted the practical outcomes emerging from investments in infrastructure, digitalization, environmental restoration, tourism, industry, and public service modernization. International Recognition for Democratic Progress The week also delivered encouraging signals regarding Ethiopia's democratic trajectory. The European Union Ambassador to Ethiopia described the country's 7th General Election as a significant milestone in Ethiopia's democratic journey, adding to a growing body of positive assessments from both domestic and international observers.   The recognition carries particular significance given the scale and complexity of organizing elections in one of Africa's most populous and diverse nations. For Ethiopia's democratic institutions, such assessments reflect progress in enhancing electoral administration, broadening civic participation, and strengthening constitutional governance. While democratic development remains an evolving process, the positive feedback underscores growing confidence in the country's efforts to advance peaceful political participation and institutional credibility. The remarks also reinforced the importance of continued reforms aimed at deepening democratic culture and strengthening public trust in electoral processes. U.S. Visa Restrictions on Defunct TPLF Add New Dimension to Northern Ethiopia One of the week's most closely watched political developments emerged from Washington, where the United States announced visa restrictions on hardline TPLF members and their immediate family members, citing concerns that escalating tensions in northern Ethiopia could threaten the peace process.   The announcement generated significant discussion within Ethiopia, particularly following comments by former Tigray Interim Administration President Getachew Reda. According to Getachew, the importance of the measure lies not primarily in the restrictions themselves, but in what he described as the political message accompanying the decision. He argued that the action reflects Washington's assessment of responsibility for rising tensions and serves as a warning to actors whose actions could undermine the Pretoria Peace Agreement.   The development introduced a new international dimension to ongoing efforts to preserve stability in northern Ethiopia and prevent any reversal of the hard-won gains achieved through the peace process. As discussions continue, the overarching objective remains clear: safeguarding peace, maintaining stability, and ensuring that political differences are resolved through dialogue rather than conflict. A Nation Focused on the Future Despite their diversity, the week's major developments were connected by a common thread: transformation. Whether through planting billions of trees, digitizing public services, strengthening democratic institutions, advancing prosperity-driven reforms, or protecting peace, Ethiopia's focus remained firmly fixed on the future. The Green Legacy Initiative demonstrated the country's commitment to environmental stewardship. MESOB showcased how digital innovation is reshaping governance and public service delivery. International recognition of the recent election highlighted progress in democratic development. Continued attention to peace and stability underscored the importance of preserving the conditions necessary for national advancement. Collectively, these developments tell a broader story—one of a nation seeking to modernize, strengthen its institutions, and create new opportunities for future generations. The journey is far from complete, and challenges remain. Yet the events of the past week suggest that Ethiopia continues to move forward with determination, ambition, and an increasingly clear vision of the future it seeks to build. As the country advances its reform agenda, expands environmental initiatives, embraces digital innovation, and strengthens democratic governance, the direction is becoming increasingly evident. Ethiopia is not merely responding to change. It is actively shaping it.

By Yordanos D. June 21, 2026 (ENA) Ethiopia's Seventh General Election marks a significant milestone in the nation's ongoing democratic journey. More than a routine political exercise, the election reflected the growing engagement of citizens in shaping the country's future through constitutional and peaceful means. Conducted on a historic scale, the election brought together millions of citizens, thousands of candidates, and a wide network of domestic and international observers. More than a contest for political power, it became a national expression of civic responsibility, institutional growth, and a shared aspiration for a more stable democratic future. At the conclusion of the process, the National Election Board of Ethiopia (National Election Board of Ethiopia) announced that the Prosperity Party secured a majority in the constituencies where voting was held, paving the way for the formation of the next government. Presenting the official results in Addis Ababa, NEBE Deputy Chairperson Tesfaye Niway noted that the party won a majority of seats in both federal and regional legislative bodies within its contested constituencies. A Historic Democratic Exercise at Unprecedented Scale The seventh general election was one of the largest electoral exercises in Ethiopia’s history. Out of more than 54 million registered voters, an overwhelming majority participated across over 50,000 polling stations nationwide. The scale of participation alone underscored both the complexity of the process and the expanding reach of Ethiopia’s democratic institutions. A total of 10,438 candidates representing 42 political parties contested seats in the House of Peoples’ Representatives and regional councils, making it the most competitive and extensive election ever held in the country. This breadth of participation reflected not only political diversity, but also the growing institutional maturity of Ethiopia’s electoral system. A Nation Engaged at the Ballot Box Yet beyond the numbers, the election was defined by its human dimension. Across the country, citizens gathered at polling stations before sunrise and, in many areas, remained in long queues well into the evening. These scenes of patience and determination became one of the most striking symbols of the election, capturing a renewed sense of civic engagement and democratic responsibility. Women, youth, first-time voters, elderly citizens, and persons with disabilities participated in significant numbers. In several constituencies, polling hours were extended to ensure that all those in line were able to cast their votes. Observers consistently noted the discipline, patience, and peaceful conduct of voters throughout the process. At a time when voter apathy has become a growing concern in many democracies worldwide, Ethiopia presented a contrasting picture: millions of citizens actively choosing to participate in shaping their political future through the ballot box. Institutional Strengthening and Electoral Modernization The election also highlighted the administrative and technological progress shaping Ethiopia’s electoral system. The efficient nationwide distribution of electoral materials across diverse and often remote geographic regions reflected significant logistical capacity. In several areas, the introduction of digital and online voter registration systems improved both accessibility and efficiency, marking an important step in the modernization of electoral administration. Collectively, these reforms have contributed to a more organized, transparent, and professionally managed electoral process. Observers widely noted that these improvements are part of a broader effort to enhance the credibility and inclusiveness of Ethiopia’s democratic institutions. Leadership Reflection and National Message President Taye Atske Selassie described the election as both a democratic achievement and a reflection of public trust. Speaking at the official results announcement, he emphasized that the votes cast by citizens represent not only confidence in the political process but also a profound responsibility entrusted to elected leaders. He noted that the strong voter turnout demonstrated a growing national belief in democracy as a pathway to development and stability, adding that the electorate had delivered a clear message calling for accountability, progress, and national prosperity. Peaceful Conduct and Broad Observational Confidence One of the most significant features of the election was its generally peaceful atmosphere. Across most polling stations, voting proceeded in an orderly manner, with citizens freely engaging in the democratic process without major disruption. The election also attracted extensive scrutiny from domestic and international observers. The African Union Election Observation Mission, led by former Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, deployed observers across multiple regions and concluded that the election was conducted within a legal and institutional framework broadly supportive of democratic governance. Similarly, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) commended Ethiopia’s ability to manage a nationwide election of considerable scale and complexity, while highlighting the civic commitment demonstrated by voters across the country. Domestic institutions also played a vital role. The Ethiopian Human Rights Commission reported no evidence of voter suppression in monitored areas, while civil society coalitions noted high levels of transparency, including observer access to nearly all polling stations—an encouraging indicator of openness in the process. A Step Forward in Democratic Evolution When placed in historical context, the seventh general election represents a continuation of Ethiopia’s gradual democratic development. Since the introduction of multiparty elections, successive electoral cycles have contributed to improved voter registration systems, stronger institutional experience, and increased public awareness of democratic participation. The 2026 election built upon these foundations through enhanced administrative coordination, broader civic participation, improved transparency mechanisms, and expanded observation coverage—signaling steady institutional evolution. Democracy as a Continuous Process Ultimately, the significance of the election extends beyond election day itself. Democracy is not defined solely by ballots cast, but by the strength of institutions, respect for constitutional principles, protection of rights, and sustained citizen engagement. In this regard, the seventh general election provided evidence of progress across multiple dimensions of Ethiopia’s democratic system. Millions participated peacefully, institutions functioned at scale, and observers acknowledged meaningful advancements in electoral administration and transparency. Perhaps the most enduring image of the election remains the long lines of citizens waiting patiently from dawn until nightfall, an image that transcends political affiliation and speaks instead to a collective belief in peaceful participation and shared national ownership of the political process. Conclusion: A Foundation for the Future As Ethiopia enters a new political term, the Seventh General Election stands as a landmark in the country’s democratic journey. It reflects both progress achieved and the work that remains, while reinforcing the central role of citizens in shaping national direction. While challenges persist, the election offers a strengthened foundation for continued democratic consolidation—anchored in participation, institutional reform, and evolving public trust. Above all, it reaffirms a central principle: Ethiopia’s democratic future will be shaped not by force, but by the voice of its people expressed through the ballot box.

By Staff Writer Addis Ababa, June 21, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia’s 7th General Election has emerged as a defining milestone in the country’s evolving democratic journey. It is an election that reflects not only a political outcome, but a deeper transformation in how power is contested, transferred, and legitimized. With the Prosperity Party securing a decisive mandate, the election underscores a broader and more significant shift. It seems a gradual but steady movement away from historically force-driven political competition toward a governance system increasingly anchored in ballots, institutions, and constitutional order. Beyond the final results, the 2026 election is widely viewed as a reflection of Ethiopia’s re-engineered democratic architecture. For observers, it is not merely an electoral event, but a demonstration of long-term reforms aimed at reshaping the country’s political culture and strengthening the foundations of representative governance. In recent years, Ethiopia has embarked on wide-ranging electoral reforms designed to enhance credibility, transparency, and administrative efficiency. Central to these efforts has been the strengthening of the National Election Board of Ethiopia (National Election Board of Ethiopia), alongside improvements in voter registration systems, logistical coordination, and the integration of digital technologies into election management. Together, these reforms have significantly modernized the electoral process, creating a system that is increasingly structured, transparent, and professionally administered. Election observers note that these changes have had a direct impact on citizen participation. Expanded voter registration coverage, improved access to polling stations, and more efficient election logistics enabled millions of Ethiopians across diverse regions to take part in the democratic process. The introduction of digital tools was particularly highlighted for streamlining voter verification and engaging younger, tech-savvy voters. Yet beyond administrative improvements, analysts emphasize a deeper institutional shift. Ethiopia’s evolving electoral framework is increasingly designed not only to manage elections, but to embed democratic principles into the broader governance system—strengthening accountability, inclusion, and constitutionalism as enduring pillars of political life. Following the election, both regional and international observer missions acknowledged Ethiopia’s progress. The African Union Election Observation Mission (African Union) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) commended the generally peaceful conduct of the vote and the institutional reforms that underpinned the process. During a joint briefing in Addis Ababa, former Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, head of the AU observation mission, described the election as being conducted within a legal and institutional framework broadly supportive of democratic governance. He noted that election day was largely calm and orderly across observed polling stations, with voters participating without significant disruption. He also pointed to the growing role of digital registration systems in improving accessibility, particularly among younger citizens. Similarly, former Ugandan Vice President Speciosa Wandira-Kazibwe, leading the IGAD mission, described the election as a meaningful milestone in Ethiopia’s democratic evolution. She commended the collaborative efforts of electoral institutions, government bodies, political parties, and civil society actors in ensuring a generally peaceful and orderly process. She further stressed that ongoing reforms have strengthened both the inclusivity and credibility of electoral participation. The European Union delegation to Ethiopia also welcomed the conduct of the election, recognizing the contributions of electoral authorities, political actors, and civil society organizations. Alongside EU member state diplomatic missions, it acknowledged the role of international observers, including the African Union and IGAD, in enhancing transparency and credibility in the electoral process. Taken together, these assessments reflect a growing international consensus: Ethiopia is steadily advancing efforts to consolidate democratic governance through institutional reform and structured political development. For many analysts, the importance of the 7th General Election extends far beyond its immediate political outcome. It represents a broader national effort to stabilize governance through constitutional mechanisms while expanding meaningful political participation within a more predictable, rules-based framework. Ethiopia’s experience, observers suggest, offers a compelling case of gradual democratic construction—where institutional strengthening, technological innovation, and civic inclusion converge to shape electoral credibility over time. As the country moves forward, the 2026 election stands as both a milestone and a reference point in its democratic evolution, marking not only a political transition, but the continued reinforcement of institutions designed to sustain democratic competition within a constitutional order.