Addis Ababa, July 17, 2026 (ENA) — Ethiopia has assumed the Presidency of the Organization of African, Caribbean and Pacific States (OACPS), according to the Ministry of Finance. The Presidency was assumed during the OACPS Council of Ministers Meeting that brought together ministers and senior government officials from the organization's 79 member states to discuss key policy, institutional, and strategic priorities from July 15-16.   Following the official handover of the Presidency, Finance State Minister Semereta Sewasew said Ethiopia is committed to a results-oriented chairmanship focused on expanding economic opportunities, mobilizing sustainable financing, strengthening partnerships, and delivering tangible benefits to citizens across OACPS member countries.     She reaffirmed Ethiopia's commitment to reinforcing the OACPS as a dynamic platform for economic cooperation, sustainable development, and coordinated engagement on global issues. During talks with the outgoing OACPS President Moussa Saleh Batraki, the two sides discussed Ethiopia's priorities for its chairmanship, measures to enhance the organization's effectiveness and visibility, and ways to deepen cooperation with international partners. They also pledged to work closely throughout Ethiopia's tenure to advance the organization's strategic objectives. Ethiopia's assumption of the OACPS Presidency marks a significant milestone in the country's international engagement and provides an opportunity to strengthen cooperation among developing countries while advancing a more inclusive and effective multilateral system.

Addis Ababa, July 17, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia’s quest for sea access is firmly grounded in established legal principles, international law and regional agreements that guarantee landlocked states the right of access to the sea, the Libyan Professor Saad Salama, said. The Libyan scholar is in Ethiopia to attend the National Dialogue conference that opened on Tuesday. He wrote on LinkedIn that "as part of my academic and professional interest in national dialogue and peace building, I am currently in Ethiopia to observe the launch of the National Dialogue process and to examine this experience firsthand". According to him, Ethiopia and Libya share many common challenges and circumstances, making the study of the mechanisms of dialogue management and national consensus a valuable source of lessons and insights that may contribute to and inform the Libyan context. Speaking to Pulse of Africa (POA) on access to sea, the Professor stressed that the right of landlocked countries is not contingent upon political considerations or the positions of other states. It is based on well-established legal norms designed to enable such countries to exercise their economic and commercial rights in a manner that promotes sustainable development. According to the Professor, Ethiopia’s position on the issue is not driven by expansionist ambitions, but by a legal right recognized under international law; and the matter should be addressed within the framework of regional cooperation and the pursuit of shared interests among countries in the region. “All international laws and regional legal frameworks grant landlocked states the right to have access to the sea. It is a legitimate legal demand, and international law guarantees all landlocked countries the right of access to maritime outlets.” He further noted that Ethiopia’s history reflects a long-standing connection with the sea, pointing out that for much of its history the country was not landlocked. Ethiopia’s geographical location and its proximity to the Red Sea also reinforce the rationale for pursuing cooperative solutions that serve the interests of all parties. Professor Salama further highlighted Ethiopia’s significant economic and demographic potential, saying that any arrangements facilitating the country’s access to the sea would positively impact trade, investment, and regional economic integration across the Horn of Africa. He added that statements issued by Ethiopia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the matter demonstrate an approach based on cooperation and partnership, consistent with Ethiopia’s broader engagement on regional issues. Ethiopia’s official position emphasizes mutual benefit and constructive engagement rather than confrontation, he noted. He underscored that “Ethiopia’s aspiration to secure maritime access should not be portrayed as a favor or a grant from neighboring countries or coastal states. It is an inherent right guaranteed by all international legal instruments”. Moreover, the country’s participation in joint maritime and logistics projects could create new opportunities for growth, prosperity, and regional economic cooperation. Concluding his remarks, Professor Salama said that addressing Ethiopia’s quest for sea access should be guided by the principles of international law and the spirit of regional cooperation. Such an approach, he noted, would help strengthen stability, promote economic development, deepen integration among the countries of the Horn of Africa, and advance the long-term interests of the peoples of the region.

By Staff Writer July 16, 2026 (ENA) The opening day of Ethiopia's National Dialogue Conference on Tuesday July 15th 2026 sent two complementary messages. Domestically, it presented the dialogue as a decisive opportunity to transform Ethiopia's political culture by replacing cycles of confrontation with a tradition of consultation, compromise and consensus. Internationally, it attracted strong endorsements from leading African statesmen and regional institutions, elevating the initiative beyond a national exercise into a process with continental significance. The opening ceremony brought together more than 4,000 representatives from across Ethiopia, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, Ethiopian National Dialogue Chief Commissioner Professor Mesfin Araya, former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo, African Union Commissioner for Political Affairs, Peace and Security Ambassador Bankole Adeoye, and IGAD Executive Secretary Workneh Gebeyehu. While each speaker approached the dialogue from a different perspective, their messages converged around several central themes: rejection of political violence, need for inclusive dialogue, Ethiopian ownership of the process, national reconciliation, institutional renewal and Africa's confidence that Ethiopia can emerge as a model for peaceful conflict resolution.   Ending Cycle of Political Violence Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed set the tone by diagnosing what he described as Ethiopia's longstanding political dilemma. "Our politics begins with strong words and ends with strong action. This divide must be stopped once and for all." Rather than portraying today's tensions as isolated events, the Prime Minister argued that Ethiopia has developed a political culture in which disagreements repeatedly escalate into violence because peaceful mechanisms for resolving disputes have remained weak. His central message was that Ethiopia now faces a rare opportunity to fundamentally change that tradition. "The opportunity before us today is not one that comes often. We are gathered here to write history together." He urged the representatives to place national interests above political, ethnic and ideological divisions, arguing that future generations should remember this gathering as the moment Ethiopia deliberately chose dialogue over division. Ethiopian National Dialogue Chief Commissioner, Professor Mesfin Araya, on his part reinforced the same diagnosis from the perspective of the National Dialogue Commission. "Our country has repeatedly attempted to settle disagreements through force, exclusion and temporary political arrangements. None of these approaches has delivered lasting peace."   For the Commission, the dialogue is not another political conference but an institutional attempt to replace force with consultation as Ethiopia's primary method of addressing disputes over governance, constitutional arrangements, identity, historical grievances, resource sharing, and national unity. One of the strongest themes running throughout the opening day was the unanimous rejection of violence as a political instrument. Former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo offered perhaps the most forceful warning, drawing on Nigeria's own painful historical experience. "War does not bring any benefits," he said, adding that "a civil war is more serious and destructive than a war with an external enemy. We must (therefore) protect ourselves from civil war and conflict." His intervention carried particular moral authority because it reflected lessons learned from one of Africa's largest and most complex post conflict societies. Rather than offering theoretical observations, Obasanjo argued from experience that internal wars leave deeper institutional, social and psychological scars than conflicts with external enemies. IGAD Executive Secretary Workneh Gebeyehu further expanded this argument beyond security. "No nation has ever been built or prospered through conflict." His remarks linked peace directly with national development, suggesting that countries achieve lasting progress only when they prioritize dialogue, compromise and collective national interests over confrontation. Together with Prime Minister Abiy and Ethiopian National Dialogue Chief Commissioner Professor Mesfin, the remarks formed a remarkably consistent message that Ethiopia's future cannot be secured through force but only through sustained political dialogue.   Listening Instead of Winning A defining feature of the opening ceremony was the emphasis on changing not only political outcomes but political behavior itself. The Ethiopian National Dialogue Chief Commissioner argued that disagreement is a normal characteristic of democratic societies. "Having different views is natural. The problem begins when we attempt to silence differences through violence instead of resolving them through discussion." He further emphasized that dialogue should never be viewed as a contest between winners and losers. "Dialogue is not about defeating another person. It is about finding common ground while respecting differences." Similarly, Prime Minister Abiy repeatedly encouraged participants to listen patiently and sincerely rather than attempting to impose predetermined positions. This represents a significant conceptual shift from zero sum politics toward consensus-based governance, where political disagreement is managed institutionally rather than violently.   Continental Model The invited African speakers consistently elevated the dialogue beyond Ethiopia's domestic political landscape. Obasanjo described the conference as being "of historic significance not only for Ethiopia but for the whole of Africa." He positioned Ethiopia's experience within a broader continental effort to demonstrate that African countries can solve their own political challenges through dialogue rather than prolonged conflict. African Union Commissioner for Political Affairs, Peace and Security, Ambassador Bankole Adeoye, reinforced this position from the African Union's institutional perspective. "The Ethiopian National Dialogue is a foundation for lasting peace and national reconciliation." His statement reflects the African Union's broader policy preference for inclusive, nationally owned political processes as mechanisms for conflict prevention and post-conflict recovery. Similarly, IGAD Executive Secretary Workneh Gebeyehu described the conference as a defining historical moment. "This historic conference is a significant event that will open a new chapter in Ethiopia's long and proud history." Collectively, these interventions transformed the conference from a national reconciliation exercise into what many African leaders clearly view as a potential continental reference point for managing complex political diversity.   Ethiopian Ownership and African Solutions Another major point of convergence was the insistence that Ethiopia itself must own both the dialogue and its outcomes. Ambassador Adeoye repeatedly described the process as nationally led, emphasizing that the African Union's role is to support rather than direct Ethiopia's political choices. IGAD Executive Secretary Workneh took this argument further by highlighting Ethiopia's own historical traditions of reconciliation. "There is no need to look abroad for solutions to our problems. Ethiopia has many positive and exemplary experiences that can guide this process." This reflects an increasingly prominent African philosophy that durable peace is most likely when countries build upon indigenous institutions, cultural traditions and locally accepted mechanisms instead of relying exclusively on externally designed political formulas. Beyond immediate conflict resolution, the speakers presented the dialogue as a long-term state building project. Obasanjo argued that the conference should ultimately produce "a strong and united Ethiopia," capable of rallying citizens around a shared national vision while positioning the country as one of Africa's leading states. Prime Minister Abiy similarly connected domestic unity with Ethiopia's strategic interests, suggesting that political fragmentation historically created opportunities for external actors to exploit internal divisions. National reconciliation, therefore, was presented not only as a political objective but also as an essential component of national sovereignty and regional influence. Professor Mesfin also emphasized that the conference should be viewed as the beginning rather than the conclusion of a much longer process. "This conference is not the destination. It is the beginning of a national journey toward understanding, trust, and lasting peace." His remarks highlighted the institutional maturity of the ENDC, which after nearly four years of nationwide consultations, agenda collection and stakeholder engagement, has now entered its substantive deliberation phase.   Regional Stability and Continental Stakes The African Union and IGAD made clear that Ethiopia's stability has implications extending well beyond its borders. For the African Union, the country's peace is closely linked to the stability of the Horn of Africa, particularly given the country's strategic position, diplomatic influence and role as host of the AU headquarters. Likewise, IGAD reaffirmed its commitment to accompany Ethiopia throughout the dialogue process, recognizing that developments inside Ethiopia inevitably affect regional security, trade, migration and political integration. Their endorsements therefore represent both solidarity with Ethiopia and recognition that successful dialogue would strengthen broader regional stability. Conclusion The opening day of Ethiopia's National Dialogue Conference established both the political philosophy and the strategic ambitions that are expected to guide the process in the weeks ahead. The messages delivered by the speakers focused on transforming Ethiopia's political culture by replacing confrontation with consultation, acknowledging historical grievances, strengthening institutions and encouraging compromise over coercion. These domestic messages were reinforced by a unified continental voice. Former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo contributed historical perspective by warning against the devastating consequences of civil conflict and urging Ethiopians to build a united nation around shared aspiration. African Union Commissioner Ambassador Bankole Adeoye affirmed the dialogue as a nationally owned foundation for lasting peace and reconciliation, while IGAD Executive Secretary Workneh Gebeyehu emphasized Ethiopia's own traditions of consultation and called on the country to demonstrate that dialogue remains the only sustainable path to national renewal.   Taken together, the speeches reveal an emerging consensus that Ethiopia's National Dialogue is more than a political conference. It is an ambitious attempt to redefine how one of Africa's oldest states manages diversity, resolves disputes and builds national consensus. Whether it ultimately succeeds will depend not on the symbolism of its opening, but on the willingness of participants to translate dialogue into durable agreements, institutional reforms, and a shared vision capable of securing lasting peace for future generations.

Addis Ababa, July 16, 2026 (ENA) —President Taye Atske Selassie bade farewell to Austrian Ambassador Simone Knapp and Czech Ambassador Miroslav Kosek upon the completion of their diplomatic missions in Ethiopia. The President commended the ambassadors for their efforts of strengthening socio-economic and political spheres of cooperation between Ethiopia and their respective countries. He emphasized the need for continuing collaboration building on the progress achieved. Speaking to ENA, Austria's Ambassador Knapp expressed gratitude for her four years in the country, describing Ethiopia as a “beautifully diverse” nation where she had meaningful interactions with Ethiopians throughout her tenure.   Ambassador Knapp credited Austrian–Ethiopian cooperation for enabling multiple diplomatic and development initiatives, including business engagement efforts that brought more than 25 Austrian companies to Ethiopia over the years to better understand the country and explore partnerships. A number of Austrian firms are already taking steps toward investing in Ethiopia and the momentum is supported by Ethiopia’s ongoing economic reforms she described as bold and confidence-building for investors. The Ambassador also pointed to strong people-to-people connections, long-standing university cooperation, and growing cultural links, including artistic exchanges involving both Austrian and Ethiopian musicians. Stating the over 120 years diplomatic relations between Ethiopia and Austria, Ambassador Knapp pointed out that there remains room to deepen ties, particularly on the business front. For his part, Ambassador Kosek said his four-year mission was very fruitful in the efforts to strengthen bilateral relations.   He noted several areas of progress in business and culture that helped introduce Ethiopia to Central Europe while promoting the country as a tourism destination. The Ambassador described Ethiopia as a strategic partner for the Czech Republic in Africa, saying Czech efforts focus on expanding cooperation and promoting technology exchange in sectors including e-mobility, hydrogeology, and health, among others.

Addis Ababa, July 16, 2026 (ENA) —State Minister of Finance Semereta Sewasew and European Commissioner for International Partnerships Jozef Síkela held talks on expanding the Ethiopia-European Union strategic partnership, with discussions focusing on trade, investment, development finance, and sustainable economic transformation. According to the social media post, during the meeting, State Minister Semereta expressed Ethiopia's appreciation for the European Union's recent budget support agreement, describing it as a strong vote of confidence in the country's ongoing reform agenda and its commitment to supporting macroeconomic stability, sustainable growth, and improved development outcomes. She highlighted Ethiopia's continued efforts to strengthen economic governance and public financial management through reforms aimed at enhancing budget credibility, transparency, accountability, and public investment management, while creating a more predictable environment for development partners and investors. The two sides agreed that Ethiopia-EU relations are evolving into a broader strategic partnership driven by stronger economic cooperation, increased trade, investment promotion, and private sector engagement. Semereta said Ethiopia is seeking to attract greater European investment in priority sectors, including renewable energy, manufacturing, agro-processing, logistics, digital transformation, and industrial development. The discussions also explored opportunities to align Ethiopia's investment priorities with the European Union's Global Gateway strategy by leveraging blended finance, guarantees, and partnerships with European companies and financial institutions to mobilize greater private sector investment. The State Minister highlighted the strategic importance of the Bishoftu International Airport project, describing it as a transformative investment that will strengthen Ethiopia's regional connectivity, aviation capacity, and logistics network while reinforcing the country's role as a gateway for trade and investment in Africa. She invited greater participation from European companies, investors, and technical partners in the implementation and operation of the project. Semereta also underscored the significance of Ethiopia's coffee sector as a cornerstone of the country's export economy and proposed establishing an Ethiopia-EU Coffee Partnership Platform to promote sustainable, traceable, and value-added coffee supply chains through closer collaboration between governments, investors, financial institutions, and coffee companies. Regarding the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), she stressed the importance of continued cooperation to ensure sustainability requirements support, rather than hinder, Ethiopia's coffee sector by strengthening traceability systems, supporting smallholder farmers, mobilizing investment, and safeguarding Ethiopian coffee exports to the European market. The State Minister further briefed Commissioner Síkela on Ethiopia's assumption of the Chairmanship of the Organization of African, Caribbean and Pacific States (OACPS), noting that it presents an opportunity to advance stronger Africa-EU cooperation in trade, investment, climate action, sustainable development, and innovative financing. She also updated the Commissioner on Ethiopia's preparations to host COP32 and invited the European Union to strengthen cooperation on climate finance, green investment, and climate-resilient development initiatives. The meeting concluded with both sides reaffirming their commitment to further deepening the Ethiopia-European Union strategic partnership and translating their shared vision into concrete initiatives that promote investment, innovation, sustainable economic growth, and shared prosperity.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Egypt’s continued accusations against Ethiopia over GERD fail to reflect historical facts and the principles of equitable utilization and cooperation enshrined in international law, MP Mohammed Al-Arousi told ENA. He further underscored that the claims overlook the development rights of upstream Nile Basin countries. Speaking on unfounded accusation over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam GERD, Al-Arousi said portraying Ethiopia as acting alone over the Abay River distorts both historical facts and the legal framework governing shared international watercourses. HParticularly, his remarks came in response to repeated statements by Egyptian officials, which he said reflect not legal realities but a lingering nostalgia for an era of exclusive dominance over the Abay River. For instance, Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty stated that negotiations over GERD had reached a deadlock. In that regard, Al-Arousi noted that more than 86 percent of the Abay's waters originate from Ethiopia, arguing that the country's pursuit of hydropower development reflects its sovereign right to utilize its natural resources in an equitable and reasonable manner. "Accusing Ethiopia of unilateralism is political propaganda that contradicts our long-standing diplomatic record of patience and flexibility," Al-Arousi said. The parliamentarian contended that the real legacy of unilateralism stems from decades of reliance on colonial-era agreements, he said. Rejecting what he described as an outdated centuries-old narrative surrounding the Abay River, he argued that it sought to grant Egypt exclusive control over the Nile while excluding upstream countries from decisions concerning the management and use of the shared river. According to Al-Arousi, Ethiopia's construction of the GERD represents a historic shift toward a more equitable and inclusive approach to Nile Basin water governance, replacing what he described as an outdated era of "water hegemony." He stressed that Ethiopia engaged in GERD negotiations for more than 13 years, consistently engaging in diplomatic dialogue and demonstrating restraint despite prolonged disagreements. During that period, he argued, negotiations were repeatedly delayed by positions taken by Egypt and at times Sudan—which he said sought to slow the project's implementation and introduce broader water allocation arrangements beyond the dam's technical scope. Al-Arousi also pointed to the 2015 Declaration of Principles, voluntarily signed by Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan in Khartoum, emphasizing that Article Five provides for the filling and operation of the dam to proceed alongside ongoing consultations. He said Ethiopia's successive filling and operational phases have been conducted in line with the agreement, making allegations of unilateral action legally and factually unfounded. The lawmaker further underscored that the GERD was constructed entirely within Ethiopia's internationally recognized territory and financed by Ethiopians without external loans, describing it as both a national development project and a milestone in advancing equitable management of transboundary water resources. "Ethiopia did not build merely a dam; it is rewriting the history of justice and equality in the Nile Basin," he said. Al-Arousi also maintained that Ethiopia's position is firmly anchored in international law. He cited the United Nations principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources, which affirms every state's right to develop resources within its own territory, as well as the 1997 UN Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses, whose core principles call for equitable and reasonable utilization of shared rivers. He noted that Egypt is not a party to the convention, adding that contemporary international water law no longer recognizes exclusive "historical rights" derived from agreements concluded without the participation of upstream states. Instead, he said, it is based on equitable utilization, taking into account geographic, hydrological, environmental, and developmental factors. Al-Arousi said Ethiopia's use of the Abay River is driven by the need to expand electricity access for more than 70 million citizens who still lack reliable power. He argued that denying upstream countries the opportunity to harness their natural resources for development has no legal, moral, or equitable basis. He stressed Ethiopia’s firm position that the GERD represents a pathway toward sustainable growth and a fairer partnership among countries sharing the Abay River.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Resolving differences through national dialogue will open a new chapter for Ethiopia, Executive Secretary of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), Workneh Gebeyehu, said. Addressing the Ethiopian National Dialogue Conference today, the Executive Secretary said this historic dialogue will open a new chapter in Ethiopia’s long-standing and prestigious history. He pointed out that no country was built or profited from conflict in world’s history. Countries that have attained success today were able to prioritize their national interests by listening to one another and discussing, Workneh said, adding that differences can only be resolved through a peaceful manner and dialogue.   Stating that Ethiopia is not a new nation searching for its identity, the Executive Secretary said Ethiopia is the land of one of the ancient and strongest civilizations on earth. The country has deep and wonderful reconciliation mechanisms. The traditional problem resolving mechanisms are key instruments that can help cure Ethiopia's wounds, according to Workneh. He further stressed that there is no need for searching solutions from outside for internal problems, emphasizing the need for focusing on the plenty of positive and model mechanisms internally.   The national dialogue is a stage where Ethiopians can demonstrate in practice that they can resolve their differences through dialogue and mutual respect. The Executive Secretary finally underscored that Ethiopia's history will be shaped through dialogue, urging all to resolve issues through dialogue while reaffirming IGAD’s commitment to stand firmly by Ethiopia's side in this historic journey.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) — The European Union is committed to deepening its partnership with Ethiopia through expanded cooperation in investment, digital governance, renewable energy, and critical raw materials, EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission, Kaja Kallas, said. She made the remarks after holding separate talks with Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and Foreign Affairs Minister Gedion Timothewos during her visit to Addis Ababa. In an exclusive interview with ENA, Kallas said the discussions focused on strengthening Ethiopia-EU relations, enhancing EU-Africa cooperation, addressing regional security challenges, and identifying new areas of economic collaboration. "Our two meetings were about EU and Ethiopia relations—how we can make them stronger and what more we can do together," the High Representative said, noting that regional security issues were also high on the agenda. Highlighting the growing interest of European companies in Ethiopia, Kallas said businesses are eager to invest and expand their operations in the country. "They (businesses) are very much interested in working together and investing here in Ethiopia. But they also need to see that there is a business environment that is really welcoming," she said, adding that concerns related to retroactive laws and taxation were raised during her discussions with Ethiopian officials. The High Representative identified digital governance as one of the key areas where Ethiopia and the European Union can strengthen cooperation, saying digital technologies can improve public service delivery and create new economic opportunities. She also underscored the importance of energy cooperation, noting that Ethiopia's abundant renewable energy resources combined with Europe's technological expertise present significant opportunities for mutually beneficial partnerships. "You (Ethiopians) have plenty of renewable energy. We have the know-how. So, we can put them together not only for the benefit of your people, but also for the benefit of our people." Kallas further pointed to Ethiopia's critical raw materials as another strategic sector for cooperation, stressing that the European Union supports development of these minerals. "You have the raw materials. (And) our offer is that we want the jobs and growth to stay in Africa because it's jobs for your people," she stressed. The High Representative stated that creating jobs, promoting stability and strengthening security in Africa are the shared interest of both partners, noting that sustainable development also contributes to addressing the root causes of irregular migration. "It is very much in both of our interests that we work together on these issues," she said. The visit comes as Ethiopia and the European Union seek to further strengthen their longstanding partnership. Earlier in the day, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said he had held a productive meeting with Kallas, during which they exchanged views on reinforcing the strategic partnership between Africa and the European Union, addressing regional challenges and expanding economic cooperation. Foreign Minister Gedion Timothewos also reaffirmed Ethiopia's commitment to deepening its longstanding partnership with the EU. During his meeting with Kallas, he briefed her on the National Dialogue Conference, describing it as an inclusive, transparent and nationally led process aimed at building consensus, strengthening national unity and promoting lasting peace. The two sides affirmed their commitment to further enhancing Ethiopia-EU cooperation across all areas of mutual interest and underscored the importance of the upcoming Third Ethiopia-European Union Structured Dialogue as a key platform for advancing their strategic engagement.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Former Nigerian President and African Union Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Olusegun Obasanjo, has stressed the historic significance of the Ethiopian national dialogue for both Ethiopia and the wider African continent. At the opening of the National Dialogue Conference today, Obasanjo expressed profound appreciation to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed for his visionary leadership, patriotism, and dedication to the future of Ethiopia. He also reflected on the deep-rooted historical and social parallels shared between Nigeria and Ethiopia, noting their similar paths in navigating national challenges. Underscoring the critical importance of drawing lessons from history, the former Nigerian President cautioned that internal conflict yields no benefits and is far more devastating than fighting an external adversary. He emphasized that nations must diligently guard against the perils of civil strife, urging the public to protect the fabric of their unity. Lauding Ethiopia's ongoing peace-building initiatives, Obasanjo commended the National Dialogue Commission for its remarkable achievements and meticulous preparations to date. He outlined that the primary strategic objectives of the dialogue are to forge a robust, unified society and to rally all Ethiopians around a singular grand vision. The former President further highlighted that positioning Ethiopia as a leading force in Africa and a beacon of opportunity on the global stage remains a vital strategic pillar of the dialogue. He expressed confidence that these noble aspirations are fully attainable, urging the assembly to remain steadfastly focused on these strategic goals to achieve enduring success.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed held talks with EU High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, early this afternoon. The two sides discussed about ways of deepening EU-Africa relations, addressing regional challenges, and expanding economic cooperation. Following the meeting, Prime Minister Abiy wrote on X that the discussion was productive, saying both sides exchanged views on key areas of mutual interest aimed at strengthening the strategic partnership between Africa and the European Union. "I was pleased to welcome EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, for a productive meeting today," the Prime Minister said.   The talks centered on reinforcing EU-Africa relations, while also addressing pressing regional issues of shared concern, he added. PM Abiy and EU High Representative Kallas further explored strategic avenues to broaden economic cooperation, underscoring their commitment to enhancing trade, investment and development partnerships between Ethiopia, Africa and the European Union.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia’s national dialogue is a testimony and landmark in realizing sustainable peace and growth as the country’s peace, stability and unity is critical for the region and the continent in general, AU Political Affairs, Peace and Security Commissioner Bankole Adeoye said. Addressing the opening of Ethiopia’s National Dialogue Conference, African Union Commissioner for Political Affairs, Peace and Security, Bankole Adeoye, commended the depth and the participation of the historic national dialogue, expressing AU’s delight to be part of this history.   The African Union backs this historic event and historic opportunity, the Commissioner underscored, adding that the national dialogue is a testimony and landmark for Ethiopia in realizing sustainable peace and growth. The national dialogue is a vivid demonstration of Ethiopia’s determination to ensure sustained stability that represents vast diversity from various walks of life, he added. Reaffirming the commitment of the African Union to support for the successful completion of the national dialogue, he emphasized the significance of indigenous solutions for sustainable growth, lasting peace, and stability. Commissioner Adeoye further stressed that Ethiopia’s peace, stability and unity are critical for the region and the continent in general, serving as the diplomatic capital of Africa and the seat of the African Union Commission.   He further reasserted AUC’s strong commitment to further continue collaborating with Ethiopia for the realization of lasting peace, stability, and the nation’s sustainable growth. The 4,000 Ethiopian representatives are participating at the historic national dialogue conference that will deliberate for three weeks of structured national deliberations. To guide these pivotal discussions, the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission has identified 8 major agenda pillars carefully distilled from the core priorities and systemic concerns raised by citizens during the extensive grassroots consultations.   Established in 2021 as an independent institution, the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission was mandated to facilitate an inclusive national dialogue aimed at generating consensus on issues that have historically divided Ethiopians and to contribute to lasting peace, stability, and national unity.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —The Ethiopian National Dialogue Conference, which is monumental in scope, process, duration, and potentially in the results it will yield, can serve in many ways as an exemplary model for Africa, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said today. Opening the conference, the PM described the dialogue as an all-inclusive platform in scope, process, duration, and potential impact. “This conference is a comprehensive platform for discussion, consultation, and discourse that is truly unique in Ethiopia's modern history. It is monumental in scope, process, duration, and potentially in the results it will yield; it is an undertaking of immense significance that can in many ways serve as a powerful example for the rest of Africa,” he noted.   He warned that failing to seize such opportunities risks writing a harmful history marked by division rather than development. Citing the ancient Chinese military general, strategist, and philosopher Sun Tzu as saying that opportunities multiply as they are seized, the premier added that his government has used the reform years to carry out political, economic, and military reforms and improve the country’s trajectory. PM Abiy defended the four-year national dialogue which involved hundreds of thousands of inhabitants and the Ethiopian diaspora as inclusive rather than elitist. He further attributed Ethiopia’s loss of access to the Red Sea to internal weaknesses rather than any force strong enough to stop the country's rightful interests.   The premier warned against what he called “vultures hovering in Ethiopian skies” trying to take advantage of national disagreements, stressing that Ethiopian citizens should choose how interests are shared and resist coercion. He said Ethiopia’s resilience is rooted in longstanding traditions of arbitration, dialogue, forgiveness, and compensation, and argued that anchoring the consultation in that heritage will endure for decades. The Warka tree (sycamore tree) is a symbol of Ethiopia’s culture of reconciliation, PM Abiy, stated, explaining that it is where disputes are settled, teachings are given, families gather, and communities preserve history under the shade. Cutting down the Warka tree symbolically represents shrinking consultation and growing intolerance in Ethiopia, he noted.   The PM invoked proverbs from multiple communities to urge participants to consult for the sake of Ethiopia rather than their own groups, arguing that understanding grievances requires listening and engagement across communities. He finally noted that the forum carries responsibility not only for today’s population but also for future generations.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has called on Ethiopians to seize the once-in-a-generation opportunity to shape the country's future, urging participants of the National Dialogue Conference to embrace responsibility and safeguard the country's sovereignty through unity. Addressing the opening session of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa today, the PM described the process as one of the most significant political undertakings in Ethiopia's modern history. The Prime Minister noted that the dialogue represents a rare historical opportunity to build a stronger, more united Ethiopia, and to ensure future generations inherit a nation that has overcome the divisions of the past. "We must work with a great sense of responsibility so that our children do not once again miss the opportunities that we and our predecessors failed to achieve," he said. PM Abiy further emphasized that history presents nations with defining moments that either become turning points for renewal or missed opportunities that deepen divisions.   He urged participants to approach the conference with wisdom, humility, and a long-term vision for the country. "This dialogue offers opportunity to write a history that strengthens the nation for generations to come," the premier noted, warning that failure to seize such a moment could produce a legacy that weakens national cohesion, limits development, and narrows the country's future prospects. Ethiopia's future depends on building consensus through mutual respect and genuine engagement with differing perspectives, he added. Quoting Afar elders, Prime Minister Abiy said the participants should remember that no one can fully understand another person's concerns without first listening to them directly. "A common solution can only be found by listening to the other side," he noted.   The Prime Minister further called on the delegates to pursue solutions that serve the common good rather than narrow interests. Drawing on another traditional proverb from Tigray elders, Abiy highlighted the value of collective wisdom, saying the exchange of ideas among many people produces stronger and more enduring solutions than individual viewpoints. PM Abiy also reminded the representatives that they carry the hopes of more than 130 million Ethiopians and generations yet to come, calling on them to deliberate with sincerity, responsibility and commitment to lasting peace. Beyond domestic unity, the premier cautioned against external actors seeking to exploit Ethiopia's internal differences for geopolitical advantage.   Using a traditional proverb from the Tembaro community, he likened such actors to vultures that appear only after conflict, seeking to benefit from the nation's difficulties. Reflecting on Ethiopia's history, PM Abiy reminded that periods of internal division have often created opportunities for outside interference, including the country's loss of direct access to the Red Sea. He said the current propaganda campaigns reflect attempts to weaken Ethiopia by fueling internal discord. "The people of Ethiopia must know one thing," he said. "Our differences should be resolved in a civilized manner around the table." Emphasizing Ethiopia's sovereign right to determine its own future, the PM declared that national interests cannot be dictated by external forces.   "We are the ones who decide our affairs," he said, affirming that Ethiopia's destiny belongs to its people alone.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) — Ethiopia's dialogue is not a mechanism set to erase its beautiful diversity, but a civilized forum to establish a system where all coexist harmoniously with differences, Chief Commissioner Mesfin Araya said today. Speaking at the grand opening of the highly anticipated National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa, the Chief Commissioner expressed optimism that the landmark gathering will foster a resilient national consensus, heal historical wounds, and lay the foundation for a shared, peaceful future. Mesfin noted that while Ethiopia boasts a glorious history and a rich diversity of cultures, it has continuously been tested by deep-seated political disagreements. He emphasized that ideological divergence is a hallmark of democratic vitality, and that tragedy only arises when society attempts to resolve these variations through violence, exclusion, or resentment. Historical precedents have proven that force or transient fixes cannot remedy systemic problems, the Chief Commissioner stressed, adding that the only viable path forward is an inclusive, transparent, and scientifically structured national dialogue. To ensure the utmost integrity and credibility of the process, the Commission spent the last four years establishing transparent and legally sound operational guidelines. These robust frameworks were designed to guarantee accountability and clear procedural rules at every stage of the deliberations, according to Mesfin. Alongside these, the Commission prioritized inclusive representation, working tirelessly to ensure the authentic and fair participation of farmers, pastoralists, women, youth, political parties, and civic institutions from all walks of life. Furthermore, a comprehensive grassroots agenda formulation was conducted to gather the genuine anxieties, ideas, and aspirations of the public. These submissions were then systematically refined into actionable agenda pillars.   Finally, the Commission executed extensive public awareness campaigns across the country, cultivating a deep sense of nationwide ownership and ensuring that every citizen understood their vital role in this historic journey. The deliberations will pivot around eight major agenda pillars reflecting citizen priorities, which encompass state building, the structure of government, the constitutional status of federal cities, religious affairs, institutional building, the rule of law, socio-economic affairs, and peace building. The Chief Commissioner underscored that the ultimate goals of this historic dialogue are to anchor a culture of roundtable dialogue, heal historical wounds, and foster a new bond of trust between citizens, political forces, and the state. He extended his deepest gratitude to the Federal Government, regional administrations, civil society, the diaspora, and international partners, notably the UNDP, for their unwavering technical and financial support. Mesfin finally called on all the representatives to transcend narrow group interests and look toward the grand horizon of a unified, peaceful Ethiopia. The National Dialogue Conference has brought together 4,000 representatives drawn from over 1,200 woredas. Over the coming weeks, the representatives will engage in deliberations designed to address Ethiopia's most pressing and deep-rooted issues. Prime Minister Abiy, senior government officials, religious leaders, traditional elders, and members of the international diplomatic corps graced the historic inaugural ceremony.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Foreign Affairs Minister Gedion Timothewos held talks with the European Union's High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission, Kaja Kallas focusing on strengthening Ethiopia-EU relations. During the meeting, FM Gedion reaffirmed Ethiopia's commitment to its longstanding partnership with the European Union, stressing the country's readiness to further deepen bilateral ties and expand cooperation in areas of mutual interest. He also briefed about the Historic National Dialogue Conference, which officially opened in Addis Ababa today.   The FM said the national dialogue demonstrates Ethiopia's commitment to resolving longstanding national challenges through an inclusive, transparent, and nationally led process designed to build consensus, strengthen national unity, and promote lasting peace. The two sides reaffirmed their shared commitment to further enhancing the Ethiopia-EU partnership across all areas of cooperation. They also underscored the importance of the upcoming Third Ethiopia-European Union Structured Dialogue as a key platform for advancing strategic engagement between the two partners.   In addition, Gedion and Kallas exchanged views on regional and global developments of mutual interest.

Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia's long-awaited National Dialogue Conference officially opened in Addis Ababa today. The conference has brought together over 4,000 representatives from across the country for what is expected to be a landmark effort to build national consensus on the country's most pressing issues. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, senior government officials, members of the diplomatic community, religious leaders, elders, and other invited guests attended the opening ceremony. The conference, organized by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), marks the beginning of several weeks of structured deliberations aimed at fostering common understanding and reaching consensus on key national priorities. Participants are expected to engage in intensive discussions designed to help chart a shared vision for Ethiopia's future and contribute to lasting peace, national unity, and reconciliation. The delegates, drawn from more than 1,200 woredas across the country, represent diverse communities, civil society organizations, religious institutions, youth, women, and other segments of society. Unlike previous political conferences largely driven by political elites, the national dialogue process has been built on extensive grassroots consultations conducted throughout Ethiopia. Before the official opening, participants underwent intensive orientation sessions on the dialogue process, deliberation methods, and consensus-building approaches. The delegates were also briefed on the procedures that will guide the discussions during the three-week conference. Over the past week, thousands of delegates arrived in Addis Ababa through coordinated air and land transportation and have been accommodated at the Ethiopian Civil Service University and the Federal Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institute. Beginning with the formal deliberations, participants will discuss agenda items identified through nationwide public consultations conducted by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission. The Commission has organized the agenda around eight major thematic pillars reflecting the priorities and concerns raised by citizens during the consultation process. The pillars include state building, structure and form of government, the constitutional status and governance of the federal cities of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, religious affairs, institutional building, the rule of law and human rights, socio-economic affairs, anti-corruption and good governance, and peacebuilding. Discussions on state building will focus on historical narratives, national identity, citizenship, and social cohesion. Deliberations on governance will examine the federal system, constitutional order, among others, while discussions on Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa will address their constitutional status, governance, and national roles. Participants will also consider ways to strengthen interfaith harmony and peaceful coexistence, reinforce democratic institutions and judicial independence, safeguard human rights, promote equitable socio-economic development, improve resource management, and address the concerns of farmers, pastoralists, and young people. The remaining discussions will focus on strengthening transparency and accountability in public institutions, combating corruption, advancing reconciliation, preventing conflict, and establishing sustainable mechanisms for lasting peace. The National Dialogue Conference is widely regarded as a significant milestone in Ethiopia's efforts to resolve long-standing political, social, and economic challenges through inclusive dialogue and consensus-based solutions.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, accompanied by senior government officials and leaders of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), toured an exhibition showcasing the four-year journey of Ethiopia's National Dialogue process ahead of the official opening of the National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa. The exhibition highlighted the extensive preparations undertaken since the Commission's establishment in late 2021, documenting nationwide consultations, agenda-setting efforts, and institutional work that culminated in the launch of what many consider one of Ethiopia's most significant political initiatives in recent history. With the opening of the conference, Ethiopia has entered a pivotal chapter in its modern political journey, embarking on one of its most ambitious national efforts to address longstanding political, constitutional, and social challenges through dialogue rather than confrontation.   Convened by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission—an independent institution established by the House of Peoples' Representatives—the conference represents the culmination of years of consultations involving communities across the country. It reflects a national commitment to resolving deeply rooted differences through inclusive engagement, consensus-building, and peaceful deliberation instead of conflict. For many Ethiopians, the National Dialogue is more than a political event. It is viewed as a historic opportunity to address longstanding national grievances through peaceful discussion, strengthen mutual understanding among diverse communities, and forge a shared vision for the country's future. The dialogue brings together representatives from a broad cross-section of Ethiopian society, including political parties, religious leaders, elders, women, youth, civil society organizations, academics, business leaders, internally displaced persons, and other community representatives. The inclusive process is intended to ensure that diverse voices contribute to shaping the country's future.   The significance of the National Dialogue extends beyond Ethiopia's borders. As the diplomatic capital of Africa and host of the African Union, Ethiopia plays a central role in the Horn of Africa's political and economic landscape. Greater stability in the country is expected to contribute to regional peace, strengthen economic cooperation, facilitate trade and investment, and reinforce broader continental integration efforts. Observers also note that the dialogue could provide valuable lessons for other African countries seeking nationally owned and inclusive approaches to conflict resolution, reconciliation, and democratic governance.   If successful, Ethiopia's experience may serve as an important example of how dialogue can help address complex political differences while promoting lasting peace, national unity, and democratic renewal.

By Yordanos D. Addis Ababa, July 15, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia has entered a pivotal chapter in its modern political history. With the opening of the National Dialogue Conference in Addis Ababa, the country has embarked on one of its most ambitious efforts to confront longstanding political divisions through dialogue rather than conflict. Launched by the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission (ENDC), an independent body established by the House of Peoples' Representatives in late 2021, the conference marks the culmination of years of nationwide consultations, agenda collection, and institutional preparations. More importantly, it signals a national commitment to addressing deep-rooted challenges through inclusive engagement instead of political confrontation. For many Ethiopians, the National Dialogue represents far more than a political gathering. It is an opportunity to resolve longstanding national disputes through peaceful discussion rather than violence and to forge a shared vision for the future of one of Africa's oldest states. The dialogue also carries importance beyond Ethiopia's borders. As the headquarters of the African Union and a key political and economic actor in the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia's stability has direct implications for regional peace, trade, migration, and continental diplomacy. A successful dialogue would therefore resonate across Africa, offering lessons on nationally owned approaches to conflict resolution.   A New Chapter for Ethiopia For a nation of more than 130 million people, the National Dialogue offers a rare opportunity to break with a history in which major political transitions have too often been accompanied by violence and instability. The process seeks to replace confrontation with consultation by creating a formal platform where political disagreements are addressed through dialogue, compromise, and consensus. One of the dialogue's defining characteristics is its commitment to inclusiveness. Farmers, women, youth, internally displaced persons, religious leaders, elders, political parties, civil society organizations, academics, business leaders, and representatives of diverse communities have all been invited to participate. This broad representation gives groups that have often remained on the margins of political decision making an opportunity to contribute directly to shaping Ethiopia's future. The Commission has also emphasized equality among participants. Official titles and positions will not be recognized during the deliberations, allowing ministers, professors, military officers, traditional leaders, and ordinary citizens to participate on equal footing. By minimizing hierarchy, the Commission hopes to encourage open and candid discussions where every participant can freely express their views. For historically underrepresented groups, including pastoralist communities, remote rural populations, women, and internally displaced people, the dialogue represents an unprecedented opportunity to influence national decision making.   Addressing Historical Divisions Ethiopia's political landscape has long been shaped by competing interpretations of its history. While many celebrate the country's legacy of independence and statehood, others point to histories of political exclusion, cultural marginalization, and unequal development. These contrasting narratives have influenced political identities and contributed to recurring tensions among communities. The National Dialogue provides a structured platform to address these sensitive issues through discussion rather than avoidance. Although it may not eliminate every disagreement, the process seeks to build greater understanding and lay the foundation for a shared national vision that respects Ethiopia's diversity while strengthening a common sense of citizenship. The dialogue will also examine some of the country's most consequential constitutional and governance questions. To guide these discussions, the Commission has identified eight thematic pillars covering nation building, the structure of the state, the constitutional status of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, religious affairs, institution building, transitional justice, socio economic issues, peace building, and good governance. Through these thematic discussions, participants will deliberate on constitutional reforms, electoral processes, peaceful mechanisms for resolving boundary disputes, and ways to strengthen democratic institutions. Equally important is the opportunity to build consensus on safeguarding the independence, transparency, and accountability of institutions such as the judiciary, electoral authorities, and law enforcement agencies, which are essential for restoring public confidence in the state. Supporting Peace and Transitional Justice Years of conflict have left Ethiopia confronting difficult questions about accountability, reconciliation, and national healing. Communities affected by violence seek justice for victims, while policymakers must also consider how to promote reconciliation and social cohesion. The National Dialogue has the potential to complement Ethiopia's transitional justice process by building broad political consensus on the principles that should guide accountability and reconciliation. Rather than framing these objectives as competing priorities, the dialogue creates space to develop a balanced approach that incorporates truth seeking, justice, reparations, institutional reform, and national healing. If implemented effectively, such a framework could help address longstanding grievances and reduce the risk of future conflict. Regional and Continental Significance The importance of Ethiopia's National Dialogue extends well beyond its borders. As host of the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Ethiopia occupies a strategic position in continental affairs. Greater political stability would strengthen peace and security throughout the Horn of Africa, where instability often has cross border consequences through refugee flows, insecurity, and disruptions to regional trade. Economic gains could also be substantial. Ethiopia is one of Eastern Africa's largest markets and relies heavily on regional transport corridors, particularly through Djibouti. A more stable political environment would encourage trade, attract investment, strengthen infrastructure connectivity, and expand regional energy cooperation.   Beyond its economic and security implications, the dialogue may offer a valuable model for other African countries facing constitutional disputes, ethnic tensions, or post conflict transitions. If successful, Ethiopia's experience could demonstrate the value of inclusive, nationally led dialogue in addressing deeply rooted political divisions. For the African Union, headquartered in Addis Ababa, a peaceful and stable Ethiopia would reinforce the effectiveness of African solutions to African challenges and strengthen confidence in continental peace and governance mechanisms. Conclusion The Ethiopian National Dialogue represents one of the country's most ambitious attempts to address longstanding political, constitutional, and social challenges through peaceful consultation rather than confrontation. For Ethiopians, it offers an opportunity to replace recurring cycles of conflict with a culture of dialogue, mutual respect, and peaceful political competition. For the Ethiopian state, it provides a pathway to strengthen institutions, improve governance, and build a more inclusive constitutional order. For Africa, it stands as a significant test of whether nationally owned and African led dialogue can provide durable solutions to complex political challenges.

Addis Ababa, July 14, 2026 (ENA) —American political analyst Andrew Korybko underscored that Ethiopia possesses the sovereign and internationally recognized legal right to equitably utilize the Abay River, including the construction and operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Meanwhile, the analyst accused Egypt of intensifying what he described as an “information warfare campaign” against Ethiopia over the Abay dispute. Speaking to the Ethiopian News Agency, Korybko said recent statements by Egyptian officials reflect what he characterized as an effort to portray Ethiopia as a regional security threat to reinforce Cairo’s long-standing position on the Abay (Nile) waters. His remarks came after Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty stated that negotiations over GERD had reached a deadlock. Abdelatty further insisted that Egypt reserves what it considers its right to safeguard its water security under international law. Responding to those remarks, Korybko argued that Egypt’s narrative seeks to justify policies rooted in an outdated approach to Abay water governance. According to the analyst, Ethiopia has consistently maintained that GERD is a transformative development project designed to generate clean, renewable electricity, support national economic development, and expand regional energy integration without causing significant harm to downstream countries. Korybko noted that Ethiopia has repeatedly expressed its readiness to export surplus electricity generated by GERD to neighboring countries. The East African nation presents the project as a platform for shared economic growth and regional cooperation rather than confrontation. Commenting on Egypt’s repeated concerns over future Ethiopian dam projects, Korybko argued that Cairo has shifted its messaging after earlier warnings of catastrophic consequences from GERD failed to materialize. He said the phased filling of the dam has been completed without producing the severe downstream impacts that some Egyptian officials had previously predicted, arguing that this has weakened earlier claims that the project would trigger devastating water shortages. Referring to recent discussions in Egypt concerning reports of additional Ethiopian water infrastructure projects, Korybko claimed that ordinary development initiatives are increasingly being framed as regional security threats in an effort to preserve what he described as colonial-era assumptions over control of the Abay waters. The analyst further argued that, with GERD now fully filled, military threats against the dam have become increasingly unrealistic because of the potentially devastating humanitarian and environmental consequences such an attack could have for downstream countries. In his view, such rhetoric is aimed more at political signaling than at reflecting practical policy options. Beyond the dam itself, Korybko said the dispute should be understood within the broader geopolitical dynamics of the Horn of Africa. He alleged that Egypt has sought to counter Ethiopia’s growing regional influence through indirect means, while acknowledging that Egyptian authorities have repeatedly rejected accusations of interference in Ethiopia’s internal affairs. Speaking about Ethiopia’s strategic interests in both the Nile Basin and the Red Sea, Korybko argued that Egypt has historically sought to project its influence southward. “Hegemonic Egyptian leaders were geographically blocked from expanding in most other directions apart from the south, ergo their focus over the past century and a half on that vector, which resulted in Ethiopian-Egyptian War. In the contemporary context, Egypt isn’t conventionally invading Ethiopia like before but is relying on proxies, specifically Eritrea and armed anti-government groups in Ethiopia. Sudan is also being recruited for this by Egypt but has yet to commit as much as the others have,” he said. Referring to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s recent “axe allegory” delivered in Parliament, Korybko argued that Egypt’s strategy is centered on indirect pressure rather than direct military confrontation. “For reasons of logistics and reputation, Egypt won’t conventionally invade Ethiopia, which is the only state that has ever stood in the way of its hegemonic ambitions in the Horn. That’s why it’s relying on Eritrea, armed anti-government groups in Ethiopia, and nowadays Sudan a bit too. The goal is to contain Ethiopia and then destabilize it from within until a puppet government comes to power or the country ‘Balkanizes’ into a Hobbesian collection of ethno-centric statelets that can easily be divided-and-ruled,” he said. Korybko emphasized Ethiopia’s historic contribution to Africa’s anti-colonial struggle and its continuing role as host of the African Union headquarters. Against that backdrop, he argued that differences over the Abay waters should be resolved through African-led dialogue, mutual respect for sovereignty, and the principle of “African solutions to African problems.” He concluded that lasting peace and stability in the Nile Basin will ultimately depend on cooperation, equitable development, and constructive engagement rather than confrontation, urging all parties to pursue dialogue that advances regional peace, energy security, and shared prosperity.

By Professor Al Mariam (Emeritus & Attorney at Law) July 14, 2026 (ENA) Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty for the umpteenth time declared Egypt reserves its full right to defend its Nile water security should it be harmed by Ethiopia and that the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is an illegal unilateral action taken by Ethiopia without consulting the downstream countries. He asserted, “We reserve the right to legitimate self-defense in accordance with the rules of international law.” Egypt has used the term “unilateralism” and other scurrilous words to demonize Ethiopia not only in the global media but also before the UN Security Council on numerous occasions. The repetition of this narrative reflects less a legal reality than a lingering nostalgia for a bygone era of exclusive dominance over the Abay River. The GERD has fundamentally transformed that narrative. Without consuming or diverting a single drop of the Abay's natural downstream flow, the dam has dismantled the long-standing doctrine of exclusive control and emerged as a powerful symbol of equitable and reasonable utilization of the shared waters. Under international law, unilateralism refers to a state acting independently to pursue its own interests or enforce legal rights without the consent, cooperation, or prior consultation of other nations. As Abdelatty wags an accusatory finger at Ethiopia, he forgets three fingers are pointing at Egypt, the unilateralist hegemon of the Nile River for thousands of years. Let the facts speak for themselves: In the Anglo-Italian Protocol of 1891, Britain unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed Egypt “undisturbed flow of the Nile by restricting Italy’s endeavour to control a water project over the Atbara River”, one of the tributaries of the Nile. In the Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902, the British unilaterally and fraudulently prohibited Ethiopia from any developmental use of the Nile waters and guaranteed Egypt complete veto power on any projects upstream in the Abay River. In the 1906 Tripartite Agreement Between Britain, France, and Italy, the three colonial powers unilaterally, and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed protection of the “interests of Great Britain and Egypt in the Nile Basin, more especially as regards the regulation of the waters of that river and tributaries.” In the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1929, super-special rights were unilaterally, and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed to Egypt in the amount of 48 billion cubic meters of water flow per year, the right to undertake any project on the Nile in its territory, the right to monitor the Nile flow in the upstream countries and the right to veto any construction projects that would affect Egypt’s interests. In the 1959 Nile Waters Agreement between Egypt and the Sudan, Egypt unilaterally, and without consulting Ethiopia, guaranteed itself 84 billion cubic meters of water and the right to construct the Aswan High Dam that can store the entire annual Nile River flow of a year. What is more unilateral than Egypt’s insistence on unilateral and exclusive use of all Nile River waters for herself under the fraudulent 1902 agreement? Let us look at few other facts about Egyptian unilateralism. Egypt built the Aswan Dam, the world’s largest embankment dam on the Nile unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia, to better control flooding, provide increased water storage for irrigation and generate hydroelectricity and accelerate Egypt’s industrialization. In 1979, Egypt unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia began digging a canal to carry water from the Damietta branch of the Nile, near Egypt’s Mediterranean coast, into Sinai. Water flowed into the canal and then into Sinai in 2001. Today, Egypt is building a new administrative capital to replace Cairo “on a flat stretch of desert between the Nile River and the Suez Canal” unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia. Egypt unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia uses water from a massive underground water supply known as the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System which “in relation to the current extraction rates has a lifespan of approximately one thousand years.” Egypt constructed the Ismailia and Ibrahimia Canals, unilaterally and without consulting Ethiopia. Let a candid world judge! Who is and has ALWAYS been the diehard, dyed-in-the-wool, adamant, and inflexible unilateralist hegemon on Nile River waters? Who is the intransigent unilateralist victimizer and victim in the Nile water dispute? Ethiopia’s entire foreign policy has ALWAYS been based on bilateralism and multilateralism. Ethiopia has NEVER been a unilateralist! Ethiopia has ALWAYS been a bilateralist and multilateralist. Ethiopia was a founding member of the League of Nations in 1920. The League was the first multilateral international organization with the core mission of maintaining world peace. In 1945, the League was replaced by the United Nations, of which Ethiopia was a founding member, organized to maintain international peace and security and develop friendly relations among nations. In 1963, Ethiopia was one of the key founders of the Organization of African Unity. Ethiopia has declared to the world she will abide by the 2015 GERD Declaration of Principles signed by Ethiopia, Egypt, and the Sudan. Ethiopia is a signatory to the multilateral Nile Comprehensive Framework Agreement (CFA), a treaty designed to establish a permanent legal and institutional framework for the cooperative management of the Nile River Basin waters. Unlike previous colonial-era agreements that prioritized specific allocations, the CFA focuses on equitable and reasonable utilization, sustainable development, and the establishment of the Nile River Basin Commission (NRBC) as a joint management body. It aims to replace the fragmented bilateral arrangements with a unified basin-wide approach, promoting regional peace, security, and integrated water resources management. The CFA has been signed by Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi and South Sudan officially becoming legally binding on October 13, 2024. Egypt and Sudan have steadfastly refused to sign the multilateral CFA agreement. In his Nobel Peace Prize speech, Prime Minister Abiy declared to the entire world his aim for Ethiopia, the Horn region and beyond is peace, peace, and more peace. “The Horn of Africa is a region of strategic significance. The global military superpowers are expanding their military presence in the area. Terrorists and extremist groups also seek to establish a foothold. We do not want the Horn to be a battle ground for the superpowers nor a hideout for the merchants or terror and brokers of despair and misery. We want Africa to become a treasury of peace and progress. Indeed, we want the Horn of Africa to become the Horn of Plenty for the rest of the continent.” In June 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed pledged to the Egyptian people in Cairo, “I swear to Allah that Ethiopia will not do any harm to Egypt’s water.” To date, there is not a shred of evidence the GERD has caused an ounce of harm on Egypt. Egypt and Sudan must sign the CFA and join the other sister riparian countries for mutual benefit from the Nile. Egypt should look forward to working with the Nile riparian countries and abandon the futile approach of my way of the highway. Let Ethiopia, Egypt and the Sudan work together to make the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam a Horn of Plenty (cornucopia) not only for themselves but the whole of Africa. Let the GERD be the Horn of Africa’s Horn of Plenty. Let the GERD be Africa’s GERDucopia!