Public Engagement to Transform Addis To A Cleaner, Greener Capital By Henok Tadele Haile As the vibrant heart of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa holds a unique significance, not just for its residents, but also for the international community that calls this city home. Recognizing its importance as the political capital of Africa and a hub for influential global organizations, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has embarked on a transformative journey to elevate Addis Ababa's status and enhance the quality of life for all who inhabit this dynamic metropolis. Over the past few years, the city has undergone a remarkable metamorphosis, with the creation of world-class parks, museums, and other amenities that have bolstered Ethiopia's tourism sector and made Addis Ababa an increasingly attractive destination for visitors. From the breathtaking Unity Park to the captivating Entoto Park and Friendship Park, these new landmarks have not only added to the city's allure, but have also served to improve the living conditions of its residents. Now, Prime Minister Abiy has set his sights on an equally ambitious goal: revolutionizing the city's public sanitation infrastructure. Launching the "Clean Streets and Healthy Livelihood" campaign, the Prime Minister has called upon all Ethiopians to join hands in building cities that prioritize cleanliness and inclusivity, recognizing the critical importance of collective effort in achieving this vision. One of the objectives of the PM’s initiative is to build modern public toilets in the identified corridors to enhancing accessibility and fostering cleanliness within urban landscape. This initiative also strives to elevate hygiene standards across our city and nation by promoting a culture of dignified toilet usage and raising awareness about cleanliness. At the heart of this initiative is the construction of modern, hygienic, and accessible public restroom facilities across Addis Ababa's urban areas. For decades, the city has grappled with a lack of standardized public sanitation services, leading many residents to resort to unsanitary alternatives. The Prime Minister's plan aims to address this pressing issue, not only improving public health and reducing the spread of waterborne diseases, but also creating employment opportunities and fostering a sense of dignity for those in need. To ensure the sustainability and success of this project, the government has launched a digital telethon, seeking both cash and in-kind contributions from the general public, individual donors, and institutions. This telethon, scheduled for a ten-hour period on Sunday, May 12th, 2024, has been aptly named "Clean Streets - Healthy Lives," underscoring the interconnectedness of urban cleanliness and the well-being of the community. The plan is to raise 50 million Birr in a 10hr period digital telethon challenge. As Prime Minister Abiy has eloquently stated, "We are colorful when we come together for a collective cause." Indeed, the resounding success of this telethon will not only showcase the power of unity and mutual concern, but also serve as a testament to the Ethiopian people's unwavering commitment to creating cities that cater to the needs of all. The campaign is a great opportunity to engage all Ethiopians including the diaspora and members of the international community based in Addis Ababa as well as friends of Ethiopia, and others have the chance to contribute individually or in groups to this magnificent objective which aims at enhancing public sanitation services.   Through this ambitious initiative, Prime Minister Abiy's vision for a cleaner, greener, and more inclusive Addis Ababa is taking shape. By harnessing the collective efforts of the government, the private sector, and the public, the city is poised to become a model of sustainable urban development, setting a precedent for cities across Ethiopia and the African continent. As we rally behind this cause, we bear witness to the transformative power of community-driven change, paving the way for a brighter, more prosperous future for Addis Ababa and its people.  

BY SOLOMON DIBABA The Agreement on Permanent Cessation of Hostilities was signed on 2 November, 2022 between the Federal Government of Ethiopia and the TPLF in Pretoria, South Africa. The peace talks mediated by the AU, was attended by international observers such as UN and paved the way for a lasting peace in northern part of Ethiopia. Even before the signing of the agreement, the Ethiopian Government had been providing the lion’s share of relief supplies to the citizens affected by the war and has been cooperating with international partners and UN systems to facilitate the supply of relief food to the needy people of Tigray. The Pretoria Peace Agreement has enhanced a new culture of putting an end to conflicts by soliciting political solutions through round table discussions. This bold move amplifies the importance of a mature and resolute decision of the federal government of Ethiopia to prevent future generations from inheriting a legacy of winners and losers characterized by animosity and grudges. Through peace agreement, the two parties agreed to halt the bloody and unnecessary conflict. The Ethiopian Government has established an environment conducive to unhindered delivery of humanitarian aid to Tigray. Following the signing of the peace agreement, the government surpassed its obligations stipulated in the accord and implemented series of measures deemed necessary to cultivate trust and sustainable peace in the northern part of the country. The government has also been diligently working towards repairing and reinstating damaged infrastructure facilities and services. Considerable financial resources have been allocated by the government to reinstate economic activities in the Tigray region. Given the substantial dividend of peace, the government has carried out activities beyond expectations to heal the wounds inflicted by the conflict. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the Ethiopian Government took remarkable swift action in restoring the infrastructure facilities that were damaged by the conflict by opening up road transport to Tigray as a major prerequisite for fast-tracking relief and rehabilitation supplies as well as restarting social services like hospitals, health centers and clinics and schools as well as telephone and network services. The government also restored electric power supply in Tigray, Afar and Amhara regions by deploying professionals who accomplished their duties in a relatively shorter period of time. Major airports in Tigray region were rehabilitated and air transport resumed operations enabling citizens to reunite with their families who had been separated for two years. With regard to costs of the maintenance of airports in Tigray, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed told members of the House of People’s Representatives (HPR) earlier this year that over half billion Birr of expenditure was made for the resumption of the air transport to Shire, Mekele and Axum. The air transport at least helped people with chronic diseases to fly to Addis and get medical treatment. Moreover, Ethio telecom also repaired over 1000 kms of optical fiber and 475 mobile sites while repairing over 20,000 landline telephones, it was learnt. Furthermore, the National Bank Ethiopian provided 10 billion Birr liquidity, enabling some 600 bank branches to start services. Almost all universities in Tigray regional state have resumed their duties. Similarly, health care institutions are now providing health services. Through a special procurement, the federal government has imported 500 tractors and over 300 pumps to improve agriculture in Tigray. About 630,000 hectares of land was also cultivated in the region last crop season with support of agricultural inputs support such as tractors, select seed, fertilizer and pumps by the Ministry of Agriculture and other regional states. Moreover, major public and private banks were reopened to provide financial services which were totally closed during the war which lasted for two years. This has helped to reinvigorate business activities that have totally collapsed in the advent of the devastative war. The aforementioned results are just a few of the achievements carried out by the federal government as part of its duties to the Pretoria Peace Agreement, creating confidence with TPLF. However, the other party has reciprocated little. For instance, former combatants of TPLF have not been demobilized, to the contrary, there are visible deployment and mobilizations of armed forces for fresh conflicts that everyone can see, claiming they will seize disputed areas of former settlements. This is in stark violation of the Pretoria Peace Agreement. The peace agreement underscores that disputed areas should be resolved constitutionally, not through force. Hence, to fully implement the peace agreement, the other signatory must reciprocate its duties in the same manner and commitment demonstrated by the federal government: it needs to demobilize its forces, cease provocation to control disputed areas by force. It is only the federal government which should have military might and capability. States are prohibited from maintaining armed and organized forces beyond the police and militia required for law enforcement at the state level; they should not exceed this limit. Hence, the disarmament process and associated procedures must be expeditiously implemented in accordance with the plan charted out by the Rehabilitation Commission. Efforts to resettle those displaced by the war must be accelerated, but IDPs should be returned to their settlements as civilians, not with arms. The issue of administrative border demarcation should be addressed constitutionally, not by resorting to military means. The people of Tigray have greater expectations for the implementation of the peace agreement because much of their current and future aspirations depend upon the full implementation of the Agreement for which the government has paid special attention. The AU and international community are fully backing the timely implementation of this agreement which is of crucial importance for both the national peace and security as well as the stability of the Horn of Africa. Failing to learn from past mistakes is more problematic than committing the mistakes in the beginning. Without drawing lessons from our past mistakes, it will be difficult to whole heartedly collaborate with those who wish to perpetuate the problems we face today. Thus, sustaining the achievements so far registered by the federal government to accelerate the full implementation of the agreement seriously requires the other signatory to contribute its part in the peace process with no reservations and excuses as the terms of the Agreement entail legal accountability at all levels. All told, the federal government has gone a long way to fully implement the peace agreement. It is vehemently working for durable peace and stability, upholding the rule of law. Hence, the National Dialogue is under implementation to resolve differences of opinion among citizens on fundamental issues and forge a national consensus and address Ethiopia’s backlogs of problems through extensive public discussions. The government has also put in place a Transitional Justice Policy Framework, anchored on the pillars of justice, accountability, reconciliation and redress past mistakes. Inevitably, Ethiopia’s prosperity will thrive on.

(By Henok H.)     On Sunday Ethiopian Christians will celebrate Easter, locally called Fasika. When Fasika finally arrives, the atmosphere across Ethiopia is electric with anticipation and jubilation. In the ancient and deeply spiritual land of Ethiopia, the faithful eagerly await the arrival of Fasika, or Easter, each year. This holiest of occasions, which commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ, holds profound cultural and religious significance for Ethiopians. It is a time when the entire nation collectively embraces the values of rebirth, forgiveness, and unity – virtues that lie at the very heart of the Fasika celebration. The weeks leading up to Fasika are marked by a solemn period of fasting and repentance known as the Lenten season. During Lent, believers often engage in acts of self-discipline, prayer, repentance, and fasting. The purpose is to reflect on one's spiritual life, seek forgiveness for sins, and draw closer to God. The Lenten season is seen as a time of spiritual purification and renewal before the celebration of Easter, which commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ. On top of that , for Ethiopians, Easter, is a celebration that resonates far beyond its religious significance. This holiest of occasions for Ethiopian Christians is a powerful catalyst for family gathering, togetherness, social cohesion, and resolving conflicts through open dialogue. As families and communities come together in joyous celebration, the spirit of Fasika offers a profound opportunity to foster healing, forgiveness, and reconciliation on both a personal and national level. As families come together to share meals, exchange gifts, and engage in communal prayers and hymns, they are reminded of the unbreakable bonds that transcend any temporary misunderstandings or grievances. The emphasis on forgiveness and letting go of grudges inspires individuals to address their differences, seek mutual understanding, and rebuild broken relationships, thereby promoting harmony and peace within the family unit. At the heart of the Fasika celebration lies a powerful message of forgiveness and reconciliation. It is a time when families and communities come together, setting aside past grievances and embracing one another with open arms. The act of sharing a communal meal, carries immense symbolic weight. As families and friends gather around a single platter, partaking in the same meal, they are reminded of the unbreakable bonds that transcend any temporary conflicts or misunderstandings. Promoting Family Gathering, Togetherness, and Conflict Resolution One of the most cherished traditions of Fasika (Ethiopian Easter) is the act of family gathering. Loved ones, whether living under the same roof or scattered across different regions, make a concerted effort to reunite and strengthen their familial bonds. The festival provides a conducive environment for resolving family conflicts and problems through open and honest discussions, guided by the principles of forgiveness and reconciliation that are central to the Fasika celebration. This spirit of forgiveness and unity is not limited to the personal sphere; it extends to the very fabric of Ethiopian society. Fasika serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of dialogue, understanding, and reconciliation on a national scale. The holiday's emphasis on setting aside differences and embracing one another as brothers and sisters resonates deeply with the Ethiopian people, who have endured their fair share of societal divisions and conflicts throughout history. Harnessing Fasika's Spirit for National Dialogue and Reconciliation Ethiopia has been engaged in several of activities aiming to bring a lasting peace and sustainable development in the country. Considering the fact that peace, coexistence and reconciliation are crucial for the overall national development, Ethiopians are now about to begin consultation with a view to create national consensus on common issues through an inclusive national dialogue. The establishment of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission represents a beacon of hope, aiming to promote inclusive dialogue, mediation, and national unity. The values embodied by the sacred Fasika celebration offer a powerful guiding force for the work of this Commission. Just as families and communities come together during Fasika to heal rifts and strengthen bonds, so too can the diverse groups of Ethiopia engage in open and honest dialogue, guided by the principles of forgiveness, empathy, and a shared commitment to the nation's well-being. By drawing upon the rich cultural and spiritual heritage of Fasika, Ethiopia can harness the transformative power of this ancient celebration to foster genuine reconciliation and unity among its people. The holiday's emphasis on rebirth and renewal can inspire a renewed commitment to addressing past injustices, cultivating mutual understanding, and building an inclusive society where all Ethiopians feel valued, respected, and empowered to contribute to the nation's growth and prosperity. The joyous sounds of Fasika celebrations echo across the country, serving as a resounding reminder of the resilience, faith, and unwavering spirit that has sustained the Ethiopian people through centuries of triumphs and challenges. It is a time when the nation comes together, not just to commemorate a pivotal moment in Christian history but also to reaffirm the enduring values of forgiveness, unity, and collective progress – virtues that lie at the heart of Fasika and can guide Ethiopia towards a more harmonious future. By embracing the essence of Ethiopian Easter (Fasika) and leveraging its rich cultural heritage, Ethiopia can forge a path towards genuine national reconciliation, where diverse groups engage in constructive dialogue, address historical grievances, and work together towards a shared vision of peace, prosperity, and unity in diversity. The dialogue that involves all segments of the society with a view to resolving centuries old predicaments that the country is facing, heal resentments and wounds caused during the heinous acts of previous political systems. In this regard, the government has been showing strong commitment to the successful conduct of the dialogue that aims at correcting major fault lines paving the way for creating consensus on basic national issues to the 120 million peoples. Moreover, the government has demonstrated that this nation is common home for the citizenry. To this effect, the government engaged leaders and members of other political parties into the state nomenclature, which is a new political departure in the history of Ethiopia.  

In addition to serving as Ethiopia's capital, Addis Ababa is significant to African politics and diplomacy. Along with the embassies of many nations throughout the world, the city is home to the headquarters of important international organizations like the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA). Recognizing the importance of Addis Ababa, not only for its residents but also for the international diplomatic community, the government has been dedicated to improving the city's livability for its millions of inhabitants and the staff of various international organizations. Through collaboration between the Addis Ababa city administration and the federal government, a series of measures have been undertaken to transform the city into a cutting-edge, smart metropolis. Over the past few years, Addis Ababa has undergone a remarkable transformation, thanks to the initiative led by Prime Minister Abiy to enhance the city's aesthetics. The efforts have borne fruit, with the creation of world-class parks and museums that have greatly supported the country's tourism sector. Notable achievements include Unity Park, Entoto Park, Friendship Park, the Science Museum, the National Palace Museum, and the Adwa Memorial Museum, which have added to the city's allure for both residents and visitors. In addition to these accomplishments, the government has intensified its collaboration with the private sector to further elevate Addis Ababa's status as the political capital of Africa and a hub for influential international organizations. One such project is the corridor development initiative, aimed at elevating the city’s stand global smart city standards. Rebuilding slum areas, renovating and improving infrastructure facilities such as integrated drainage systems and utilities, as well as expanding of roads to handle increased traffic, building roomy walkways for pedestrians, repairing historic buildings, and modernizing structures to conform to the city's aesthetic standards to improve the living conditions of citizens. As part of the city's continued development activities, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed recently announced another significant project. He has launched a campaign to revolutionize public sanitation infrastructure, envisioning modern, hygienic, and inclusive restroom facilities across urban areas. The campaign, named "Clean Streets and Healthy Livelihood," places community engagement at its core and aligns with a broader commitment to creating cities that cater to the needs of all citizens. Prime Minister Abiy has called upon Ethiopians to join hands in building cities that prioritize cleanliness and inclusivity, emphasizing the importance of collective effort. This campaign builds upon the Prime Minister's transformative endeavors during his six-year tenure, which have focused on improving urban environments and public amenities. The campaign dubbed “clean streets and healthy livelihood,” is closely linked to the beautification of Addis Ababa, the greening of the city, the road corridor development project, and the ongoing rehabilitation of infrastructure. “As we embark on this new initiative, I call upon all Ethiopians to contribute their share in creating cities that are conducive for everyone,” he posted on X. The campaign which could be launched in regional cities as well is closely connected to the beautification of Addis Ababa and greening the city along with road corridor development project and rehabilitation of infrastructures currently underway in the city. For many decades, Addis Ababa has lacked standardized public restrooms and sanitary services, often leading residents to resort to unsanitary alternatives in isolated corners. The project aims to provide the public with standardized restrooms and sanitation facilities and is financed through donations from the general public, individual donors, and institutions and companies that have enthusiastically embraced the Prime Minister's initiative. The project is expected to provide residents with access to public sanitation services in a more dignified manner, reducing the spread of waterborne diseases and related health hazards. Over time, it may also create employment opportunities for those in need and serve as a source of income generation for the unemployed. This project is also an integral part of the green legacy initiative, which contributes to various ecotourism projects and park developments that are already modernizing Addis Ababa's landscape. To ensure the sustainability of the project and create a vibrant and healthy environment for the public to enjoy the benefits of improved sanitation, it is essential to emphasize the importance of public participation and organized development. As efforts to secure funds for the project, a telethon has been launched last week by the premier. The fundraising activity can serve as a showcase for the significance of cooperation and mutual concern in improving the health and beautification of cities across the country. The general public and individual companies have been actively participating in the telethon.  

Of late, the National Intelligence and Security Council issued a statement, emphasizing the significance of the Transitional Justice Policy which the country has embarked on rectifying injustices inherited from past history. Ethiopia is a big country with a population of 120 million and with a diverse range of resources. Nonetheless, the country has not yet attained its aspiration as well as material progress due to its backward political system. It is unfortunate that Ethiopia’s stagnated political practice and divisive discourse has left fundamental issues of the country unanswered for centuries. As a result, Ethiopia has endured various transgressions, heinous activities and violation of basic human rights. Those in political authority have thus far disregarded the voices of others by placing the blame on the people they view as violators. A series of political systems have not only engulfed the country and its people into a miserable life but also caused serious hostilities and resentment among citizens. Authorities crushed those forces that made demands for change of course, resulting in that disputes were unsettled and transferred to posterity, weakening the statehood of Ethiopia. Such approaches have been dragging the nation for an endless bloodshed, fragmentation, and face the quagmire of poverty. As these backlogs of Ethiopia have caused protracted disputes, misunderstandings, and instability, the country should come up with a viable mechanism which could change the state of affairs. To this effect, the reformist government of Ethiopia has adopted a Transitional Justice Policy as a viable mechanism to heal the wounds of the victims and avoid resentment which has been the main causes to the instability and underdevelopment of the country. In this regard, the current government is striving to write a new history and reversing the centuries-old resentment and hostilities by implementing the Transitional Justice Policy. The transitional justice policy which is believed to contribute to sustainable peace, reconciliation and justice in Ethiopia has been developed through extensive consultations with pertinent stakeholders and incorporating international experiences with the objective to avoiding resentment by breaking the dichotomy between the transgressors and the victims. One of the bold steps and matured leadership of the Ethiopian government is its move to settle disputes through peaceful means. The Pretoria Peace Agreement is an unprecedented decision of the government. The peace deal ended the conflict in northern Ethiopia by fostering a culture settling disputes peacefully. This peace agreement signifies a mature and resolute decision to prevent future generations from inheriting a legacy of winners and losers characterized by animosity. By embracing this alternative approach, the nation managed to halt bloodshed and conflict. By signing of the peace agreement, the government went beyond its obligations stipulated in the accord and implemented a series of measures deemed necessary to cultivate trust and sustain peace. Considerable financial resources have been allocated by the government to facilitate financial and economic activities in the Tigray region. Given the substantial benefits of peace, the government has achieved beyond its obligations to heal the wounds inflicted by the conflict. However, this should be considered as a responsibility lies with the government and should not be misconstrued as an act of fear. In order to expedite the process, a National Rehabilitation Commission has been established. Hence, reconstruction and rehabilitation initiatives have commenced in the Amhara, Afar, and Tigray regions. The government has also established an environment conducive to the unhindered delivery of humanitarian aid to Amhara, Afar, and Tigray regions. Specifically, in compliance with the agreement, it is imperative that the TPLF militants and other armed groups must disarm to address the issues surrounding areas defined by claims of identity and administrative affairs. Efforts to restore peace and resettle those displaced by the war must be ended. Failing to learn from past mistakes is more detrimental than committing an initial error. Without drawing lessons from our past mistakes, it is incumbent upon us to collaborate in subduing those who persist in perpetuating the same problems we face today. We must heed the dire consequences of employing law enforcement without exercising patience, as evident in our recent history. As it is stipulated in the Pretoria Agreement and enshrined in our Constitution, regional states are prohibited from maintaining armed and organized forces beyond the police and militia required for law enforcement at the state level; they should not exceed this limit. Hence, the disarmament process and associated procedures must be expeditiously implemented in accordance with the Rehabilitation Commission's plan. In nutshell, the Transitional Justice policy gives utmost attention to ensure its inclusivity and independence as the overall preparation involved 60 consultation sessions with regional stakeholders and another 20 sessions at the national level to gather inputs to improve the contents of the policy document. The policy has been issued with the objective of laying out the system in which a transitional justice can be secured to bring forth sustainable peace, reconciliation, prevalence of law and order, justice and democracy. For its successful implementation, several instruments will be employed including criminal investigation, putting the culprits before the courts of law and investigating the truth, forgiveness, compensation and other possible means like introducing reforms in systems.    

In a statement the National Intelligence and Security Council of Ethiopia issued recently, it emphasized the imperatives of the processes of the National Dialogue and Transitional Justice Policy which the country has embarked on rectifying shortfalls inherited from past history. This article focuses on the highlights of national dialogue. The change of political power in Ethiopia in 2018 ushered in a great deal of democratic space for the people of the country. The incumbent government has been taking various series of measures to build strong and viable institutions vital for the transformation of the democratic system of the country. Right from the outset, the government underlined that aggressive socioeconomic and political transformation was imperative to take Ethiopia into a new heights. In its long history of statehood, Ethiopia lacked the experience of settling political differences, disagreements and conflicts in a legal and peaceful manner through discussions and dialogues, the statement recalled. Accordingly, amendments were made to existing laws and policies that were bottlenecks for the democratic system by engaging independent experts during the first two or three years of office. All these measures were made to expedite the nation building process by creating an enabling environment for the public and stakeholders’ wider engagement in all aspects of the country’s endeavors. The council noted that the country experienced rampant resentments and distrust perpetuated over the past several decades among the various sections of the society coupled with the interests of individuals and groups that operated in the name of political party, fueling different forms of conflict and instability in the country. This is mainly attributed to the weak democratic culture that the country experienced in its history in resolving political disputes, arguments, and conflicts through peaceful talks and dialogues. The political culture in our nation has been shaped by the ambitions of individuals who have taken over positions of authority through coercion and have continued to impose their will by having complete control over everything available to them until they are removed by force. In response to this challenging situation, the country has conducted extensive processes to hold the first ever inclusive national dialogue that involves all segments of the society with a view to resolving centuries old predicaments that the country is facing, heal resentments and wounds caused during the heinous acts of previous political systems. The reformist government has been reiterating its full support and commitment to the successful conduct of the inclusive dialogue that aims at correcting major fault lines paving the way for creating consensus on basic national issues to the 120 million peoples. The incumbent government has demonstrated the emergence of a new political culture through a national election that showed the desires of the people and formed a government that is based on the will of the peoples. Moreover, the government has demonstrated that this nation is common home for the citizenry. To this effect, the government engaged leaders and members of other political parties into the state nomenclature, which is a new political departure in the history of Ethiopia. Towards rectifying rampant mistakes inherited from the past, the government initiated the establishment of an independent National Dialogue Commission with 11 commissioners who have proven scholarly independence, impartiality and enthusiasm to see a peaceful, democratic and prosperous Ethiopia. The commissioners of the National Dialogue, who were appointed to serve their country, are of high caliber and rich experience. The law has empowered them with extensive power to conduct their duties of coordinating and conducting an inclusive national dialogue. They have now charted out extensive outlines on how the inclusive dialogue should be conducted by consulting pertinent stakeholders. Accordingly, the process of identifying candidates, who would participate in the national dialogue in 10 regional states and two city administrations and districts have been completed. Meticulous and painstaking tasks have been accomplished in this regard. It has also engaged communities at all levels. This strategy has considered the public who are the owners of the process as the epicenter of the entire deliberation.The process in the dialogue including the preparation of agendas was not done only from top to bottom but has also initiated idea generation for discussion and agendas were suggested to the higher bodies of the commission It is expected that the commission will commence dialogue in regional levels within few weeks. It is also expected to finalize identification of participants shortly in areas where identification of participants have not yet conducted. Thus far, some 12,294 participants have been identified from 679 districts, that would participate in the process, have already been identified.  

Addis Ababa, April 19/2024(ENA)- As Ethiopia assumed its membership in the esteemed BRICS alliance in January 2024, the country's active involvement in various BRICS meetings has begun to yield a multitude of benefits. From economic opportunities to technological advancement and global collaboration, Ethiopia's BRICS membership is proving to be a catalyst for growth and development. Ethiopia wasted no time in making its mark within the BRICS community, with its first-ever participation in a major BRICS meeting held in January 2024. This initial engagement focused on issues of common concern, allowing Ethiopia to contribute to the group's agenda and forge meaningful connections with fellow member nations. One of the key advantages of Ethiopia's BRICS membership lies in the technological sphere. BRICS nations are renowned for their advancements in technology and innovation. By joining BRICS, Ethiopia gains access to a vast pool of technological expertise, best practices, and collaborative opportunities. This strategic positioning empowers Ethiopia to strengthen its own technological capabilities and advance its digital transformation agenda. Ethiopia's commitment to information security has also been showcased through its active participation in the BRICS Working Group on Security in the Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). During the 10th meeting held in Moscow, Ethiopia emphasized the significance of international information security and the peaceful utilization of ICTs. The country stressed the need for close cooperation and coordination among BRICS member nations to proactively prevent cyber attacks, fostering a secure digital landscape. The recent meeting focused on 'Security in the use of Information and Communications Technologies' saw Ethiopia's enthusiastic engagement alongside all member countries. The Information Network Security Administration (INSA), Director General , Tigist Hamid who represented who represented Ethiopia at the forum, highlighted the nation's commitment to leveraging its abundant young talent for Ethiopia's journey to prosperity. Recognizing the importance of adapting to the rapidly changing information and technology ecosystem, she emphasized the need for swift adjustments to mitigate the growing global threat of cyber attacks. The issue of information security resonated strongly among BRICS member countries, who collectively recognized its significance. Tigist also called for continued emphasis on the topic, stressing the importance of cooperation and coordination among member nations. Strengthening resilience to cyber threats and fostering a secure global digital environment emerged as shared priorities within the BRICS community. The 10th BRICS Working Group Summit concluded on a high note, with member countries reaching a comprehensive agreement. This agreement encompassed various aspects of information communication security, including information exchange, joint prevention of cyber threats, capacity building programs, increased resilience to cyber attacks, and the sharing of best practices. The 10th BRICS Working Group meeting confirmed the mutual interest of all the participants of the group in strengthening cooperation among members. An important practical result of the work was the decision to establish a register of BRICS contact points for the exchange of information on computer attacks/incidents in the expanded membership. The partners received a positive response to the Russian proposals on strengthening the regulatory and legal framework for cooperation, as well as on launching a dialog through the scientific and academic community. During the event, the delegations agreed to continue close cooperation in all aspects at multilateral platforms. They reaffirmed their commitment to the exclusively peaceful use of ICTs, to prevent militarization of information space, to prevent conflicts in it, and to overcome the digital divide. They agreed to jointly promote these principles in the UN.

Ethiopia is recognized by UNESCO as one of the leading African countries by registering different tangible and intangible heritages. In addition to the more than dozens of tangible heritages, the country occupies the most conspicuous place for registering various intangible world heritages at UNESCO including Meskel, Finding of the true Cross, Fichee Chambalala, the New Year celebration of the Sidama people, the Gada System, Oromo indigenous democratic socio-political system, Timket or Ethiopian Epiphany, and the Shuwal Eid Festival. These world intangible cultural heritages represent the rich diversity and cultural identity of Ethiopia and its various ethnic groups. They play a significant role in preserving traditional knowledge, promoting social cohesion, and fostering intergenerational transmission of cultural practices and values besides their economic benefits as tourist attractions. Shuwal Eid is one of these precious gifts that Ethiopia contributed the world. Shuwal Eid Shuwal is the tenth month in the Islamic (Hijri) calendar. It comes after the holy month of Ramadan, which Muslims worldwide are required to observe by fasting and other religious activities. The faithful will continue their six-day fast in the month of Shuwal following the celebration of Eid Al-Fitr, which marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan. The voluntary fasting of Shuwal provides the faithful to have a chance to reap significant rewards to compensate the wrongdoings they might have committed during the holy month of Ramadan. Though Muslims across Ethiopia also fasts during Shuwal, the people of Harari, one of the regional States in Ethiopia, celebrate the end of the six day fasting on the 8th day of Shuwal with unique cultural festivities in a mammoth cultural and religious extravaganza. The celebration is observed in Harar for three days. Shewal Zikr, or the recollection and glorification of GOD (Allah), is held for three nights in different locations to start the celebrations. On the last day, there is a 24-hour ongoing celebrity event that draws large crowds of individuals dressed in vibrant costumes. Hararis congregate in the city from all directions and neighborhoods, usually taking part as spectators. Shuwal Eid, which has been inscribed by UNESCO in 2023, brings together people from all age groups and genders in the society. The streets of Harar will be crowded with people celebrating Shuwal Eid, including girls and boys who are exquisitely dressed in vibrant traditional clothing that captivates onlookers. The festival includes prayers and spiritual music, as well as scripture readings, dancing, music, and blessings of the almighty Allah. More than any other holiday, Shuwal Eid is adored by the teenagers of Harari as the platform is assumed conducive venue where youngsters throw eyes to each other, for marriage. The event also provides an opportunity for elders to bless the future generation and share their wisdom, while also teaching young people about cultural values, norms, customs and traditions. Shuwal Eid is transmitted within families and by participating in the celebration, as well as through formal educational and safeguarding measures in the sites where the festival takes place. It is a platform for the transmission of performing arts, oral traditions, traditional dress and other cultural elements. Shuwal Eid promotes social cohesion and a sense of identity. It also contributes to cultural exchange and supports the local community and artisans. Shuwal Eid was inscribed at UNESCO in November 2023 as a world intangible world heritage. This year, the Festival is being colorfully celebrated with multiple shows at Harar City this year for the first time after being inscribed at UNESCO last year. In addition to being a unique platform for marketing Ethiopia's tourism sector, the festival provides global sociologists and anthropologists with a study subject. The Ministry of Tourism could exploit this excellent opportunity for tourism development and image building for the country while media outlets are expected to document the entire process of the festival and prepare it to be used for tourist consumption. Harar is one of Ethiopia’s attractions as it is a museum of world heritages. The old city of Harar is a custodian of various cultural heritages which are being visited by tourists here and across the world. Squeezed into a mere 1 square kilometer, Harar boasts 368 passageways, making it the fourth holiest city in the world after Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem. The fortified city contained 102 shrines and 82 mosques, making it the biggest concentration of mosques in the world. It was renowned for being a hub for Muslim learning and trade, and it had its own currency at one point. Harar was the most significant commercial hub in the Horn of Africa for many centuries, connecting the ports of the Somali coast to the lush interior of Ethiopia, as evidenced by the vibrant markets and distinctive gey gar (city houses) of the city. In 2006, UNESCO designated Harar Jugol as a World Heritage Site. Shuwal Eid and other tangible and intangible cultural heritages found in the city need to be preserved and developed to enhance their contribution to the tourism sector. In this regard, four museums in Harar City have already been selected to introduce Shuwal Eid to local visitors and tourists with various cultural shows. The Ethiopian Heritage Authority is working with pertinent players to exploit the tourism potential of Shuwal. Deputy Director of Ethiopian Heritage Authority, Elias Shukur told ENA that various activities are being conducted to introduce the festival both at the national and international level. He added that efforts are being made to further develop the festival with its original cultural assets and values. The old city of Harar is a custodian of various cultural heritages including Shuwal Eid which are being visited by tourists here and across the world. Elias stressed that Shuwal Eid and other intangible and tangible cultural heritages found in the city need to be preserved and developed to enhance their contribution to the tourism sector mentioning that four museums in Harar City have already been selected to introduce Shuwal Eid to local visitors and tourists with various cultural shows. Harar is indeed a living museum that should be preserved to generation as it depicts ancient wisdom vital to our future. (By Solomon Dibaba )              

A startup business is an entrepreneurial venture in the early stages of operations, typically created for resolving real life problems. It often focuses on developing innovative products, services, and solutions to address market needs and societal challenges. As startups solve society's needs, they attract investors and funders because of the tremendous growth opportunities. In recent years, Ethiopia has emerged as a beacon of opportunity in the global startup landscape. The country's commitment, both from the government and the private sector side, has set the stage for a remarkable transformation. During a recent panel discussion, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed emphasized the need to foster a strong startup ecosystem in Ethiopia. He pointed out the country's unique potential, citing the huge number of youth with a strong technological aptitude — over 60 percent in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education at university level. These factors, the premier argued, could be instrumental in tackling Ethiopia's challenges, including high unemployment, low Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and limited tax collection. According to the premier, startups in Ethiopia range across all sectors. A very good thing is that international financiers are making commitment to finance Ethiopian startups. For example, Master Card Foundation has promised to invest about 700 million USD for startups, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation also extends a lot of support in this regard. The PM further recalled that Khalifa Foundation has announced the launch of a 100-million-USD fund for startups, small and medium scale businesses in Ethiopia. There are many interests from outside to support Ethiopian startups. Moreover, the premier reiterated the government's commitment to supporting startups, primarily driven by the private sector. This support will encompass policy frameworks, administrative assistance, and the creation of a favorable ecosystem for innovation. Noting the several key government initiatives taken to support the startup ecosystem, Abiy pointed out that the government's Ten-Year Development Plan positions technology as one of the five pillars for achieving prosperity – a critical policy move for startups. Above and beyond the supports, a National Steering Committee led by Deputy Prime Minister Temesgen Tiruneh has been established to oversee the overall functions of startups. The recent legalization of Fintech, which the government previously deemed illegal, demonstrates its commitment to embracing new technologies. Additionally, intellectual property rights are now recognized to address investor concerns. Artificial intelligence is also actively explored and adopted. The prime minister revealed that universities across the country have various incubation centers to nurture startups. "By implementing all these initiatives, we are laying the groundwork for a flourishing of robust startups ecosystem, offering a roadmap for sustainable growth and success,” Abiy pointed out. Furthermore, the premier noted the common practice of previous governments were banning new technologies due to lack of understanding and fear of potential risks. However, he emphasized that such a stance has detrimental effects, often leading to illegal activities. The new approach is to assess both the benefits and risks of emerging technologies. By taking calculated risks and learning from experience, the government aims to decree laws that minimize risks while maximizing the potential benefits. Prime Minister Abiy underscored that this commitment to continuous learning represents a significant leap forward in strengthening the startup ecosystem. While much work remains to be done to support the initiative, Ethiopia is poised to reap the rewards, potentially nurturing homegrown tech giants in the years to come. Encouraging startups in sectors like technology, healthcare, renewable energy, and consumer goods can intensify Ethiopia's resilience to economic shocks and global market fluctuations. Ethiopia's journey towards becoming a startup hub has been fueled by an unwavering commitment from both the government and private entities. This commitment is not just a paper work but a tangible investment in the future. Government initiatives, coupled with the enthusiasm of private enterprises, have created an ecosystem where startups can thrive.    

BY A Staff Writer Ethiopians of all walks of life here and abroad are waiting for the 13th anniversary of the commencement of the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) whose cornerstone was laid by the late Prime Minister Melese Zenawi in 2011. The news of GERD was so overwhelming among Ethiopians in changing the status quo ante to shatter the age-old perception that Ethiopia would not be allowed to develop the Abbay River and generate hydropower. For many centuries, Ethiopia has been deprived of its natural rights to develop Abbay and getting loans from international financial institutions. In 2011, the Ethiopian government had to confront this age-old hegemony of the waters and doable standards imposed on the country with determination. Ethiopians regardless of ethnic identity, religion and ideology swiftly responded to the call of the government in unison and geared up to do whatever it takes to build the dam and generate electricity. Although the timeline was five years to complete the GERD, due to various factors, the dam has almost taken 13 years to complete. Over the last 13 years, Ethiopia has faced multiple challenges from both within and outside of the country. In particular, Egypt put pressure on Ethiopia to halt the construction of the dam. Ethiopia’s position has been clear. Abbay is a transboundary River; hence the resource is common to all Nile riparian countries and has to be utilized on win-win approach. Accordingly, Ethiopia called for collaboration and cooperation among the river basin states for mutual benefits and fair use of the waters. To this end, Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan signed Declaration of Principles in 2015 in Khartoum. And there have been several tripartite negotiations afterwards, though they did not bear fruits due to the old colonial position of Egypt. Ethiopia has also made it clear that the construction of GERD is based on international conventions on the utilization of Transboundary Rivers and was not intended to harm the lower riparian countries in any way but is intended to provide light and power for more than 60% of its population who are still dependent on unhealthy bio-fuel resources. Following the last five years where the incumbent government launched comprehensive reforms, the people and the Government of Ethiopia worked in unison, with untold tenacity and determination to address the challenges encountered and complete the dam. Apart from generating electricity, GERD has also huge potential for fishery and ecotourism. In line with Agenda 2063 and other sub-regional initiatives envisioned by African Union, GERD offers enormous potential and opportunity for regional development and integration in the Horn of Africa and Africa at large. It will serve as great inspiration for cooperation and coalition building among African countries. Indeed, the future economic development of Africa, to a greater extent, depends upon coalition building for collaboration and cooperation. GERD has also potential for tourist development in addition to sharing renewable energy which is very important for African economic self-reliance by developing continental energy resources. There are 70 islands created in the dam, waiting for local and foreign investors to engage in the hospitality industry. All told, thanks to the unreserved commitment of the people of Ethiopia and the government, the flagship Ethiopian mega project has reached 95% to be completed in few months of Ethiopian fiscal year. GERD, as the biggest hydropower dam in Africa is being built at the cost of 5 billion USD, clearly exhibits what miracles can Ethiopians perform to their beloved country regardless of the challenges facing them. Ethiopia is building the dam to generate electricity to about 60% of its 120 million citizens. While the electricity demand is growing by 30% every year, the dam’s over 5000 megawatt energy would not meet the country's growing needs. Sudan, Kenya and Djibouti are already connected with power grid, Ethiopia has also reached agreement with Tanzania to connect with power. In brief, GERD is a vivid manifestation of Ethiopia’s resolve to prosperity. Ethiopians ranging from school children to water fetching women, from firewood collectors to public servants, from farmers/pastoralists to investors and foreign citizens of Ethiopian residing overseas have made great contributions to the success of GERD. Not least but last, the local and foreign contractors and engineers labored much from dawn to dusk in a hostile climate along with members of the ENDF to protect the area from any threats.

BY SOLOMON DIBABA The Victory of Adwa is a hard won battle in 1896 during the reign of Emperor Menelik II. Following the declaration pronounced by the emperor that the sovereignty of Ethiopia was endangered by Italian Aggression, Ethiopians from four corners of the country marched to Addis Ababa and Were Ilu. Peasants, women and volunteers, artisans and others from all backgrounds and ethnicities left for Addis Ababa and Were Ilu to fend off Italian aggressors who had the support of the colonial powers in the Scramble for Africa. The victory of Adwa is commemorated annually on March 2 in Ethiopia. Exactly 128 years ago, more than 100,000, multi-ethnic, barefooted and well equipped but courageous Ethiopian irregular soldiers led by Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taitu and 12 commanders drawn from across the country marched for a historic face off with invading Italian Army equipped to the teeth with modern firearms at the hills of Adwa. The victory of Ethiopian youth army at the Battle of Adwa on March 2, 1896 is a historic landmark in the history of the black population across the world, particularly in Africa. It ignited two important phenomenological incidents in Ethiopian and African history including the decolonization of African and the continental vision of Pan Africanism. The victory at the Battle of Adwa immediately resonated across the world in complete negation of the invincibility of the diplomatic, political and military prowess of the European colonialists and their cry wolf of “civilizing mission.” Every year on March 2, Ethiopia and Africa mark the victory at the Battle of Adwa, in which Emperor Menelik II mobilized youth army of artesian, women and volunteers from all walks of life to repel Italian aggressors which received the blessings of the colonial powers in the Scramble for Africa in line with the resolutions of the Berlin Conference (1884-1885.) Professor Richard Pankhurst, in his book "Reflections on the Battle of Adwa," highlights the enduring significance of the Ethiopian triumph at the Battle of Adwa, which holds a prominent place in the collective memory of the African continent. This historic event stands as a remarkable testament, celebrated for over a century, and holds the unique distinction of being the sole secular occurrence in Africa's extensive chronicles to garner such prolonged recognition. A phenomenon such as Adwa is a complex nexus of various historical processes with wide ranging but as yet not fully explored meanings. Adwa does not only reflect its time, but that it also transcends it, and that the aspirations and meanings that flow from it have been a powerful constitutive force in the rise and evolution of modern African Pan Africanism. Indeed, it is an event that awakened the hope for emancipation and the struggle against colonialism and racism among Africans in the colonies and in the Diaspora. Black people across the globe celebrate one historical asset that occurred 128 years ago in a small town in northern Ethiopia. The Battle of Adwa was a rocket booster or a launching pad for the inception of Pan Africanism. This historic battle and the subsequent victory registered by irregular army of Ethiopia resonated across the world as the first victory against a colonial power ever to be won by an African country. History proves that the victory at the Battle of Adwa was not a victory only for Ethiopia. Although the Battle was fought in Ethiopia, the entire global peoples share this outstanding victory against a European colonial power that was thought to be invincible. It must be noted that the founding fathers of the former OAU were certainly inspired by the loft goals of pan Africanism. Kwame Nkrumah, who was undoubtedly one of Africa’s foremost freedom fighters, nationalists, writers, and thinkers, that influenced a generation of Pan-African nationalists and freedom fighters, and the founding member of the Organization of African. He foretold that “It is clear that we must find an African solution to our problems, and that this can only be found in African unity. Divided We fall; United, We Stand" become one of the greatest forces for good in the world. Will Africa live up to these expectations? The current trend is in the right direction but certainly there are huge challenges ahead before the lofty goals of Pan Africanism are achieved. Today, the African Union (AU) has creatively designed Agenda 2063. Ethiopia was and is indeed a forerunner in promoting the loft goals of Pan Africanism and the decolonization of the African continent by supporting major African liberation fronts like ANC. Moreover, in the sphere of integrating Africa, Ethiopia has already gone a long way in connecting Africa by aviation, railway line, road transport, telecommunication and supply of renewable hydro-electric power for the neighboring countries. The aspirations of the victory at the Battle of Adwa needs to be implanted in the African youth who are expected to continue to light up the torch of Pan Africanism. The spirit of Adwa will certainly continue to reverberate in the current pan Africanist battle against abject poverty, climate change and pursue common destiny. In this regard, Ethiopia has recently inaugurated a state-of-the-art memorial to honor those who fell at the Battle of Adwa. The Adwa Victory Memorial honors the bravery and resilience of Ethiopians in the face of colonial powers who labeled the continent Africa as dark. In addition to its historical significance, the Victory Memorial also serves as a symbol of pride, unity, and resilience for the Ethiopian people and Africa at large. It is a place of remembrance, reflection, and education, preserving the memory of the Battle of Adwa and its enduring legacy for future generations. Victory at the Battle of Adwa is indeed symbolic of how an irregular army of Ethiopia defeated an European army equipped to the teeth only because Ethiopians were united in purpose to ensure their freedom and territorial integrity. The lesson from Adwa was loud and clear, united Africans can overcome any challenge facing them.  

The inauguration of Adwa Victory Memorial is more than revealing a monument and indeed is celebrating a legacy that goes beyond the bounds of time and place for all black people across the world. United Ethiopians forces in the Battle of Adwa 127 years ago made a landmark history by triumphing over Italian colonial powers. The Adwa Victory Memorial, built at the heart of Ethiopia’s capital, Addis Ababa, which will be inaugurated today in the presence of high ranking government officials and invited guests, depicts this grand event and its significances. The Adwa Victory Memorial provides major historical events, pertinent individuals like Emperor Menelik II, Empress Taytu Betul, and generals who spearheaded Ethiopia's victory in the battle. It depicts significant historical issues like the spirit of pan-Africanism and the global black community's fight for freedom, which were sparked following Adwa's victory. This memorial is a vivid representation of a defining moment in history, embodying the enduring spirit and resilience of Ethiopia, Africa, and all who have faced oppression across the globe. It is crystal clear that Adwa is not merely an Ethiopian treasure; it is a jewel in the crown of African heritage and a beacon of hope for all oppressed peoples worldwide. This is due to the fact that Ethiopians did not just defeat a colonial power in 1896 rather they wrote a new chapter in history, fundamentally altering global perceptions about Africans. Besides, the victory shattered the then prevailing perception narrative against Africans as inferior and showcased instead a continent rich in strategy, bravery, and the unwavering pursuit of freedom. Along the years the echoes of Adwa Victory have resonated through generations, inspiring countless Africans to envisage a future unshackled from the chains of colonialism. Furthermore, it has been a source of pride and a rallying cry for change, igniting the flames of independence movements across the continent. Adwa through the memorial inaugurated today still stands as a living testament to the indomitable spirit of Africa, a reminder that unity and courage can overturn the tides of oppression. By building the Adwa Victory Memorial, Ethiopians are not only preserving a historical legacy but also reigniting a spirit of change and empowerment. It is a call to remember the past struggles and victories, to draw strength from them, and to continue the fight for a world where every person, regardless of race or origin, can live with dignity and opportunity. To put it in nut shell, the Adwa Victory Memorial is therefore, more than just a structure of stone and metal; it is a symbol of hope, a shrine of courage, and a school of inspiration for generations to come.  

Ethiopia has given not only to its citizens but to the black people across the globe a priceless gift by erecting Adwa Victory Memorial in the capital Addis Ababa. The Adwa Victory, which is not merely an Ethiopian treasure rather an African heritage, a beacon of hope for all oppressed peoples worldwide. The victory vividly demonstrates the fact that everything is possible if people work together toward a common goal. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is one of the memorials portrayed in the newly constructed Adwa Victory Memorial in the heart of Addis Ababa to show the fact that when people mobilized and organized, they can achieve whatever they wish. The Adwa victory has reignited the spirit of unity amongst Ethiopians in realizing the economic emancipation through the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). After more than 115 years, Ethiopians once again declared another analogical and historical call to build the largest dam in Africa which effectively symbolizes economic, social, and political and the quest for peaceful development in the spirit of Pan-Africanism. The victory of the Battle of Adwa which triggered the spirit of Pan-Africanism also echoed in the construction of GERD. The Adwa Victory and GERD are two sides of the same coin. In 1896, Ethiopians did not just defeat a colonial power; they wrote a new chapter in history, fundamentally altering global perceptions about Africans. Likewise, with GERD Ethiopians stood in unison; defied decades-old erroneous perception from every direction and practically made it a hope for cooperation and integration with the Nile River downstream countries as well as its neighbors. In addition to that, the Adwa Victory was solely won by Ethiopians without any support from outside. GERD unlike most of the current global grand flagship projects is entirely financed by the Ethiopian people through donation, buying-bond, and so on. It is being built with the blood, sweat and tears of the Ethiopian people from all walks of life. The GERD, which is now at the final stage, is expected to provide access to electricity to more than 60 million Ethiopians and provide affordable electricity to the service, industrial and agricultural sectors. For Ethiopian building the GERD is not a matter of choice, but an economic and developmental necessity and the way to pull out poverty for a nation of 120 million people. It is also pivotal in providing many benefits to the entire Horn of Africa region and beyond as well as accelerating regional integration. This clearly demonstrates that the current generation of Ethiopia through its leadership is replicating Adwa Victory to ascertaining economic emancipation. That is why GERD has been one of the memorials portrayed in the newly constructed Adwa Victory Memorial in the heart of Addis Ababa to show the fact that when people mobilized and organized, they can achieve whatever they wish. The newly built Memorial, which absolutely breathtaking in its architectural elegance and commemorates the historic Battle of Adwa, a moment of courage, unity, and victory for Ethiopia serves as a beacon of our past, depicting the commitment, strength and victory of not only the Ethiopian people but also the black people across the globe. Both Adwa and GERD convey clear message to the brotherly and sisterly people of Africa that they can genuinely ensure their economic and political independence as well as overcome the present day challenges if they work together to fortify their togetherness by freeing themselves from the centuries-old influence of the superpowers. The Adwa Victory Memorial, a monumental project located at the center of the capital, encompasses a museum, meeting halls, amphitheater, library, art gallery, exhibition center, and other facilities, all dedicated to honoring the heroes and heroines of the historic triumph and Africans.  

Majestically perched on the center of Addis Ababa, locally known as Piassa with its ultra-modern architectural design with close proximity to the Addis Ababa City Administration complex and the first of its kind in Ethiopian and African history. Adwa Victory Memorial symbolizes the valor and tenacity of black Africa exhibited against colonial forces who branded Africa as the “Dark Continent.” This state of the art grand facility significantly added up to the natural beauty of Addis Ababa which is already the second diplomatic center of the world next to New York City. The Adwa Victory Memorial commemorates the historic Battle of Adwa, which took place on March 1, 1896. The battle was a significant event in Ethiopian history, as it marked Ethiopia's victory over Italian forces and ensured the country's independence and sovereignty during the Scramble for Africa setting a historic example for the independence movement of African countries back in 1960s. Immediately after the victory the news of Ethiopia’s victory resonated across the world through the global media of those days and resulted in the resignation of Crispi’s government. Moreover, the historic victory heralded the emergence of Pan Africanism and Pan African movements across the globe. The Adwa Victory Memorial museum serves as a tribute to the bravery, resilience, and heroism of Ethiopian soldiers and leaders who defended their homeland against colonial aggression. It also houses a collection of artifacts, documents, and photographs among other things that depict the historical events of the Battle of Adwa, Ethiopian history, and the struggle against colonialism.   Visitors to the Adwa Victory Memorial can learn about the events leading up to the battle, the strategies and tactics employed by both sides, and the impact of the victory on Ethiopia's national identity and the global anti-colonial movement. The Adwa Victory Memorial also highlights the contributions of key figures such as Emperor Menelik II, Empress Taytu Betul, and some 12 generals who led the Ethiopian victory in the battle. In addition to its historical significance, the Adwa Victory Memorial serves as a symbol of pride, unity, and resilience for the Ethiopian people and Africa at large. It is a place of remembrance, reflection, and education, preserving the memory of the Battle of Adwa and its enduring legacy for future generations. The Adwa Victory Memorial, which will be inaugurated today will be open to visitors and scholars interested in learning more about Ethiopian history, culture, and heritage, and it plays a vital role in promoting awareness and appreciation of Ethiopia's rich historical heritage and contributions to the global struggle for freedom and justice. This unique museum includes traditional war customs worn by warriors and the traditional armaments they used on the battle.   The Adwa Victory Memorial Museum features a number of assembly halls including venues for in-door sport. Pan African hall, the memorial's principal meeting venue, can hold up to 2,500 people at once. The memorial is built with cutting age technologies encompassing various facilities such as for indoor sporting events, an amphitheater, cafes, a green space, a gymnasium, a parking area for visitors' vehicles and other amenities that might offer social services to guests. The Adwa Victory Memorial Museum is expected to be one of the main tourist attraction centers in the city and will also serve as a search center for scholars’ who wish to work on Ethiopian history.      

During the 14th regular session of the House of People's Representatives (HPR) conducted today, the premier responded to queries from members of parliament (MPs) relating performance of federal government in this Ethiopian fiscal year. Peace and National Security The prime Minister emphasized that issues related to peace and national security of the country emanate from wrong approach to fulfill political objectives, lack of practices in resolving political problems through discussions but raising arms to bring political solutions. The premier told members of parliament (MPs) that he had the chance to discuss with various sectors of the population in Amhara regional state before some years and mentioned that the demands raised by the region focused on development needs, amendment of the constitution and settling disputes of boundary areas with neighboring states. Over the last five years, 53 road projects were designed in the state, of which 1,300 kms were completed, citing the 2.4 billion birr worth asphalt road under construction on Abay Bridge. Regarding demands to ammendment of the constitutional, the government has established inclusive national dialogue commission to incorporate all issues across the nation and reach national consensus. To this end, the government has established National Dialogue Commission. The premier also cited the peace talks held with Shene in Tanzania with a view to bringing lasting peace but did not bring about the intended result. Overall, the rejection of peaceful options by armed groups in the country has caused conflict and displacements, he noted. He stressed the need for exercising democratic principles and putting in place appropriate institutions to consolidate the supremacy of ideas and peaceful transition in the country. The government is ready for peace talks with forces who wish to build their country and continue their political objectives in a peaceful manner. However, he assured MPs that the government continues ensuring rule of law by taking measure against those forces who attempt to seize power through the barrel of gun. Fruitful Efforts in Tigray The federal government has undertaken several fruitful activities in improving transportation, telecom, bank services, and agriculture, among others, after the signing of the Pretoria agreement, the premier recalled. He revealed that over half billion Birr expenditure was made for the resumption of the air transport to Shire, Mekele and soon to Axum, which is currently under maintenance. The air transport has at least helped people with chronic diseases to fly to Addis and get medical treatment, he added. Ethio telecom has maintained over 1000 kms of optical fiber and 475 mobile sites while repairing over 20,000 landline telephones and started 4G service with hundreds of thousands of Birr in four cities of the region. As a result, the people of Tigray are now able to get the services of telecom and electricity through the joint collaboration of the federal government and the interim regional administration. The National Bank Ethiopian has also provided 10 billion Birr liquidity and some 600 bank branches are open, he said. Furthermore, he noted that some 217 factories have started operation following the Pretoria agreement, even if they still seek support. Through a special procurement, the federal government has imported 500 tractors and over 300 pumps to improve agriculture in Tigray, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed told MPs. According to him, about 630,000 hectares of land was cultivated in the region last Ethiopian year with the agricultural inputs support such as tractors, special seed, fertilizer and pumps provided by Ministry of Agriculture and regional states. Foreign Relations and Diplomacy The Prime Minister highlighted the major achievements in the sphere of foreign relations and diplomacy, mentioning Ethiopia’s full membership to BRICS. The country is connected in power grid with Kenya and efforts are well underway to do the same with Tanzania, he said. Highlighting Ethiopia's relations with Somalia, the premier emphasized that Ethiopia has paid dearly by sacrificing thousands of its daughters and sons to defend the unity, peace and sovereignty of Somalia and will continue to pursue policy of cooperation and friendship with the country. “The people of Ethiopia and Somalia are bound by blood. Many Ethiopians have died for the peace of Somalia. (And) no country has paid as much as Ethiopia for the peace of Somalia,” PM Abiy underscored. Therefore, Ethiopia has no intention of destabilizing Somalia and transgressing the sovereignty of Somalia. He recalled that Ethiopia has never invaded a country in its history. In spite of this, some quarters are trying to incite conflict between the two nations, which should not happen, Abiy underlined. “Ethiopia’s quest for access to sea is based on mutual benefit. This is useful not only for Ethiopia but also for regional cooperation," the premier reiterated. Moreover, “Somalis are our brothers, and we will grow together.” He pointed out that Ethiopia has recently trained Somali military recruits at the Hurso Training Center, and this shows that we do not have any intention to get into conflict with Somalia. Prime Minister Abiy elaborated his country diplomacy is centered around its national interest, giving priority to relations with neighboring countries. GERD Regarding the trilateral negotiation on GERD, Abiy said Ethiopia is ready to listen to the demands of the brotherly people of Egypt and accordingly address the issues to the best of Ethiopia's ability. He also urged Egypt to reciprocate Ethiopia’s demands. The information which claims that Ethiopia's filling of the GERD will cause the Aswan Dam's water volume to decrease has been practically disproved, Abiy noted. The GERD has proved the fact that there will be no significant damage to the lower riparian countries. Economic Achievements With regard to tax collection, the revenue collected in the first six months of the fiscal year amounted to 265 billion birr, achieving 98 percent of 270 billion birr target. This represents a 17 percent increase when compared to the same period last year. He acknowledged the need for further improvement, citing the experience of countries like Morocco and neighboring nations that collect higher percentages of their tax-to-GDP ratio He further underscored the significance of tax collection for promoting adequate development in the country, calling for necessary reforms to increase the tax revenue. Speaking about export and import trends, he stated that the country earned 10.7 billion USD. from goods and services, with an earning of 4.5 billion in the first half of this year. In terms of import, Ethiopia imported goods worth 17 billion USD last year, while this year's import amounted to 7.5 USD in the first five months. Inflation is a result of various economic challenges, primarily stemming from insufficient domestic production, he said, noting a slight decrease in inflation from 30 to 28 percent this year. The government's strategy to combat inflation involves boosting production, he stated, adding that successful outcomes have been registered in wheat and rice harvesting. The premier pointed out the significant reduction in spending on wheat by saving over 700 billion Birr annually. The government has not taken commercial loan during the past five years, the premier recalled, adding the nation has paid 9.9 billion USD debts in the stated period.

By Bereket Sisay The recent fourth round of negotiations on the Great Renaissance Dam ended inconclusively due to Egypt's intransigence over the dysfunctional colonial agreement and its consequent unwillingness to reach an agreement on the dam, in particular to finalize the rules and guidelines for its initial filling and annual operation. Despite Egypt's blockade of a tripartite consensus, Ethiopia continues to build its colossal dam on the basis of equitable sharing of natural resources, with concrete construction due to be completed next June. But in an unusual diplomatic gesture, Ethiopia, as the upstream country, continues to plead with the downstream countries to accept its zeal to develop its natural resources without harming its neighbors, contrary to the modus operandi of contemporary realpolitik, if I'm not mistaken. Old Habits Die Hard… It is baffling how Egypt still deliberately misunderstands Ethiopia's position and obfuscates reality in its favour. Years ago, researchers proved that the dam would have no significant impact on the lower riparian countries. Moreover, Ethiopia has often expressed its intention not to harm its neighbors as a sign of its political commitment to regional cooperation. Against this background, Egypt has been busy accusing Ethiopia of neglecting the concerns of the riparian states and pursuing its own position at the expense of others. In reality, however, it is Egypt that is the hegemonic agent over this natural resource, to which Ethiopia contributes more than 80 percent while using zero; conversely, Egypt takes the lion's share while contributing nothing. However, there is no international law, including customary international law that supports Egypt's illogical assumption regarding ‘its water security’. The Egyptian side has created pitfalls against genuine cooperation and a way forward. The Baseless lament echoed by Egypt regarding Ethiopia’s dam is nothing but one of its conspiracies being orchestrated to deter Ethiopia’s aspiration for development, without causing harm on any of the riparian nations. Principle Stance, Diplomatic Push From the very beginning of the construction of the Grand Renaissance Dam, Ethiopia has made it clear that an internal development issue has driven the country to harness the Nile. Ethiopia has a huge population, while a significant portion of the population is still mired in abject poverty. This has been caused by compounding challenges but basically as a result of the lack of huge infrastructural facilities that have a huge impact on the human development in the country. Inadequate level of electric power is a major challenge as it is a basic recipe to intensify development in every sector. Ethiopia, in a move to avert this cycle of poverty and tilt towards a realm of development with fast economic growth, it has started the dam. The very notion of Ethiopia's quest to develop and start building the dam while using its natural resources is no different from Egypt's years of aspiration to use the Nile River, if we are really able to look at its basics. Again, Ethiopia did not just start building the dam out of the blue. The dam is being built in accordance with international laws governing transboundary water resources. What's more, the scientific studies carried out on the dam have proven that the dam will not have any significant negative hydrological, socio-economic and environmental impact on the downstream countries, and it is on the basis of this empirical finding that the nation has proceeded with the construction of the dam. This stance is firm and stands in stark contrast to Egypt's puzzling water security concerns, which have no legal basis whatsoever with regard to shared natural resources. Ethiopia's pragmatic stance implies, among other things, a simple inclination towards possible political and diplomatic exercises that double down on the principle of regional integration, an agenda for which Ethiopia is known. More importantly, Ethiopia has always made a diplomatic push to change course to a realm of genuine engagement, and this will continue in the future, as the government's interest’s show. Cooperation - A step forward The Nile is a shared natural resource that all riparian countries have the right to use and develop on the basis of equality and fairness. Any move that goes against this general practice could potentially turn the water into a point of contention rather than a variable for mutually beneficial development. This has been evident over the years as disagreements over the dam have arisen at different levels of the construction process, with Egypt unable to objectively understand Ethiopia's concerns. This has created mistrust that further limits cooperation on various regional agendas, including water resources. Thus, genuine negotiation is the only viable solution to this lingering stalemate. For this to happen, Egypt must first recognize Ethiopia's genuine intention to build the dam, the basic principle of fairness and equality vis-à-vis international water law, be it the Helsinki or any other conventional agreement on the use of transboundary water resources. The other major factor that could potentially change Cairo's mind would have been the status quo, as the principle of 'do no harm' has been upheld throughout the dam's construction. Moreover, Ethiopia has reaffirmed its commitment to uphold this principle in the future. In addition, the riparian countries should work towards the establishment of the Nile Basin Commission to promote equitable and reasonable use of the Nile waters. Despite the tripartite disagreement, and with no alternative option left for Ethiopia, the Grand Renaissance Dam is by now a done deal as its construction is already in sight. However, there may be a need to continue to use the Nile water for future needs, either for Ethiopia or for other countries, and such a legal framework is by far essential to avoid a split among the countries of the region to use water resources for mutual development. Ethiopia, together with other countries, is spearheading the agenda to accelerate the ratification of the Comprehensive Framework Agreement (CFA) by the member states of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), which is a prerequisite for the establishment of the Commission.      

By Awad Abdusebur Even after several decades of colonization by the West, Indians are still celebrated for preserving their culture, traditions, and rituals. We in African countries also know Indians very well through their famous romantic movies and music performances decorated with beautiful traditional attires without forgetting their distinguished services they are rendering to us as teachers and mentors both in high schools and universities. Another feature that makes India well-known worldwide is the Taj Mahal, the most magnificent structure ever built in memory of Mumtaz Mahal, the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan's favorite wife. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Taj Mahal, built completely of white marble in the 17th century, symbolizes not only the world's greatest architectural achievement but also the unity, harmony and togetherness of the diverse cultures, languages, and religions of this great people of India. This world’s populous nation with more than 1.4 billion people has now been emerging as one of the most influential country in the world particularly in terms of economy and international diplomacy. During my journey to this giant nation last December, with a group of over thirty journalists from sixteen African countries, I had the opportunity to personally witness these unique elements of the country. The Indian External Affairs Ministry arranged a week-long familiarization program that highlighted the nation's accomplishments in the fields of international relations, economic development, democratization and technological advancement, among other areas. In our conversation with Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar, as part of the visit, we were able to understand the nation's foreign policy toward emerging nations, especially those on the African continent, is actually quite realistic. India's diplomatic and international relation endeavors being carried out to help ensure the overall benefits of developing nations are remarkable. The county is striving to realize the aspirations of Africans and other developing nations through a variety of international mechanisms, such as the South-South cooperation. These efforts are now bearing fruit for the benefit of both India and African nations. AU & The G20 India made a commitment to accelerate South-South collaboration when it was awarded the G20 presidency last year. The goal was to create a world where all people would benefit from fair political and economic engagement. The Group of Twenty (G20) is one of the huge and most influential blocs established 24 years ago by the finance ministers and central bank governors of member nations in the wake of the Asian financial crisis with a goal to discuss about international financial and economic matters. Nothing is more critical than bringing the multifaceted interests of the global South to the attention of such stage as many scholars, researches and political economy analysts share same idea about the importance of addressing the developmental, political and economic needs of the developing nations with a view to creating a peaceful world in which everyone lives the happy life they deserve. India has made a number of initiatives in the last year as part of its efforts to safeguarding the interests of the global south. It advocated for developing countries' interests and concerns on the global arena while representing the Global South in the G20. It has made an effort to raise awareness of the issues and goals of the Global South while emulating international collaboration and solidarity. One of the successful achievements in this regard is the inclusion of the African Union (AU) in G-20, whose members represent 85 percent of the global GDP, over 75 percent of the global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population. The European Union, which is the largest regional economy, is part of the G20 together with 19 other major and advanced economies. Since the decisions made in this bloc are very influential in shaping international politics and economic relations, adequate representation of Africa in the group is crucial not only for the continent to achieve its aspiration for transformation, but also for the effective implementation of all decisions by the group. Hence, it would be possible to argue on the fact that AU’s inclusion in the G-20 will boost the group's legitimacy and acceptance of its decisions by all global players, including the Global South and stakeholders in the global economy. Under India's presidency last year, the African Union (AU) was admitted as a permanent member of the bloc. India made the proposal, which received unanimous support from the G-20, for the AU to become a permanent member. India pursued this goal as part of its overarching plan to strengthen South-South cooperation. In terms of international diplomacy, India's backing of the African Union's admission to the G20 is seen as historic. It not only makes the AU's bid stronger, but it also demonstrates India's genuine commitment to the realization a more just and representative international order. Strong and sincere international cooperation and partnerships are essential to addressing the enormous difficulties facing the modern world, which is beset by countless natural and man-made disasters. Therefore, by utilizing the opportunities in multilateral entities, integrating the AU in the G20 is advantageous for both sides to accomplish their own agendas, which when combined would bring about positive changes in the global system in terms of establishing a more equitable, prosperous, and sustainable world. In his recent interview with local media, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said “ India’s G20 Presidency has sowed the seeds of confidence in the countries of the so-called ‘Third World.” He also stated that the efforts to create an all-inclusive multilateral forum will be intensified in collaboration with the developed nations, “because today, they are acknowledging the potential of the Global South more than ever before and recognizing the aspirations of these countries as a force for the global good.” AU’s inclusion in the G-20 would also help African countries to avert their daunting development challenges the nations have been encountering in terms of loans by international financial institutions such as the World Bank and IMF, in improving the existing debt architecture, security and undesired geopolitical constraints affecting the continent. India Champions Africa's BRICS Ascension As an original BRICS founding member, India has long intertwined its roots with Africa's ambitions. Now, as Ethiopia and Egypt join the alliance under India's backing, the continent gains a vital megaphone to articulate its voice on issues of trade, sustainability and global equality. Born in 2006, BRICS has blossomed into a formidable force representing high-growth emerging economies. Its core vision champions equitable and sustainable development worldwide. This resonates deeply across Africa's 54 countries seeking to transform deprivation into prosperity. India has pledged to fortify cooperation with Africa under the BRICS banner. As a pioneer of South-South collaboration, it offers Africa in-depth technological expertise and IT knowledge transfer, alongside investments in infrastructure, agriculture and green energy. These shall aid African nations in fulfilling the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Africa's Agenda 2063. So as Africa realizes its rightful place at the BRICS table with Egypt and Ethiopia now included, India remains a trusted ally, walking hand-in-hand towards a brighter, shared future. Many consider the BRICS as one of the major influential groups in the contemporary global geopolitics and economy as it is an important alliance that brought some of the world's leading emerging economies together representing large percent of the world's population, GDP, and trade. The BRICS aspire to foster growth that is equitable, sustainable, and beneficial for all countries by establishing a very strong and deep cooperation among their member nations in addition to establishing balanced diplomatic and international politics worldwide. This is a good opportunity for Africa. Being the most deprived and unprivileged continent in the world, Africa needs the BRICS to help it reverse this reality. Currently, three African nations are represented in the bloc out of the ten members. Analysts claim that South Africa, Ethiopia, and Egypt's membership in the BRICS is essential to effectively advancing the continent's transformational efforts and giving it a voice in the international sphere. The BRICS is an alliance that strives for fairer and just global political and economic exchanges by eradicating the existing discrimination through strengthening the South-South Cooperation. In this regard, the BRICS is significantly vital global partner to realizing Africa’s aspiration for transformation as the effective implementation of South-South cooperation could be a driving force to attaining the various development instruments of the continent including Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Agenda 2063. The three African nations in the BRICS would play crucial role in voicing and safeguarding the continent’s economic and diplomatic interests in the global stages in collaboration with the nations in the bloc including India, which is one of the pioneers in realizing the objectives of global South that strives for the equal political and economic engagement with the global north. Indo-African Ties The other important thing that I was able to witness during the familiarization tour with the group of African journalist to India is the country’s enthusiasm to work with countries in Africa for shared development. In all our conversations with pertinent officials including External Affairs Minister, investors, scholars, and heads of several institutions in the country, Africa was the center of discussion. The country has been taking several measures towards strengthening its ties with Africa in the areas of trade, investment, technology exchange, infrastructure development, mitigating impacts of climate change among other vital development sectors. India has demonstrated its commitment to Africa through a series of events dubbed the India-Africa Forum, which have been conducted since 2008. The most recent one took place in 2015 and featured participation from more than 50 African nations. In light of their shared basic priorities, both sides agreed to step up their cooperation in all areas of development with the ultimate goal of eradicating poverty, as outlined in Africa's Agenda 2063 and the Sustainable Development Goals, among other very important matters. The efforts have so far been bearing fruits in strengthening the ties of African countries with India. The volume of trade between India and African nations is increasing. As of right now, trade between the two countries has reached 103 billion USD, placing India behind the EU and China as Africa's top trading partners. India has invested a total of 70 billion in Africa; by 2030, the Confederation of Indian Industry hopes to have increased that sum to 150 billion. Along with forging solid alliances with African countries, the India Export Import (EXIM) Bank is financing large-scale development initiatives across the continent. Along with having robust public-private partnerships and safeguards against debt distress, India is also the second-biggest lender in Africa. The African Development Bank (ADB), which New Delhi joined in 1983, serves as the primary conduit for Indian aid. Opportunities are still there to be tapped for the benefits of both Africa and India. For instance, the country offered billions of US dollars in concessional loans to help Africa's socioeconomic development in the areas of infrastructure, irrigation schemes, solar electricity, cement, sugar, and textile factories, technology parks, and railroad infrastructure, among other things. India is prepared to share its cutting-edge technology advancements that I have visited during my stay in Hyderabad, India’s largest technology city that aspires to become global giant in information technologies and digital economy. When the African journalists visited the International Solar Alliance (ISA) headquarters in Haryana, India, they were also able to witness India's dedication to addressing the challenges posed by climate change. The Indian government took the initiative to form ISA during the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21) in 2015 held in Paris, France, with the aim of advancing solar energy technologies as a way to provide carbon-free energy access from solar radiation. At the moment, Africa comprises more than half of the ISA member states. African nations and India are currently collaborating to develop solar energy projects across the continent. Additionally, the ISA and the African Development Bank are collaborating to build 10,000 MW of solar power plants in the Sahel with the goal of supplying electricity to around half of the 600 million Africans who remain off-grid. Being member of the G-20 and BRICS, as well as the leading advocate of South - South Cooperation and genuine multilateralism, coupled with its fast growing economy with technological advancement, India is among the most important nations across the globe. What I have clearly understood from my weeklong visit is that India gives top priority to Africa. Hence, I am obliged to accept the fact that India is key nation to partner with to help realize Africa’s aspiration for acquiring fair position in the international stages, eradicating of the current prejudicial global political and diplomatic engagements and ensuring equitable development by extricating poverty.

Ethiopia-Somaliland Port Deal Heralding Era of Optimism By Henok Tadele (ENA) On the momentous day of January 1, 2024, Ethiopia etched its name in the annals of history as it inked a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Somaliland, heralding a dawn of partnership and cooperation for access to sea and ports. This landmark agreement sets the stage for multifaceted frameworks of collaboration, carrying immense significance for both signatories. The MoU stands out as a testament to Ethiopia's unwavering ambition to secure vital sea access and expand its reach to seaports, ushering in a new era of enhanced cooperation and regional integration in the Horn of Africa. Moreover, it empowers Ethiopia to assume a more proactive role in championing peace and security within the region. According to the Government Communication Service, this agreement presents Ethiopia with a golden opportunity to establish a permanent and dependable naval base and commercial maritime services in the Gulf of Aden through a lease arrangement. Additionally, it outlines provisions for equitable sharing of the lease's benefits with Somaliland, including a fair share for Ethiopian Airlines. Furthermore, the MoU encompasses clauses that facilitate a thorough assessment of Somaliland's pursuit of international recognition by Ethiopia. This comprehensive MoU serves as a resounding testament to the unwavering commitment of both parties in fortifying their friendship and addressing historical challenges. It paves the way for strategic collaboration and mutual development, fostering an environment of optimism and propelling the nations towards shared prosperity. As the New Year commenced, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed shared the joyous news with Ethiopians, Somalilanders, and proponents of peace and prosperity, expressing gratitude for the blessings bestowed by the Creator as he signed the agreement with President of Somaliland, Musa Bihi. He hailed the agreement as a "dawn of mending fractures." emphasizing the significance of the MoU with Somaliland. He expressed his optimism about the MoU’s potential to foster collaboration, mutual growth, prosperity, and lasting peace. The premier reiterated Ethiopia's commitment to shared progress and resources, without imposing its will on others. The agreement holds immense potential for transformative impact. With sea access, Ethiopia can reshape regional and global trade routes, leveraging its strategic location and large consumer market of over 120 million people. This shift is expected to significantly reduce costs and inflation within the Ethiopian market, as it introduces additional routes to port and grants Ethiopia greater control over its maritime logistics. While substantial investment will be required for port infrastructure and capacity enhancement, the agreement marks a crucial step towards Ethiopia's economic evolution. The agreement sets the stage for Ethiopia to emerge as a leading trade and prosperity hub in East Africa, capitalizing on its position along the Red Sea. The agreement signifies a new chapter for Ethiopia, granting it access to the Port of Berbera in Somaliland. And it is poised to propel Ethiopia into a new era of economic growth and prosperity. Ethiopia Sets Sail To New Horizon The groundbreaking port agreement in Somaliland lends landlocked Ethiopia for access to sea and ports, slashing costs and unlocking global trade opportunities.The implications could be transformative. Ethiopia can reshape trade flows through Berbera Port over the next 50 years by leveraging its vast consumer market. Home to over 120 million consumers, Ethiopia is positioned to leverage these advantages to become a fulcrum in regional and global commerce, reshaping trade flows between Asia, Europe and Africa. The country will also set sail on sea towards an anchorage brimming with possibility - poised to become the gateway to East Africa where fortunes await for generations to come. New Port Deal Charts Course for Economic Ascendancy Ethiopia, a nation long synonymous with ancient history and captivating landscapes, has etched its name onto a modern-day narrative of remarkable economic expansion. Over the past two decades, this East African powerhouse has charted a breathtaking course, transforming from an agrarian economy into a dynamic hub of industry, infrastructure, and burgeoning services. This meteoric rise, fueled by an average annual GDP growth for many years has lifted millions out of poverty and earned Ethiopia the coveted title of Africa's fastest-growing economy. This is not without challenge. This landmark agreement with Somaliland grants Ethiopia strategic access to the Port of Berbera, a gateway on the Red Sea offering a potentially significant reduction in maritime trade costs. Analysts envision this move as a transformative one, capable of positioning Ethiopia as a pivotal trade nexus between Asia, Europe, and Africa. The influx of investments, industries, and global commerce could propel annual GDP growth to a new high over the next decade, further solidifying Ethiopia's position as an economic powerhouse. As the world watches with anticipation, Ethiopia navigates the uncharted waters of this transformative deal. Should it successfully harness the opportunities presented, the nation stands poised to redefine its economic trajectory, soaring to new heights and cementing its place as a beacon of success on the African continent. In nutshell, Ethiopia has emerged as a steadfast beacon of peace in the tempestuous Horn of Africa. As the fastest-growing power in the Horn of Africa, it has actively engaged in mediating disputes in the region, while spearheading monumental regional integration projects, such as hydroelectric dams and transport corridors. In addition, shared investments in port infrastructure and streamlined cross-border trade forge common interests between Somaliland and Ethiopia, intertwining their destinies and strengthening interdependence. Perched strategically along the multifaceted coastline of the Red Sea, Ethiopia is widely known as a vigilant guardian against the persistent threats that besiege this restless region.With a steadfast commitment to regional stability, Ethiopia strives to navigate the currents of uncertainty and chart a course towards a peaceful and prosperous future not just for itself but for all.      

By Tiruwork Ayalew From the end of July to November 2023, 80 journalists from 70 countries gathered in Beijing, the capital and diplomatic center of China, to explore and experience Chinese culture, history, socio-economic development, politics and diplomacy under the framework of the China International Press Communication Center (CIPCC). I was among these journalists joining from Ethiopia. The program gave me the chance to become acquainted with the culture of other journalists and their experiences in the media. We were given different lectures on China’s socio-economic development, diplomacy, culture, science and technology, as well as journalism training and internships with China’s media organizations like CGTN. We visited different cities, provinces, infrastructure projects, manufacturing facilities, cultural sites, and historical places, which helped me gain a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of China. Moreover, I had the opportunity to cover major international events like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and China International Import Expo (CIIE). All of these activities and experiences are invaluable for covering the real story about China. During my stay in China, I realized the country has many different narratives from which journalists can draw lessons for developing countries like Ethiopia. As a journalist, I witnessed China’s past achievements and ongoing efforts to create a better future and promote shared growth through initiatives like the BRI and CIIE. China’s history, economic development, culture, poverty reduction, inclusive policies, peace and security efforts, hospitality, diplomacy, work ethics, time management, and public spirit amazed me. Especially notable is what China achieved over the past three decades in poverty reduction, setting an example for developing countries like Ethiopia. To lift people out of poverty, China implemented various policies that helped millions of citizens escape destitution and become the world’s second largest economy. According to Professor Wang Sangui, a Chinese anti-poverty researcher, China achieved remarkable poverty alleviation through economic development policies and targeted interventions. Sustained rapid economic growth was a key driver, fueling rural reform, agricultural development, job-creating manufacturing, and urbanization. Since the mid-1980s, China also implemented direct regional and household poverty targeting. Regional targeting drove faster development in poor counties and villages, while recent precision targeting of households helped lift the remaining poor above the poverty line of $2.30 per day. Together, these strategies enabled China to eliminate absolute poverty and build a moderately prosperous society, meeting its first centenary goal. Professor Wang has witnessed the fruits of development even in remote villages, now connected through high-speed rail and other infrastructure. Since 2013, China pursued a targeted poverty alleviation strategy as the core of its anti-poverty drive. All identified poor households gained access to specialized programs while those near the poverty line were closely monitored. Additional strategies included relocating 10 million people from harsh environments to more hospitable areas to improve their prospects. Governments mobilized 600 billion Yuan for relocation subsidies during the 13th Five-Year Plan, facilitating job placement, transportation and integration of resettled households. Ecological compensation policies also aided poverty alleviation, subsidizing families who returned farmlands for reforestation and grassland conservation. Many poor people became forest rangers, earning stable salaries. The results have been remarkable. Since the late 1970s, China lifted 874 million citizens out of poverty, with the poverty rate falling from 88.3% to less than 1% in 2015. Progress accelerated after 2013 when precision targeting helped lift 100 million poorest rural residents out of poverty within just 7 years. China achieved the historical milestone of eliminating absolute poverty nationwide. Professor Wang stresses that as millions transitioned from poverty towards moderate prosperity, China refocused policies on growing together with developing countries. The Belt and Road Initiative promotes collaborative prosperity through infrastructure, trade and humanitarian assistance. Over 150 countries, including my native Ethiopia, have signed on. Professor Huang Yanghua, Professor of economics and head of Department of Industrial economy at Renmin University of China, explains that over the past decade, China provided substantial investments and market access enabling shared growth. With sustainability emerging as a global priority, China's people-centered, egalitarian development model offers solutions. Its rapid translation of policies into poverty alleviation successes provides a blueprint for developing countries like Ethiopia to adapt and achieve broad-based prosperity. Key Lessons for Ethiopia Structural economic transformation is critical:- China lifted over 800 million people out of poverty through rapid industrialization, infrastructure building, technological upgrading and growth in higher-productivity sectors. Ethiopia's 10-year plan similarly targets GDP growth averaging 10% annually, shifting the economy from agriculture towards export-oriented manufacturing and value-added services. Success requires attracting private investment into supportive policies and public goods. Trade, FDI and global value chains are accelerators:- Export-led growth played a major role in China's poverty alleviation, accessing foreign markets and technologies. Ethiopia aims to grow exports from 32.6% to 42.1% of GDP through greater competitiveness and participation in value chains. Priorities like industrial parks, skill development and trade logistics can boost manufacturing and enable firms to integrate into global production networks. Innovation and technology raise productivity:- From rail and digital networks connecting China's countryside to e-commerce and agricultural tech, technology sharply cut poverty by raising productivity, connectivity and capabilities. Ethiopia's digital and innovation pushes can likewise prepare farmers and informal workers for higher-income work while improving delivery of health, education and other services. Partnership and collaboration share success:- South-South cooperation has been integral to China's development assistance philosophy. Joint projects like skills centers and industrial zone development can directly transfer experience while aligning with Ethiopian priorities. A collaborative mentality and two-way exchange will produce shared gains. Professor Wang stresses taking China's successes as a reference but adjusting policies based on local realities. Sustained economic growth enabled China's poverty alleviation by generating opportunities for the poor. Relevant strategies for Ethiopia include boosting productivity through training and prioritizing export-oriented sectors. Professor Huang also advises developing labor-intensive light manufacturing initially, as it absorbs surplus low-skilled labor, provides on-the-job training, and builds modern production capabilities. With abundant labor, industries like leather and garments can drive Ethiopia's early industrialization while meeting rising consumer demand. Professor Keyong a professor of foreign studies at Minzu University of China highlights China's ethnic harmony policies, caring for all groups' rights and interests within a strong legal framework. As in Ethiopia's constitution, laws safeguarding minorities must be strictly implemented. Mutual respect and understanding enable unity and synergy across diversity. Ethiopia's rich history shows past success uniting a multi-ethnic state towards national development. In summary, pillars for adapting China's experience include sustained and equitable growth, export orientation, pragmatic industrial policies, quality infrastructure, and cultural unity with diversity, technological leapfrogging, and global collaboration. Via people-centered development cooperation with partners like China, Ethiopia can progress towards its goal of becoming Africa's icon of prosperity. China has always been expressing readiness to strengthen its bilateral cooperation with Ethiopia in all aspects of development. This cooperation is being demonstrated in various development activities in Ethiopia including mega infrastructure projects such as railways, roads among other.

Addis Ababa December 22/2023 (ENA) Building on the experience and success of prior projects such as Unity Park, Sheger Riverside and Entoto Park projects in Addis Ababa, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed launched the Dine for Nation initiative in August 2020 to develop three new world-class tourist sites in different regions. Dine for Nation is part of the national project initiated by the premier in a bid to develop eco-friendly tourist destinations.   The projects developed are Gorgora in south of Gondar on the north shore of Lake Tana; Lake Wonchi, “a piece of paradise” with hot springs and water falls; and Koysha, a uniquely situated place in green hills and lush forests. Gorgora is a beautiful town located on the shore of Lake Tana at a distance of 61 km from the historic town of Gondar, Amhara region. This sleepy port town will enchant with its offer of ancient monasteries, lakeside relaxation and endemic wildlife. Lake Wonchi is another bright feature of Ethiopia located about 150 km away west of Addis Ababa in the Oromia region; and it is expected to be one of the most spectacular tourist destinations in Ethiopia. The incredible beauty of the crystal clear waters that lie in the crater and the greenery of the alpine vegetation make the landscape unique. The other newly introduced tourist destination under the Dine for Nation project, Koysha is situated in the green hills of South West Ethiopia. With its rich natural, artificial and historical resources, it is the biggest of all the three projects in terms of size, content and diversity. Ethiopia is among the oldest independent states with more than 3000 years of history. Spectacular chains of mountains, caves, lakes, rivers, dense forests and deep gorges are some of the natural wonders found in Ethiopia. These sites are therefore rich with various endemic animals, birds, and plants. Besides possessing numerous man-made and natural tourism attractions, Ethiopia is the cradle of humankind that makes it among the top tourism destinations in the world. Through the facilitation of basic infrastructure, multidimensional investments, recreation and hospitality, tourism is expected to catalyze the local economies. When fully completed, the projects will play a significant role in creating a beautiful eco-tourism environment by changing the appearance of the surrounding area.   They will also turn the potential natural resources and beauty of the areas into economic benefits. In general, the huge development works that are being carried out in tourism sector at the national level are crucial for the development of the economy. The projects, whose construction have been nearing completion, are believed to give impetus to strengthen the tourism sector of Ethiopia as they offer the untapped opportunity for investments in eco-tourism. Meanwhile, the third flagship Dine for Generation initiative will be launched at Geralta of Tigray, Hayk of Amhara, Jimma town of Oromia, Arbaminch town of South Ethiopia Region, Niin Lee Palm Spring Lodge of Afar, and Jigjiga town of Somali regions. Also, two other private investments will be launched in Benishangul Gumuz and South West Regions to expand tourism. All in all, these spectacular places will make Ethiopia a land worthy of visit for international tourists.