Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Egypt’s continued accusations against Ethiopia over GERD fail to reflect historical facts and the principles of equitable utilization and cooperation enshrined in international law, MP Mohammed Al-Arousi told ENA. He further underscored that the claims overlook the development rights of upstream Nile Basin countries. Speaking on unfounded accusation over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam GERD, Al-Arousi said portraying Ethiopia as acting alone over the Abay River distorts both historical facts and the legal framework governing shared international watercourses. HParticularly, his remarks came in response to repeated statements by Egyptian officials, which he said reflect not legal realities but a lingering nostalgia for an era of exclusive dominance over the Abay River. For instance, Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty stated that negotiations over GERD had reached a deadlock. In that regard, Al-Arousi noted that more than 86 percent of the Abay's waters originate from Ethiopia, arguing that the country's pursuit of hydropower development reflects its sovereign right to utilize its natural resources in an equitable and reasonable manner. "Accusing Ethiopia of unilateralism is political propaganda that contradicts our long-standing diplomatic record of patience and flexibility," Al-Arousi said. The parliamentarian contended that the real legacy of unilateralism stems from decades of reliance on colonial-era agreements, he said. Rejecting what he described as an outdated centuries-old narrative surrounding the Abay River, he argued that it sought to grant Egypt exclusive control over the Nile while excluding upstream countries from decisions concerning the management and use of the shared river. According to Al-Arousi, Ethiopia's construction of the GERD represents a historic shift toward a more equitable and inclusive approach to Nile Basin water governance, replacing what he described as an outdated era of "water hegemony." He stressed that Ethiopia engaged in GERD negotiations for more than 13 years, consistently engaging in diplomatic dialogue and demonstrating restraint despite prolonged disagreements. During that period, he argued, negotiations were repeatedly delayed by positions taken by Egypt and at times Sudan—which he said sought to slow the project's implementation and introduce broader water allocation arrangements beyond the dam's technical scope. Al-Arousi also pointed to the 2015 Declaration of Principles, voluntarily signed by Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan in Khartoum, emphasizing that Article Five provides for the filling and operation of the dam to proceed alongside ongoing consultations. He said Ethiopia's successive filling and operational phases have been conducted in line with the agreement, making allegations of unilateral action legally and factually unfounded. The lawmaker further underscored that the GERD was constructed entirely within Ethiopia's internationally recognized territory and financed by Ethiopians without external loans, describing it as both a national development project and a milestone in advancing equitable management of transboundary water resources. "Ethiopia did not build merely a dam; it is rewriting the history of justice and equality in the Nile Basin," he said. Al-Arousi also maintained that Ethiopia's position is firmly anchored in international law. He cited the United Nations principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources, which affirms every state's right to develop resources within its own territory, as well as the 1997 UN Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses, whose core principles call for equitable and reasonable utilization of shared rivers. He noted that Egypt is not a party to the convention, adding that contemporary international water law no longer recognizes exclusive "historical rights" derived from agreements concluded without the participation of upstream states. Instead, he said, it is based on equitable utilization, taking into account geographic, hydrological, environmental, and developmental factors. Al-Arousi said Ethiopia's use of the Abay River is driven by the need to expand electricity access for more than 70 million citizens who still lack reliable power. He argued that denying upstream countries the opportunity to harness their natural resources for development has no legal, moral, or equitable basis. He stressed Ethiopia’s firm position that the GERD represents a pathway toward sustainable growth and a fairer partnership among countries sharing the Abay River.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Resolving differences through national dialogue will open a new chapter for Ethiopia, Executive Secretary of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), Workneh Gebeyehu, said. Addressing the Ethiopian National Dialogue Conference today, the Executive Secretary said this historic dialogue will open a new chapter in Ethiopia’s long-standing and prestigious history. He pointed out that no country was built or profited from conflict in world’s history. Countries that have attained success today were able to prioritize their national interests by listening to one another and discussing, Workneh said, adding that differences can only be resolved through a peaceful manner and dialogue.   Stating that Ethiopia is not a new nation searching for its identity, the Executive Secretary said Ethiopia is the land of one of the ancient and strongest civilizations on earth. The country has deep and wonderful reconciliation mechanisms. The traditional problem resolving mechanisms are key instruments that can help cure Ethiopia's wounds, according to Workneh. He further stressed that there is no need for searching solutions from outside for internal problems, emphasizing the need for focusing on the plenty of positive and model mechanisms internally.   The national dialogue is a stage where Ethiopians can demonstrate in practice that they can resolve their differences through dialogue and mutual respect. The Executive Secretary finally underscored that Ethiopia's history will be shaped through dialogue, urging all to resolve issues through dialogue while reaffirming IGAD’s commitment to stand firmly by Ethiopia's side in this historic journey.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) — The European Union is committed to deepening its partnership with Ethiopia through expanded cooperation in investment, digital governance, renewable energy, and critical raw materials, EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission, Kaja Kallas, said. She made the remarks after holding separate talks with Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and Foreign Affairs Minister Gedion Timothewos during her visit to Addis Ababa. In an exclusive interview with ENA, Kallas said the discussions focused on strengthening Ethiopia-EU relations, enhancing EU-Africa cooperation, addressing regional security challenges, and identifying new areas of economic collaboration. "Our two meetings were about EU and Ethiopia relations—how we can make them stronger and what more we can do together," the High Representative said, noting that regional security issues were also high on the agenda. Highlighting the growing interest of European companies in Ethiopia, Kallas said businesses are eager to invest and expand their operations in the country. "They (businesses) are very much interested in working together and investing here in Ethiopia. But they also need to see that there is a business environment that is really welcoming," she said, adding that concerns related to retroactive laws and taxation were raised during her discussions with Ethiopian officials. The High Representative identified digital governance as one of the key areas where Ethiopia and the European Union can strengthen cooperation, saying digital technologies can improve public service delivery and create new economic opportunities. She also underscored the importance of energy cooperation, noting that Ethiopia's abundant renewable energy resources combined with Europe's technological expertise present significant opportunities for mutually beneficial partnerships. "You (Ethiopians) have plenty of renewable energy. We have the know-how. So, we can put them together not only for the benefit of your people, but also for the benefit of our people." Kallas further pointed to Ethiopia's critical raw materials as another strategic sector for cooperation, stressing that the European Union supports development of these minerals. "You have the raw materials. (And) our offer is that we want the jobs and growth to stay in Africa because it's jobs for your people," she stressed. The High Representative stated that creating jobs, promoting stability and strengthening security in Africa are the shared interest of both partners, noting that sustainable development also contributes to addressing the root causes of irregular migration. "It is very much in both of our interests that we work together on these issues," she said. The visit comes as Ethiopia and the European Union seek to further strengthen their longstanding partnership. Earlier in the day, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said he had held a productive meeting with Kallas, during which they exchanged views on reinforcing the strategic partnership between Africa and the European Union, addressing regional challenges and expanding economic cooperation. Foreign Minister Gedion Timothewos also reaffirmed Ethiopia's commitment to deepening its longstanding partnership with the EU. During his meeting with Kallas, he briefed her on the National Dialogue Conference, describing it as an inclusive, transparent and nationally led process aimed at building consensus, strengthening national unity and promoting lasting peace. The two sides affirmed their commitment to further enhancing Ethiopia-EU cooperation across all areas of mutual interest and underscored the importance of the upcoming Third Ethiopia-European Union Structured Dialogue as a key platform for advancing their strategic engagement.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Former Nigerian President and African Union Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Olusegun Obasanjo, has stressed the historic significance of the Ethiopian national dialogue for both Ethiopia and the wider African continent. At the opening of the National Dialogue Conference today, Obasanjo expressed profound appreciation to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed for his visionary leadership, patriotism, and dedication to the future of Ethiopia. He also reflected on the deep-rooted historical and social parallels shared between Nigeria and Ethiopia, noting their similar paths in navigating national challenges. Underscoring the critical importance of drawing lessons from history, the former Nigerian President cautioned that internal conflict yields no benefits and is far more devastating than fighting an external adversary. He emphasized that nations must diligently guard against the perils of civil strife, urging the public to protect the fabric of their unity. Lauding Ethiopia's ongoing peace-building initiatives, Obasanjo commended the National Dialogue Commission for its remarkable achievements and meticulous preparations to date. He outlined that the primary strategic objectives of the dialogue are to forge a robust, unified society and to rally all Ethiopians around a singular grand vision. The former President further highlighted that positioning Ethiopia as a leading force in Africa and a beacon of opportunity on the global stage remains a vital strategic pillar of the dialogue. He expressed confidence that these noble aspirations are fully attainable, urging the assembly to remain steadfastly focused on these strategic goals to achieve enduring success.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed held talks with EU High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, early this afternoon. The two sides discussed about ways of deepening EU-Africa relations, addressing regional challenges, and expanding economic cooperation. Following the meeting, Prime Minister Abiy wrote on X that the discussion was productive, saying both sides exchanged views on key areas of mutual interest aimed at strengthening the strategic partnership between Africa and the European Union. "I was pleased to welcome EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, for a productive meeting today," the Prime Minister said.   The talks centered on reinforcing EU-Africa relations, while also addressing pressing regional issues of shared concern, he added. PM Abiy and EU High Representative Kallas further explored strategic avenues to broaden economic cooperation, underscoring their commitment to enhancing trade, investment and development partnerships between Ethiopia, Africa and the European Union.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia’s national dialogue is a testimony and landmark in realizing sustainable peace and growth as the country’s peace, stability and unity is critical for the region and the continent in general, AU Political Affairs, Peace and Security Commissioner Bankole Adeoye said. Addressing the opening of Ethiopia’s National Dialogue Conference, African Union Commissioner for Political Affairs, Peace and Security, Bankole Adeoye, commended the depth and the participation of the historic national dialogue, expressing AU’s delight to be part of this history.   The African Union backs this historic event and historic opportunity, the Commissioner underscored, adding that the national dialogue is a testimony and landmark for Ethiopia in realizing sustainable peace and growth. The national dialogue is a vivid demonstration of Ethiopia’s determination to ensure sustained stability that represents vast diversity from various walks of life, he added. Reaffirming the commitment of the African Union to support for the successful completion of the national dialogue, he emphasized the significance of indigenous solutions for sustainable growth, lasting peace, and stability. Commissioner Adeoye further stressed that Ethiopia’s peace, stability and unity are critical for the region and the continent in general, serving as the diplomatic capital of Africa and the seat of the African Union Commission.   He further reasserted AUC’s strong commitment to further continue collaborating with Ethiopia for the realization of lasting peace, stability, and the nation’s sustainable growth. The 4,000 Ethiopian representatives are participating at the historic national dialogue conference that will deliberate for three weeks of structured national deliberations. To guide these pivotal discussions, the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission has identified 8 major agenda pillars carefully distilled from the core priorities and systemic concerns raised by citizens during the extensive grassroots consultations.   Established in 2021 as an independent institution, the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission was mandated to facilitate an inclusive national dialogue aimed at generating consensus on issues that have historically divided Ethiopians and to contribute to lasting peace, stability, and national unity.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —The Ethiopian National Dialogue Conference, which is monumental in scope, process, duration, and potentially in the results it will yield, can serve in many ways as an exemplary model for Africa, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said today. Opening the conference, the PM described the dialogue as an all-inclusive platform in scope, process, duration, and potential impact. “This conference is a comprehensive platform for discussion, consultation, and discourse that is truly unique in Ethiopia's modern history. It is monumental in scope, process, duration, and potentially in the results it will yield; it is an undertaking of immense significance that can in many ways serve as a powerful example for the rest of Africa,” he noted.   He warned that failing to seize such opportunities risks writing a harmful history marked by division rather than development. Citing the ancient Chinese military general, strategist, and philosopher Sun Tzu as saying that opportunities multiply as they are seized, the premier added that his government has used the reform years to carry out political, economic, and military reforms and improve the country’s trajectory. PM Abiy defended the four-year national dialogue which involved hundreds of thousands of inhabitants and the Ethiopian diaspora as inclusive rather than elitist. He further attributed Ethiopia’s loss of access to the Red Sea to internal weaknesses rather than any force strong enough to stop the country's rightful interests.   The premier warned against what he called “vultures hovering in Ethiopian skies” trying to take advantage of national disagreements, stressing that Ethiopian citizens should choose how interests are shared and resist coercion. He said Ethiopia’s resilience is rooted in longstanding traditions of arbitration, dialogue, forgiveness, and compensation, and argued that anchoring the consultation in that heritage will endure for decades. The Warka tree (sycamore tree) is a symbol of Ethiopia’s culture of reconciliation, PM Abiy, stated, explaining that it is where disputes are settled, teachings are given, families gather, and communities preserve history under the shade. Cutting down the Warka tree symbolically represents shrinking consultation and growing intolerance in Ethiopia, he noted.   The PM invoked proverbs from multiple communities to urge participants to consult for the sake of Ethiopia rather than their own groups, arguing that understanding grievances requires listening and engagement across communities. He finally noted that the forum carries responsibility not only for today’s population but also for future generations.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has called on Ethiopians to seize the once-in-a-generation opportunity to shape the country's future, urging participants of the National Dialogue Conference to embrace responsibility and safeguard the country's sovereignty through unity. Addressing the opening session of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa today, the PM described the process as one of the most significant political undertakings in Ethiopia's modern history. The Prime Minister noted that the dialogue represents a rare historical opportunity to build a stronger, more united Ethiopia, and to ensure future generations inherit a nation that has overcome the divisions of the past. "We must work with a great sense of responsibility so that our children do not once again miss the opportunities that we and our predecessors failed to achieve," he said. PM Abiy further emphasized that history presents nations with defining moments that either become turning points for renewal or missed opportunities that deepen divisions.   He urged participants to approach the conference with wisdom, humility, and a long-term vision for the country. "This dialogue offers opportunity to write a history that strengthens the nation for generations to come," the premier noted, warning that failure to seize such a moment could produce a legacy that weakens national cohesion, limits development, and narrows the country's future prospects. Ethiopia's future depends on building consensus through mutual respect and genuine engagement with differing perspectives, he added. Quoting Afar elders, Prime Minister Abiy said the participants should remember that no one can fully understand another person's concerns without first listening to them directly. "A common solution can only be found by listening to the other side," he noted.   The Prime Minister further called on the delegates to pursue solutions that serve the common good rather than narrow interests. Drawing on another traditional proverb from Tigray elders, Abiy highlighted the value of collective wisdom, saying the exchange of ideas among many people produces stronger and more enduring solutions than individual viewpoints. PM Abiy also reminded the representatives that they carry the hopes of more than 130 million Ethiopians and generations yet to come, calling on them to deliberate with sincerity, responsibility and commitment to lasting peace. Beyond domestic unity, the premier cautioned against external actors seeking to exploit Ethiopia's internal differences for geopolitical advantage.   Using a traditional proverb from the Tembaro community, he likened such actors to vultures that appear only after conflict, seeking to benefit from the nation's difficulties. Reflecting on Ethiopia's history, PM Abiy reminded that periods of internal division have often created opportunities for outside interference, including the country's loss of direct access to the Red Sea. He said the current propaganda campaigns reflect attempts to weaken Ethiopia by fueling internal discord. "The people of Ethiopia must know one thing," he said. "Our differences should be resolved in a civilized manner around the table." Emphasizing Ethiopia's sovereign right to determine its own future, the PM declared that national interests cannot be dictated by external forces.   "We are the ones who decide our affairs," he said, affirming that Ethiopia's destiny belongs to its people alone.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) — Ethiopia's dialogue is not a mechanism set to erase its beautiful diversity, but a civilized forum to establish a system where all coexist harmoniously with differences, Chief Commissioner Mesfin Araya said today. Speaking at the grand opening of the highly anticipated National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa, the Chief Commissioner expressed optimism that the landmark gathering will foster a resilient national consensus, heal historical wounds, and lay the foundation for a shared, peaceful future. Mesfin noted that while Ethiopia boasts a glorious history and a rich diversity of cultures, it has continuously been tested by deep-seated political disagreements. He emphasized that ideological divergence is a hallmark of democratic vitality, and that tragedy only arises when society attempts to resolve these variations through violence, exclusion, or resentment. Historical precedents have proven that force or transient fixes cannot remedy systemic problems, the Chief Commissioner stressed, adding that the only viable path forward is an inclusive, transparent, and scientifically structured national dialogue. To ensure the utmost integrity and credibility of the process, the Commission spent the last four years establishing transparent and legally sound operational guidelines. These robust frameworks were designed to guarantee accountability and clear procedural rules at every stage of the deliberations, according to Mesfin. Alongside these, the Commission prioritized inclusive representation, working tirelessly to ensure the authentic and fair participation of farmers, pastoralists, women, youth, political parties, and civic institutions from all walks of life. Furthermore, a comprehensive grassroots agenda formulation was conducted to gather the genuine anxieties, ideas, and aspirations of the public. These submissions were then systematically refined into actionable agenda pillars.   Finally, the Commission executed extensive public awareness campaigns across the country, cultivating a deep sense of nationwide ownership and ensuring that every citizen understood their vital role in this historic journey. The deliberations will pivot around eight major agenda pillars reflecting citizen priorities, which encompass state building, the structure of government, the constitutional status of federal cities, religious affairs, institutional building, the rule of law, socio-economic affairs, and peace building. The Chief Commissioner underscored that the ultimate goals of this historic dialogue are to anchor a culture of roundtable dialogue, heal historical wounds, and foster a new bond of trust between citizens, political forces, and the state. He extended his deepest gratitude to the Federal Government, regional administrations, civil society, the diaspora, and international partners, notably the UNDP, for their unwavering technical and financial support. Mesfin finally called on all the representatives to transcend narrow group interests and look toward the grand horizon of a unified, peaceful Ethiopia. The National Dialogue Conference has brought together 4,000 representatives drawn from over 1,200 woredas. Over the coming weeks, the representatives will engage in deliberations designed to address Ethiopia's most pressing and deep-rooted issues. Prime Minister Abiy, senior government officials, religious leaders, traditional elders, and members of the international diplomatic corps graced the historic inaugural ceremony.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Foreign Affairs Minister Gedion Timothewos held talks with the European Union's High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission, Kaja Kallas focusing on strengthening Ethiopia-EU relations. During the meeting, FM Gedion reaffirmed Ethiopia's commitment to its longstanding partnership with the European Union, stressing the country's readiness to further deepen bilateral ties and expand cooperation in areas of mutual interest. He also briefed about the Historic National Dialogue Conference, which officially opened in Addis Ababa today.   The FM said the national dialogue demonstrates Ethiopia's commitment to resolving longstanding national challenges through an inclusive, transparent, and nationally led process designed to build consensus, strengthen national unity, and promote lasting peace. The two sides reaffirmed their shared commitment to further enhancing the Ethiopia-EU partnership across all areas of cooperation. They also underscored the importance of the upcoming Third Ethiopia-European Union Structured Dialogue as a key platform for advancing strategic engagement between the two partners.   In addition, Gedion and Kallas exchanged views on regional and global developments of mutual interest.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia's long-awaited National Dialogue Conference officially opened in Addis Ababa today. The conference has brought together over 4,000 representatives from across the country for what is expected to be a landmark effort to build national consensus on the country's most pressing issues. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, senior government officials, members of the diplomatic community, religious leaders, elders, and other invited guests attended the opening ceremony. The conference, organized by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), marks the beginning of several weeks of structured deliberations aimed at fostering common understanding and reaching consensus on key national priorities. Participants are expected to engage in intensive discussions designed to help chart a shared vision for Ethiopia's future and contribute to lasting peace, national unity, and reconciliation. The delegates, drawn from more than 1,200 woredas across the country, represent diverse communities, civil society organizations, religious institutions, youth, women, and other segments of society. Unlike previous political conferences largely driven by political elites, the national dialogue process has been built on extensive grassroots consultations conducted throughout Ethiopia. Before the official opening, participants underwent intensive orientation sessions on the dialogue process, deliberation methods, and consensus-building approaches. The delegates were also briefed on the procedures that will guide the discussions during the three-week conference. Over the past week, thousands of delegates arrived in Addis Ababa through coordinated air and land transportation and have been accommodated at the Ethiopian Civil Service University and the Federal Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institute. Beginning with the formal deliberations, participants will discuss agenda items identified through nationwide public consultations conducted by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission. The Commission has organized the agenda around eight major thematic pillars reflecting the priorities and concerns raised by citizens during the consultation process. The pillars include state building, structure and form of government, the constitutional status and governance of the federal cities of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, religious affairs, institutional building, the rule of law and human rights, socio-economic affairs, anti-corruption and good governance, and peacebuilding. Discussions on state building will focus on historical narratives, national identity, citizenship, and social cohesion. Deliberations on governance will examine the federal system, constitutional order, among others, while discussions on Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa will address their constitutional status, governance, and national roles. Participants will also consider ways to strengthen interfaith harmony and peaceful coexistence, reinforce democratic institutions and judicial independence, safeguard human rights, promote equitable socio-economic development, improve resource management, and address the concerns of farmers, pastoralists, and young people. The remaining discussions will focus on strengthening transparency and accountability in public institutions, combating corruption, advancing reconciliation, preventing conflict, and establishing sustainable mechanisms for lasting peace. The National Dialogue Conference is widely regarded as a significant milestone in Ethiopia's efforts to resolve long-standing political, social, and economic challenges through inclusive dialogue and consensus-based solutions.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, accompanied by senior government officials and leaders of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), toured an exhibition showcasing the four-year journey of Ethiopia's National Dialogue process ahead of the official opening of the National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa. The exhibition highlighted the extensive preparations undertaken since the Commission's establishment in late 2021, documenting nationwide consultations, agenda-setting efforts, and institutional work that culminated in the launch of what many consider one of Ethiopia's most significant political initiatives in recent history. With the opening of the conference, Ethiopia has entered a pivotal chapter in its modern political journey, embarking on one of its most ambitious national efforts to address longstanding political, constitutional, and social challenges through dialogue rather than confrontation.   Convened by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission—an independent institution established by the House of Peoples' Representatives—the conference represents the culmination of years of consultations involving communities across the country. It reflects a national commitment to resolving deeply rooted differences through inclusive engagement, consensus-building, and peaceful deliberation instead of conflict. For many Ethiopians, the National Dialogue is more than a political event. It is viewed as a historic opportunity to address longstanding national grievances through peaceful discussion, strengthen mutual understanding among diverse communities, and forge a shared vision for the country's future. The dialogue brings together representatives from a broad cross-section of Ethiopian society, including political parties, religious leaders, elders, women, youth, civil society organizations, academics, business leaders, internally displaced persons, and other community representatives. The inclusive process is intended to ensure that diverse voices contribute to shaping the country's future.   The significance of the National Dialogue extends beyond Ethiopia's borders. As the diplomatic capital of Africa and host of the African Union, Ethiopia plays a central role in the Horn of Africa's political and economic landscape. Greater stability in the country is expected to contribute to regional peace, strengthen economic cooperation, facilitate trade and investment, and reinforce broader continental integration efforts. Observers also note that the dialogue could provide valuable lessons for other African countries seeking nationally owned and inclusive approaches to conflict resolution, reconciliation, and democratic governance.   If successful, Ethiopia's experience may serve as an important example of how dialogue can help address complex political differences while promoting lasting peace, national unity, and democratic renewal.

By Yordanos D. Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia has entered a pivotal chapter in its modern political history. With the opening of the National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa, the country has embarked on one of its most ambitious efforts to confront longstanding political divisions through dialogue rather than conflict. Launched by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), an independent body established by the House of Peoples' Representatives in late 2021, the conference marks the culmination of years of nationwide consultations, agenda collection, and institutional preparations. More importantly, it signals a national commitment to addressing deep-rooted challenges through inclusive engagement instead of political confrontation. For many Ethiopians, the National Dialogue represents far more than a political gathering. It is an opportunity to resolve longstanding national disputes through peaceful discussion rather than violence and to forge a shared vision for the future of one of Africa's oldest states. The dialogue also carries importance beyond Ethiopia's borders. As the headquarters of the African Union and a key political and economic actor in the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia's stability has direct implications for regional peace, trade, migration, and continental diplomacy. A successful dialogue would therefore resonate across Africa, offering lessons on nationally owned approaches to conflict resolution.   A New Chapter for Ethiopia For a nation of more than 130 million people, the National Dialogue offers a rare opportunity to break with a history in which major political transitions have too often been accompanied by violence and instability. The process seeks to replace confrontation with consultation by creating a formal platform where political disagreements are addressed through dialogue, compromise, and consensus. One of the dialogue's defining characteristics is its commitment to inclusiveness. Farmers, women, youth, internally displaced persons, religious leaders, elders, political parties, civil society organizations, academics, business leaders, and representatives of diverse communities have all been invited to participate. This broad representation gives groups that have often remained on the margins of political decision making an opportunity to contribute directly to shaping Ethiopia's future. The Commission has also emphasized equality among participants. Official titles and positions will not be recognized during the deliberations, allowing ministers, professors, military officers, traditional leaders, and ordinary citizens to participate on equal footing. By minimizing hierarchy, the Commission hopes to encourage open and candid discussions where every participant can freely express their views. For historically underrepresented groups, including pastoralist communities, remote rural populations, women, and internally displaced people, the dialogue represents an unprecedented opportunity to influence national decision making.   Addressing Historical Divisions Ethiopia's political landscape has long been shaped by competing interpretations of its history. While many celebrate the country's legacy of independence and statehood, others point to histories of political exclusion, cultural marginalization, and unequal development. These contrasting narratives have influenced political identities and contributed to recurring tensions among communities. The National Dialogue provides a structured platform to address these sensitive issues through discussion rather than avoidance. Although it may not eliminate every disagreement, the process seeks to build greater understanding and lay the foundation for a shared national vision that respects Ethiopia's diversity while strengthening a common sense of citizenship. The dialogue will also examine some of the country's most consequential constitutional and governance questions. To guide these discussions, the Commission has identified eight thematic pillars covering nation building, the structure of the state, the constitutional status of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, religious affairs, institution building, transitional justice, socio economic issues, peace building, and good governance. Through these thematic discussions, participants will deliberate on constitutional reforms, electoral processes, peaceful mechanisms for resolving boundary disputes, and ways to strengthen democratic institutions. Equally important is the opportunity to build consensus on safeguarding the independence, transparency, and accountability of institutions such as the judiciary, electoral authorities, and law enforcement agencies, which are essential for restoring public confidence in the state. Supporting Peace and Transitional Justice Years of conflict have left Ethiopia confronting difficult questions about accountability, reconciliation, and national healing. Communities affected by violence seek justice for victims, while policymakers must also consider how to promote reconciliation and social cohesion. The National Dialogue has the potential to complement Ethiopia's transitional justice process by building broad political consensus on the principles that should guide accountability and reconciliation. Rather than framing these objectives as competing priorities, the dialogue creates space to develop a balanced approach that incorporates truth seeking, justice, reparations, institutional reform, and national healing. If implemented effectively, such a framework could help address longstanding grievances and reduce the risk of future conflict. Regional and Continental Significance The importance of Ethiopia's National Dialogue extends well beyond its borders. As host of the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Ethiopia occupies a strategic position in continental affairs. Greater political stability would strengthen peace and security throughout the Horn of Africa, where instability often has cross border consequences through refugee flows, insecurity, and disruptions to regional trade. Economic gains could also be substantial. Ethiopia is one of Eastern Africa's largest markets and relies heavily on regional transport corridors, particularly through Djibouti. A more stable political environment would encourage trade, attract investment, strengthen infrastructure connectivity, and expand regional energy cooperation.   Beyond its economic and security implications, the dialogue may offer a valuable model for other African countries facing constitutional disputes, ethnic tensions, or post conflict transitions. If successful, Ethiopia's experience could demonstrate the value of inclusive, nationally led dialogue in addressing deeply rooted political divisions. For the African Union, headquartered in Addis Ababa, a peaceful and stable Ethiopia would reinforce the effectiveness of African solutions to African challenges and strengthen confidence in continental peace and governance mechanisms. Conclusion The Ethiopian National Dialogue represents one of the country's most ambitious attempts to address longstanding political, constitutional, and social challenges through peaceful consultation rather than confrontation. For Ethiopians, it offers an opportunity to replace recurring cycles of conflict with a culture of dialogue, mutual respect, and peaceful political competition. For the Ethiopian state, it provides a pathway to strengthen institutions, improve governance, and build a more inclusive constitutional order. For Africa, it stands as a significant test of whether nationally owned and African led dialogue can provide durable solutions to complex political challenges.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —American political analyst Andrew Korybko underscored that Ethiopia possesses the sovereign and internationally recognized legal right to equitably utilize the Abay River, including the construction and operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Meanwhile, the analyst accused Egypt of intensifying what he described as an “information warfare campaign” against Ethiopia over the Abay dispute. Speaking to the Ethiopian News Agency, Korybko said recent statements by Egyptian officials reflect what he characterized as an effort to portray Ethiopia as a regional security threat to reinforce Cairo’s long-standing position on the Abay (Nile) waters. His remarks came after Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty stated that negotiations over GERD had reached a deadlock. Abdelatty further insisted that Egypt reserves what it considers its right to safeguard its water security under international law. Responding to those remarks, Korybko argued that Egypt’s narrative seeks to justify policies rooted in an outdated approach to Abay water governance. According to the analyst, Ethiopia has consistently maintained that GERD is a transformative development project designed to generate clean, renewable electricity, support national economic development, and expand regional energy integration without causing significant harm to downstream countries. Korybko noted that Ethiopia has repeatedly expressed its readiness to export surplus electricity generated by GERD to neighboring countries. The East African nation presents the project as a platform for shared economic growth and regional cooperation rather than confrontation. Commenting on Egypt’s repeated concerns over future Ethiopian dam projects, Korybko argued that Cairo has shifted its messaging after earlier warnings of catastrophic consequences from GERD failed to materialize. He said the phased filling of the dam has been completed without producing the severe downstream impacts that some Egyptian officials had previously predicted, arguing that this has weakened earlier claims that the project would trigger devastating water shortages. Referring to recent discussions in Egypt concerning reports of additional Ethiopian water infrastructure projects, Korybko claimed that ordinary development initiatives are increasingly being framed as regional security threats in an effort to preserve what he described as colonial-era assumptions over control of the Abay waters. The analyst further argued that, with GERD now fully filled, military threats against the dam have become increasingly unrealistic because of the potentially devastating humanitarian and environmental consequences such an attack could have for downstream countries. In his view, such rhetoric is aimed more at political signaling than at reflecting practical policy options. Beyond the dam itself, Korybko said the dispute should be understood within the broader geopolitical dynamics of the Horn of Africa. He alleged that Egypt has sought to counter Ethiopia’s growing regional influence through indirect means, while acknowledging that Egyptian authorities have repeatedly rejected accusations of interference in Ethiopia’s internal affairs. Speaking about Ethiopia’s strategic interests in both the Nile Basin and the Red Sea, Korybko argued that Egypt has historically sought to project its influence southward. “Hegemonic Egyptian leaders were geographically blocked from expanding in most other directions apart from the south, ergo their focus over the past century and a half on that vector, which resulted in Ethiopian-Egyptian War. In the contemporary context, Egypt isn’t conventionally invading Ethiopia like before but is relying on proxies, specifically Eritrea and armed anti-government groups in Ethiopia. Sudan is also being recruited for this by Egypt but has yet to commit as much as the others have,” he said. Referring to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s recent “axe allegory” delivered in Parliament, Korybko argued that Egypt’s strategy is centered on indirect pressure rather than direct military confrontation. “For reasons of logistics and reputation, Egypt won’t conventionally invade Ethiopia, which is the only state that has ever stood in the way of its hegemonic ambitions in the Horn. That’s why it’s relying on Eritrea, armed anti-government groups in Ethiopia, and nowadays Sudan a bit too. The goal is to contain Ethiopia and then destabilize it from within until a puppet government comes to power or the country ‘Balkanizes’ into a Hobbesian collection of ethno-centric statelets that can easily be divided-and-ruled,” he said. Korybko emphasized Ethiopia’s historic contribution to Africa’s anti-colonial struggle and its continuing role as host of the African Union headquarters. Against that backdrop, he argued that differences over the Abay waters should be resolved through African-led dialogue, mutual respect for sovereignty, and the principle of “African solutions to African problems.” He concluded that lasting peace and stability in the Nile Basin will ultimately depend on cooperation, equitable development, and constructive engagement rather than confrontation, urging all parties to pursue dialogue that advances regional peace, energy security, and shared prosperity.

By Professor Al Mariam (Emeritus & Attorney at Law) July 14, 2026 (ENA) Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty for the umpteenth time declared Egypt reserves its full right to defend its Nile water security should it be harmed by Ethiopia and that the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is an illegal unilateral action taken by Ethiopia without consulting the downstream countries. He asserted, “We reserve the right to legitimate self-defense in accordance with the rules of international law.” Egypt has used the term “unilateralism” and other scurrilous words to demonize Ethiopia not only in the global media but also before the UN Security Council on numerous occasions. The repetition of this narrative reflects less a legal reality than a lingering nostalgia for a bygone era of exclusive dominance over the Abay River. The GERD has fundamentally transformed that narrative. Without consuming or diverting a single drop of the Abay's natural downstream flow, the dam has dismantled the long-standing doctrine of exclusive control and emerged as a powerful symbol of equitable and reasonable utilization of the shared waters. Under international law, unilateralism refers to a state acting independently to pursue its own interests or enforce legal rights without the consent, cooperation, or prior consultation of other nations. As Abdelatty wags an accusatory finger at Ethiopia, he forgets three fingers are pointing at Egypt, the unilateralist hegemon of the Nile River for thousands of years. Let the facts speak for themselves: In the Anglo-Italian Protocol of 1891, Britain unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed Egypt “undisturbed flow of the Nile by restricting Italy’s endeavour to control a water project over the Atbara River”, one of the tributaries of the Nile. In the Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902, the British unilaterally and fraudulently prohibited Ethiopia from any developmental use of the Nile waters and guaranteed Egypt complete veto power on any projects upstream in the Abay River. In the 1906 Tripartite Agreement Between Britain, France, and Italy, the three colonial powers unilaterally, and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed protection of the “interests of Great Britain and Egypt in the Nile Basin, more especially as regards the regulation of the waters of that river and tributaries.” In the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1929, super-special rights were unilaterally, and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed to Egypt in the amount of 48 billion cubic meters of water flow per year, the right to undertake any project on the Nile in its territory, the right to monitor the Nile flow in the upstream countries and the right to veto any construction projects that would affect Egypt’s interests. In the 1959 Nile Waters Agreement between Egypt and the Sudan, Egypt unilaterally, and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed itself 84 billion cubic meters of water and the right to construct the Aswan High Dam that can store the entire annual Nile River flow of a year. What is more unilateral than Egypt’s insistence on unilateral and exclusive use of all Nile River waters for herself under the fraudulent 1902 agreement? Let us look at few other facts about Egyptian unilateralism. Egypt built the Aswan Dam, the world’s largest embankment dam on the Nile unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia, to better control flooding, provide increased water storage for irrigation and generate hydroelectricity and accelerate Egypt’s industrialization. In 1979, Egypt unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia began digging a canal to carry water from the Damietta branch of the Nile, near Egypt’s Mediterranean coast, into Sinai. Water flowed into the canal and then into Sinai in 2001. Today, Egypt is building a new administrative capital to replace Cairo “on a flat stretch of desert between the Nile River and the Suez Canal” unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia. Egypt unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia uses water from a massive underground water supply known as the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System which “in relation to the current extraction rates has a lifespan of approximately one thousand years.” Egypt constructed the Ismailia and Ibrahimia Canals, unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia. Let a candid world judge! Who is and has ALWAYS been the diehard, dyed-in-the-wool, adamant, and inflexible unilateralist hegemon on Nile River waters? Who is the intransigent unilateralist victimizer and victim in the Nile water dispute? Ethiopia’s entire foreign policy has ALWAYS been based on bilateralism and multilateralism. Ethiopia has NEVER been a unilateralist! Ethiopia has ALWAYS been a bilateralist and multilateralist. Ethiopia was a founding member of the League of Nations in 1920. The League was the first multilateral international organization with the core mission of maintaining world peace. In 1945, the League was replaced by the United Nations, of which Ethiopia was a founding member, organized to maintain international peace and security and develop friendly relations among nations. In 1963, Ethiopia was one of the key founders of the Organization of African Unity. Ethiopia has declared to the world she will abide by the 2015 GERD Declaration of Principles signed by Ethiopia, Egypt, and the Sudan. Ethiopia is a signatory to the multilateral Nile Comprehensive Framework Agreement (CFA), a treaty designed to establish a permanent legal and institutional framework for the cooperative management of the Nile River Basin waters. Unlike previous colonial-era agreements that prioritized specific allocations, the CFA focuses on equitable and reasonable utilization, sustainable development, and the establishment of the Nile River Basin Commission (NRBC) as a joint management body. It aims to replace the fragmented bilateral arrangements with a unified basin-wide approach, promoting regional peace, security, and integrated water resources management. The CFA has been signed by Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi and South Sudan officially becoming legally binding on October 13, 2024. Egypt and Sudan have steadfastly refused to sign the multilateral CFA agreement. In his Nobel Peace Prize speech, Prime Minister Abiy declared to the entire world his aim for Ethiopia, the Horn region and beyond is peace, peace, and more peace. “The Horn of Africa is a region of strategic significance. The global military superpowers are expanding their military presence in the area. Terrorists and extremist groups also seek to establish a foothold. We do not want the Horn to be a battle ground for the superpowers nor a hideout for the merchants or terror and brokers of despair and misery. We want Africa to become a treasury of peace and progress. Indeed, we want the Horn of Africa to become the Horn of Plenty for the rest of the continent.” In June 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed pledged to the Egyptian people in Cairo, “I swear to Allah that Ethiopia will not do any harm to Egypt’s water.” To date, there is not a shred of evidence the GERD has caused an ounce of harm on Egypt. Egypt and Sudan must sign the CFA and join the other sister riparian countries for mutual benefit from the Nile. Egypt should look forward to working with the Nile riparian countries and abandon the futile approach of my way of the highway. Let Ethiopia, Egypt and the Sudan work together to make the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam a Horn of Plenty (cornucopia) not only for themselves but the whole of Africa. Let the GERD be the Horn of Africa’s Horn of Plenty. Let the GERD be Africa’s GERDucopia!

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —The National Dialogue Conference set to begin tomorrow presents a historic opportunity to lay the foundation for national consensus by exploring and peacefully resolving long-standing and deep-rooted differences in the country, Ethiopian Civil Society Organizations Council (ECSOC) President, Ahmed Hussein, said. Speaking to journalists today, the President said the dialogue process has been deeply examining existing differences and establishing a foundation for unity through peaceful engagement. He noted that the conference would pave the way for mutual understanding and sustainable peace. According to him, the Ethiopian Civil Society Organizations Council considers the dialogue a valuable chance for addressing differences among Ethiopians through dialogue, fostering mutual understanding, and strengthening sustainable peace, justice, and national unity. The national dialogue is not intended to serve as a platform to claim victory or defeat, but as a national process through which collective solutions will be sought by discussing shared problems, he added. The success of the dialogue depends on tolerance, listening, mutual respect, and genuine goodwill.   President Ahmed said civil societies have a unique responsibility in the process, including amplifying public voices, ensuring the participation of marginalized and vulnerable groups, strengthening trust among stakeholders, and acting as a bridge to build mutual understanding. In this respect, civil society organizations have been working collaboratively with the National Dialogue Commission by contributing active participants, facilitators, and observers, while also supporting peace-building efforts and raising awareness across society. The ECSOC remains committed to ensuring that the dialogue remains independent, inclusive, transparent, and built on mutual trust, he added. Stressing the need for resolving crucial issues through the process, the President called on dialogue participants to engage with patience, responsibility, mutual respect, and a sense of patriotism.   He also urged the public to closely follow the process, provide constructive feedback, and support peaceful discussions. Furthermore, Ahmed emphasized that the dialogue should be treated as a shared national responsibility requiring ownership from the press, civil societies, government bodies, citizens, and stakeholders.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia will embark on one of the most consequential political journeys in the nation's modern history as the highly anticipated National Dialogue Conference begins in the capital city tomorrow. The event marks the dawn of a transformative chapter in Ethiopia’s enduring pursuit of lasting peace, national consensus, and robust state-building. Unlike historical political conferences that were predominantly shaped by political elites, this dialogue has been built from the grassroots up. Over the past week, thousands of delegates representing ordinary citizens, diverse communities, civil institutions from every corner of the country and the diaspora have converged on the capital via coordinated air and land transportation. The 4,000 participants of the conference have participated in intensive orientation sessions designed to thoroughly familiarize them with the dialogue process, deliberation methodologies, and consensus-building approaches. Beginning tomorrow, these representatives will deliberate for three weeks of structured national deliberations. The historic sessions are specifically designed to confront and address the country's political, social, and economic fault lines. To guide these pivotal discussions, the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission has identified 8 pillars carefully distilled from the core priorities and systemic concerns raised by citizens during the extensive grassroots consultations. The 8 pillars include state building (identity and history), the structure of government (federalism and power-sharing), and the status of federal cities like Addis Ababa. The other key areas cover religious affairs, institutional building (rule of law and human rights), and socio-economic affairs (growth and resource management). Finally, the agenda includes anti-corruption and peace building strategies for national reconciliation. According to the Commission, these agendas are not predetermined political prescriptions, but the direct product of an inclusive nationwide process that captured the genuine voices of the Ethiopian people. As delegates prepare to begin their historic dialogue, national expectations are profoundly high and the dialogue is widely envisioned as a sanctuary where historical differences can finally be negotiated through peaceful discourse rather than confrontation, allowing diverse perspectives to shape a unified national vision. For millions of Ethiopians, tomorrow's opening session represents far more than the launch of a conventional conference. It marks the beginning of an ambitious, generation-defining effort to replace decades of political division with meaningful dialogue, sustainable consensus, and a collective commitment to forging a stable, peaceful, and prosperous future.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) — Prime Minister Abiy has received former Nigerian President Oluṣẹgun Ọbasanjọ, on the eve of Ethiopia's historic National Dialogue Conference. During the discussion, President Obasanjo shared his experience regarding the Biafra Peace Process. On his social media post PM Abiy wrote: ‘‘Today, on the eve of our historic National Dialogue, I received Ethiopia's dear friend Oluṣẹgun Ọbasanjọ in my office to discuss the upcoming National Dialogue and to draw on his wisdom from such journeys, where he shared with us his experience leading the Biafra Peace process.’ He further said the experience offers a great lesson for Ethiopia’s journey toward ensuring unity and lasting peace through dialogue. Ethiopia remains profoundly grateful for President Obasanjo's invaluable contributions, the PM added.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —The House of People's Representatives (HPR), in its second extraordinary session held today, unanimously approved two concessional loan agreements worth a combined 124.6 million euros with the governments of Italy and France. The agreements are anticipated to support Ethiopia's homegrown economic reform agenda and accelerate the East Africa nation’s digital transformation. The first agreement ratified by the House is a 70-million-euro concessional loan between the Government of Ethiopia and the Government of Italy.   The financing will serve as budget support under the World Bank's Third Ethiopia Sustainable Growth and Development Policy Operation (DPO III), providing direct support to the federal government's budget to advance ongoing macroeconomic reforms and foster sustainable economic growth. The Italian loan carries highly favorable terms, with no service charge, a 16-year grace period, and a 30-year repayment schedule. This agreement is considered as a long-term concessional financing package aimed at supporting Ethiopia's reform priorities. Lawmakers also unanimously endorsed a 54.6-million-euro concessional loan agreement between the Government of Ethiopia and the Government of France to finance the modernization and digitalization of Ethiopia's command-and-control and asset management systems.   The French loan features a 10-year grace period, a 25-year repayment term, and a concessional interest rate of just 0.347 percent. The project is expected to strengthen government institutions by modernizing key public administration systems, improving operational efficiency, and expanding digital public service delivery.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has called on all Ethiopians to unite behind the country’s historic National Dialogue, describing it as a defining national undertaking that will shape Ethiopia’s future and the destiny of generations to come. In a message shared X pages on the eve of the main dialogue’s commencement, the Prime Minister stressed that the process marks far more than a political event. He called it: “the beginning of a new chapter in our history” and a pivotal moment that will determine the nation’s shared future. Addressing all citizens committed to securing lasting peace, stability, and inclusive prosperity, PM Abiy said Ethiopia now stands at a critical crossroads where unity, wisdom, and collective responsibility are more essential than ever. “The opportunity is here, and the time is now,” he emphasized, urging Ethiopians to actively contribute to building a stronger, more peaceful nation through dialogue and mutual understanding. Drawing inspiration from the historic Battle of Adwa, the Prime Minister said that just as Ethiopia’s forefathers and foremothers defended the country’s freedom, sovereignty, and dignity through extraordinary sacrifice. Today’s generation is being called upon to fulfill a different but equally significant national responsibility, the Premier underscored. “This time,” he noted, “Ethiopia is not calling for those who carry rifles. It is calling for champions of peace—citizens guided by wisdom, truth, knowledge, and unwavering determination.” Prime Minister Abiy expressed confidence that the National Dialogue will provide a historic opportunity to resolve longstanding differences through civilized discussion, peaceful engagement, and national consensus rather than conflict. He affirmed that Ethiopia stands on the threshold of another great victory, asserting that the success of the nation and its people is inevitable when citizens choose dialogue over division and unity over discord. The Prime Minister concluded by expressing optimism that, through inclusive dialogue and a shared national vision, Ethiopians will overcome existing challenges and together build a peaceful, stable, and prosperous future for generations to come.